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Diurnal Forcings and Local Circulations

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Climate Dynamics of the Tropics

Part of the book series: Atmospheric Sciences Library ((ATSL,volume 8))

Abstract

Day-periodic processes and circulations on the local to meso-scale dominate the regional climate and weather in the tropics, in contrast to the higher latitudes where the diurnal is much smaller than the annual cycle. Forcings on the time scale of a day or less result from horizontal contrasts in the surface heat budget and thermal and gravitational atmospheric tides; both heat budget and tidal forcings being particularly pronounced in the low latitudes. Differential heat budget forcings lead to vigorous topographic and meso-scale circulations, which in turn dominate the spatial pattern and diurnal cycle of cloudiness and rainfall. Day-periodic processes must accordingly be recognized as important factors for the regional climates, the latent heating distribution, and consequently the large-scale circulation. The role of diurnal and local forcings for the long-term and large-scale functioning of the tropical atmosphere does not seem to have received the attention it deserves. The present chapter is intended as a preliminary review of such diurnal and local processes, and as reference for subjects discussed in later chapters of this book.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Meteorology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA

    Stefan Hastenrath

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  1. Stefan Hastenrath
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© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Hastenrath, S. (1991). Diurnal Forcings and Local Circulations. In: Climate Dynamics of the Tropics. Atmospheric Sciences Library, vol 8. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3156-8_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3156-8_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-1346-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-3156-8

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