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Susceptibility Studies of Supercooled Liquids and Glasses

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Phase Transitions and Relaxation in Systems with Competing Energy Scales

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASIC,volume 415))

Abstract

These lectures review the results of a number of susceptibility studies of supercooled liquids and glasses. Dielectric response and specific-heat spectroscopy can investigate the motions that occur at the glass transition, Tg, as the liquid slows down and approaches an amorphous solid. In contrast to predictions of mode-coupling theory, these experiments give no evidence of a critical slowing down occurring at high temperature but rather indicate a divergence of the relaxation-time scales at a much lower value close to the Kauzmann temperature where the extrapolation of the entropy of the liquid state crosses that of the crystal. In addition, the dielectric relaxation of the liquid (for all temperatures and samples measured) can be scaled onto a single master curve. In addition to this primary relaxation, dielectric susceptibility can give detailed information about the secondary (Johari-Goldstein) relaxation occurring in the glass phase below Tg. For several glasses, the dielectric studies indicate that the secondary relaxation is due to the activation of single, uncoupled, entities over barriers which have a Gaussian distribution of energies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The James Franck Institute and The Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA

    Sidney R. Nagel

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  1. Sidney R. Nagel
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institutt for energiteknikk, POB 40, N-2007, Kjeller, Norway

    Tormod Riste (Director) (Director)

  2. Department of Physics, University of Oxford, UK

    David Sherrington (Co-director) (Co-director)

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Nagel, S.R. (1993). Susceptibility Studies of Supercooled Liquids and Glasses. In: Riste, T., Sherrington, D. (eds) Phase Transitions and Relaxation in Systems with Competing Energy Scales. NATO ASI Series, vol 415. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1908-5_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1908-5_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4843-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-1908-5

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