Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to reveal the relationship between illuminance distributions of floor surface and travel speed and visibility. Subjective experiments were examined with a real-scale space, which is 25 m length by 1.8 m width by 1.8 m height. We set three kinds of installation intervals of lighting planes through five levels of average illuminance on the floor surface in order to set various inhomogeneous conditions. Five subjects participate in this experiment, who have good visual acuity more than 1.2. Their visual acuity is measured with Landolt ring (800 cd/m2 and contrast 0.9).
The tendency is that higher visual acuity makes shorter travel time and faster travel speed, so it is ascertained that visual acuity affects travel speed in inhomogeneous space. The lower the average floor illuminance is, the slower the travel speed is. Moreover, the more inhomogeneous the floor illuminance distribution is, the slower the travel speed is. For all subjects, the shortest travel time is under the condition of average floor illuminance 3 lx & 5 m installation intervals, and the longest travel time is under the condition of 0.1 lx & 20 m intervals. We show the prediction model for travel time under inhomogeneous floor illuminance distribution.
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Abbreviations
- D :
-
Distance (m)
- d :
-
Visual distance between subject’s eye and visual target (m)
- E :
-
Illuminance (lx)
- k :
-
Adjustment coefficient of luminous flux for lighting plane
- L :
-
Luminance (lm/m2)
- MVA :
-
Individual maximum visual acuity
- p :
-
Installation interval of lighting planes (m)
- s :
-
Visual target’s size (m)
- v :
-
Travel speed (m/s)
- VA :
-
Visual acuity under a visual condition
- α:
-
Visual angle of target (minute)
- ρ:
-
Reflectance
- i :
-
An arbitrary point or a measurement position from observation point
- s :
-
Standard average floor illuminance
- t :
-
Target average floor illuminance
References
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Acknowledgment
We would like to thank Mari Aoki, Ayako Sekine, and Natsuko Nakagawa, who are former students of the University of Toyama, for their cooperation in this experiment.
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Akizuki, Y., Yamaguchi, N., Konno, A., Okuda, S. (2017). Travel Speed and Visibility in a Pedestrian Space with Inhomogeneous Distribution of Floor Illuminance. In: Harada, K., Matsuyama, K., Himoto, K., Nakamura, Y., Wakatsuki, K. (eds) Fire Science and Technology 2015. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0376-9_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0376-9_14
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Online ISBN: 978-981-10-0376-9
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