Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Development in the Shadow of Imperialism

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Cordon Sanitaire

  • 191 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter investigates development in the shadow of imperialism. Asian and Arab worlds are similar in their fundamental social relationship, capital, but dissimilar in what they have become because of shifting class and power relations or their respective mode of integration with the global economy. Each case of development can be attributed to the specificity of the development/security nexus triggered by an imperialism pursuing its interests. Unlike EA where inter-imperialist entente lengthens the time horizon amenable to long term gestating and productive capital formation, the Arab security/development nexus not only absorbs the central economic surplus, but also reinforces commercial exploitation and under-valorisation in price terms a whole range of third world resources and inputs. War is not only about the destruction of assets, it is also the social relationship organising the reproduction of these assets during and after the conflict, especially the sustainability of the reconstruction effort through shifting ideological and institutional reorganisation patterns. This chapter will discuss the primacy of imperialism, its logical precedence and power over history, and how its practice makes or breaks development.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abu-Bader, S., & Abu-Qarn, A. S. (2003). Government expenditures, military spending and economic growth: Causality evidence from Egypt, Israel and Syria. Journal of Policy Modeling, 25, 567–583.

    Google Scholar 

  • Althusser, L. (1968). Philosophy as a Revolutionary Weapon. https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/althusser/1968/philosophy-as-weapon.htm. Accessed June 2016.

  • Althusser, L. (1994). Ideology and ideological state apparatuses (notes toward an investigation). In S. Žižek (Ed.), Mapping ideology. London: Verso.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amel, M. (1980). The Palestinian question in the ideology of the Lebanese Bourgeoisie. Beirut: Palestine Research Centre.

    Google Scholar 

  • Avramidis, S. (2006). Articulation by the “barrel of a gun”: Development under the threat of war in the Near East. New Directions in Marxist Theory, 8–10 December, Historical Materialism Conference, London. http://mercury.soas.ac.uk/hm/pdf/2006confpapers/papers/Avramidis.pdf.

  • Badiou, A. (2001). Ethics: An essay on the understanding of evil. P. Hallward (transl.). London & New York: Verso.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bassford, C. (1994). Clausewitz in English: The reception of Clausewitz in Britain and America. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Browder, E. (1933). The meaning of social-fascism. New York: Workers Library Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castells, M. (1992). Four Asian tigers with a dragon head: A comparative analysis of the state, in economy, and society in the Asian Pacific Rim. In R. P. Appelbaum & J. A. Henderson (Eds.), States and development in the Asian Pacific Rim. Newbury Park: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, M. R. (1953). Reason in social science: Readings in the philosophy of science. In H. Feigl & M. Brodbeck (Eds.). New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eken, S., Cashin, P., Nuri Erbas, S., Martelino, J., & Mazarei, A. (1995). Economic dislocation and recovery in Lebanon (IMF Occasional Paper No. 120). Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Ghonemy, M. R. (1998). Affluence and poverty in the Middle East. London: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • El-Solh, R. (2004). Lebanon and Arabism: National identity and state formation. London: I.B. Tauris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Emmanuel, A. (1972). Unequal exchange: A study of the imperialism of trade (B. Pearce, Trans.). New York: Monthly Review Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frances, S. (2004). Development and security (CRISE Working Paper, No. 3).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fukuyama, F. (1992). The end of history and the last man. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, J. (2010). Invisible war: The United States and the Iraq sanctions. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gräfrath, B. (1995). Iraqi reparations and the security council. Heidelberg Journal of International Law, 55, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gresh, A. (2000, October). Oil for food: The true story. Le Monde Diplomatique.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harvie, C., & Saleh, A. S. (2008). Lebanon’s economic reconstruction after the war: A bridge too far? Journal of Policy Modeling, 30(5), 857–872.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hobsbawm, E. J. (1996, May–June). Identity politics and the left. New Left Review, I/217.

    Google Scholar 

  • IMF (International Monetary Fund). (2016). World economic outlook. Washington, DC: IMF.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ismail, F. (2010). Youssef Zuayyin opens his closet secrets after 40 years of silence. translated from Arabic, Al-Arabiya. http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2005/06/07/13742.htm. Accessed 22 August 2015.

  • Jabotinsky, V. (1923). The iron wall (We and the Arabs). Viewed February 14, 2012, from http://www.marxists.de/middleast/ironwall/ironwall.htm.

  • Jacoby, T. (2007). Hegemony, modernisation and post-war reconstruction. Global Society, 21(4), 521–537 (The liberal peace and post-war reconstruction).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaffe, H. (1980). The pyramid of nations. Milan: Victor Gollancz Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kadri, A. (2014a). A pre-Arab spring depressive business cycle. In F. Gerges (Ed.), The New Middle East: Protest and revolution in the Arab world. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kadri, A. (2014b). Arab development denied. London: Anthem Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lebovic, J. H., & Ishaq, A. (1987). Military burden, security needs, and economic growth in the Middle East. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 31(1), 106–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee Boggs, G. (2011). The next American revolution: Sustainable activism for the 21st century. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leftwich, A. (2000). States of development: On the primacy of politics in development. London: Polity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lenin, V. I. (1902 [1978]). Revolutionary adventurism. Moscow: Progress Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marx, K. (1845). The German ideology, Marx-Engels collected works (Vol. 5). Moscow: Progress Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marx, K. (1859). A contribution to the critique of political economy, Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marx, K. (1867). Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, vol. 1. The Process of Production of Capital, Moscow. Moscow: Progress Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marx, K. (1893). Capital: A critique of political economy, vol. 3. The process of capitalist production. Moscow: Progress Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matar, L. (2016). The political economy of investment in Syria. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Mészáros, I. (2011). The dialectic of structure and history: An introduction. Monthly Review Press. Viewed November 23, 2016, from http://monthlyreview.org/2011/05/01/the-dialectic-of-structure-and-history-an-introduction/.

  • Moon, C., & Park, M. (2003). Reassessing the post war reconstruction in Korea: Implications for other countries. In N. Azimi, M. Fuller, & H. Nakayama (Eds.), Post-conflict reconstruction in Japan, Republic of Korea, Vietnam, Cambodia and Afghanistan. Geneva: UNITAR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Naqib, F. (2016). The economics of the Arab Spring. In Ali Kadri (Ed.), Development challenges and solutions after the Arab Spring. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petras, J. (2008, April 19). Military or market-driven empire building: 1950–2008. Global Research. http://www.globalresearch.ca/military-or-market-driven-empire-building-1950-2008/8841.

  • Shafaq News. (2013, September 14). Government report: Iraq loses USD40 bn annually due to electricity crisis. Viewed September 29, 2015, from Shafaq News. http://www.zawya.com/story/Government_report_Iraq_loses_USD40bn_annually_due_to_electricity_crisis-ZAWYA20130914064103/?lok=064100130914&&zawyaemailmarketing.

  • Streeck, W. (2016). How will capitalism end? Essays on a failing system. New York: Verso Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tilly, C. (1985). War making and state making as organized crime. In P. Evans, D. Rueschemeyer, & T. Skocpol (Eds.), Bringing the state back in. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tilly, C. (1991). War and state power (Middle East Report, vol. 21).

    Google Scholar 

  • UNCTAD. (2006). The Palestinian war-torn economy: Aid, development and state formation UNCTAD/GDS/APP/2006/1. Geneva: United Nations.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vltchek, A. (2016, February 18). Iraqi Kurdistan is collapsing. Western propaganda and “two parallel realities”. Global Research, New Eastern Outlook. http://www.globalresearch.ca/iraqi-kurdistan-is-collapsing-western-propaganda-and-twoparallel-realities/5508655.

  • Woo-Cumings, M. (1999). Chalmers Johnson and the politics of nationalism and development. In M. Woo-Cumings (Ed.), The developmental state. New York: Cornell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, T. (2002). Developmental states and threat perceptions in Northeast Asia. Conflict, Security and Development, 2(1), 5–29.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Ali Kadri

Authors
  1. Ali Kadri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ali Kadri .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kadri, A. (2018). Development in the Shadow of Imperialism. In: The Cordon Sanitaire. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4822-7_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation