Abstract
Since the rise in environmental awareness at the end of the 1960s and early 1970s it would appear that the environment and participation are two inextricably linked aspects of the same ‘green discontent’. Since about 1970 that discontent has gradually increased, supported by a growing environmental concern, and reinforced by successive environmental conflicts. There were always two aspects that went hand in hand with that green discontent: the protests always concerned the environmental load of planned decisions and the way in which those decisions were taken. This double discontent was expressed when polluting industries or individual businesses were established, when infrastructural work was undertaken, with the construction of new roads etc. Citizens and the environmentalist movement voiced their objections to the actual content of the decisions concerned because of the environmental impact involved, as well as the way in which the decisions had been taken, particularly because of the lack of public participation. Exactly the same double discontent is being expressed in the environmental protests made today, demonstrations against airport expansions everywhere in Europe, for instance, or the protests voiced against ‘globalisation’: objections against the actual content of decisions go hand in hand with objections against the non-participatory manner in which they are reached.
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Leroy, P., van Tatenhove, J.P.M. (2002). Environment and Participation. In: Driessen, P.P.J., Glasbergen, P. (eds) Greening Society. Environment & Policy, vol 33. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9958-0_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9958-0_8
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