Skip to main content

The Infrared Spectra of Coals, 1980–1986

  • Chapter
New Trends in Coal Science

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASIC,volume 244))

Abstract

Work between 1980 and 1986 has provided a routine infrared spectroscopy which gives quantitative information about the average structures present in a coal with a minimum of sample preparation. Techniques are available for the study of coal surfaces -all coal reactions are surface reactions- and for small areas of coal surface. The relative simplicity of infrared spectrometry and its ability to give information and composition and temperatures without causing any disturbance of the system being monitored renders the technique particularly useful for on line analysis. Its utility for the on line analysis of combustion, gasification and pyrolysis has already been demonstrated. There would be no difficulty in the continous monitoring of coal liquefaction and more work may be expected to permit on line analysis of coal feedstocks.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. New Developments in Coal Spectroscopy, NATO ASI, Nova Scotia, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  2. R.F.Lacey, Anal.Cheiru., 58, 1404–1410 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. M.A. Zilbergleit and V.M. Reznikov, Deposited Doc., SPSTL, 608 khp-D80 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  4. M. McCue and E.R. Malinowski, Anai.Chinu Acta, 133, 125–136 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. J.L. Koenig and M. J. M. Rodriquez, Appl Spectrose., 35, 543–548 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. M.D. Erickson, Appl.Spectrose., 35, 181–184 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. P.C. Gillette, J.B. Lando and J.L. Koenig, Appl.Spectrosc., 36, 661–665 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. P.C. Gillette and J.L. Koenig, Appl.Spectrosc., 36, 535–539 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. P.M. Ovens, R.B. Lara and T.L. Isenhour, Anal.Chem., 54, 2344–2347 (1982).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. L.T. Taylor, R.S. Brown, J.W. Hellgeth, C.C. Johnson and P.G. Amateis, Proc.Int.Conf.Coal Sci., Pittsburgh, 1983, p.639–642.

    Google Scholar 

  11. P.C. Gillette, J.B. Lando and J.L. Koenig, Anal.Chem., 55, 630–633 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. P.M. Fredericks, P.R. Osborn and D.A.J. Swinkels, Fuel, 63, 139–141 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. D.A.J. Swinkels, P.M. Fredericks and P.R. Osborn, PCT Int.Appl.W.O. 84/4594 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  14. P.M./Fredericks, J.B. Lee, P.R. Osborn and D.A.J. Swinkels, Appl.Spectrosc., 39, 303–310 (1985) and 311–316 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. D.W.Kuehn, A. Davies and P.C. Painter, Proc.Int.Conf.Coal Sci., Pittsburgh, (1983), p. 304–306.

    Google Scholar 

  16. B.S.H. Royce, Y.C. Teng and J. Enns, Ultrason Symp.Proc., 2, 652–657 (1980).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. D.J. Gerson, J.F. McClelland, S. Veysey and R. Markuszewski, Appl.Spectrosc., 38, 902–904 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. T. Zerkia, Fuel, 64, 1310–1312 (1985).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. W.L.Friesen and K.H. Michaelian, Infrared Phys., 26, 235–242 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. J.C. Donini and K.H. Michaelian, Infrared Phys., 26, 135–140 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. M.P. Fuller and P.R. Griffiths, Am.Lab., 10, 69–70, 72, 74–76, 78–80 (1978).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. J.E. Carroll and W.M. Doyle, Proc.SPIE Int.Soc.Opt.Eng., 289, 111–113 (1981).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. M.P. Fuller, I.M. Hamadeh, P.R. Griffiths and D.E. Lowenhaupt, Fuel, 61, 529–536 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. D.E. Lowenhaupt, P.R. Griffiths, M.P. Fuller and I.M. Hamadeh, Proc.Irgn.Makiing Conf., 41st, 39–45 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  25. S.A. Yeboah, S.H. Wang and P.R. Griffiths, Appl.Spectrosc., 38, 259–264 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. I.M. Hamadeh, S.A. Yehoah, K.A. Trumbull and P.R. Griffiths, Appl.Spectrosc., 38, 486–491 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. S.H. Wang, Diss.Abstr.Int.B, 45, 2537 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  28. E.L. Fuller, N.R. Smyrl, R.L. Howell and C.S. Daw, Prepr.Pap.Amer.Chem.Soc.,Div.Fuel Chem., 29, 1–9 (1984).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. S.A. Fysh, D.A.J. Swinkels and P.M. Fredericks, Appl.Spectrosc., 39, 354–357 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. E.L. Fuller and N.R. Smyrl, Fuel, 64, 1143–1150 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. S.H. Wang and P.R. Griffiths, Fuel, 64, 229–236 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. P.J. Brimmer and P.R. Griffiths, Anal.Chem., 58, 2179–2184 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. P.C. Painter, B. Bartges, D. Plasezynski, T. Plasezynsky, A. Lichtus and M. Coleman, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel.Chem., 31, 65–69 (1986).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. K.W. Johnson, K.L. Telschow and J.C. Crelling, Final Rept.to the Gas Research Instit., Project 82075 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  35. N.M. Amer, US Pat.Appl. US 545338AO (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  36. C. Morterra and M.J.D. Low, Mater.Chem.Phys., 12, 207–233 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. E.R. Clark and A.F. Gaines, unpublished work, (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  38. J.R. Ferraro and L.J. Basile, Am.Lab., 11, 31–32, 34, 36, 38, 40–41 (1979).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. W.A. Honeyball, J.W. Patrick and G. Sullivan, Appli.Spectrosc., 37, 209–210 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. D. Brenner, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 28,85–92 (1983).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. D. Brenner, Proc.SPIE-Int.Soc.Opt.Eng., 411, 8–12 (1983).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. D. Brenner, ACS Symp.Ser., 252, 47–64 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. J.A. Mielczarski, A. Denca and J.W. Strojek, Appl.Spectrosc., 40, 998–1004 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. R.M. Gendreau, R.J. Jakobsen, W.M. Henry and K.T. Knapp, Environ.Sci.Techngl., 14, 990–995 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. J. McCue, Brit.UK Pat.Appl., GB 2040035 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  46. P.C. Painter, S.M. Rimmer, R.W. Snyder and A. Davies, Appl.Spectrosc., 35, 102–106 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. P.C. Painter, J. Youtcheff and P.H. Given, Fuel, 59, 523–526 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. P.C. Painter, R.W. Snyder, J. Youtcheff, P.H. Given, H. Gong and N. Suhr, Fuel, 59, 364–366 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. R.B. Finkelman, F.L. Fiene and P.C. Painter, Fuel, 60, 643–644 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. A.M. Vassalo, P.M. Fredericks and M.A. Wilson, Org.Geochem., 5, 75–85 (1983).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. J.K. Brown and W.R. Ladner, Fuel, 39, 87–96 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. P.C. Painter, A. Davis, M.E. Starsinic, J.L. Koenig, J.R. Havens, D.W. Kuehn, R.W. Snyder, J.T. Senftle, C. Rhoads and E.S.B. Riesser, Report DOE/PC/30013-F15 Order No. DE8400 3215 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  53. M.E. Starsinic, Diss.Abstr.Int.B., 44, 314 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  54. E. S. B. Riesser, Diss.Abstr,Int.B., 45, 1791 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  55. P.C. Painter, M.E. Starsinic, E.S.B. Riesser, CRhoads and B.Bartges, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chenu Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 29, 29–35 (1984).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. A.K. Chatterjee and B.K. Mazumdar, Fuel, 47, 93–102 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. D.W. Kuehn, A. Davis and P.C. Painter, ACS Symp.Ser., 252, 99–119 (1984).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. D.W. Kuehn, A. Davies and P.C. Painter, Repgrt DOE/PC/30013–4, Order No. DE84000539 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  59. D.W. Kuehn, Diss.Abstr.Int.B, 44, 2361 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  60. E. Benedetti, A. D’Alessio, P. Vergamini, A. Pennachi, P. Ghetti and G. Ghelardi, Riv.Cgmbust., 34, 394–402 (1980).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. N.E. Cooke, O.M. Fuller and R.P. Gaikwad, Fuel, 65, 1254–1260 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. M. Sobkowiak, E. Reisser, P.H. Given and P.C. Painter, Fuel, 63, 1245–1252 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. B. Riesser, M. Starsinic, E. Squires, A. Davies and P.C. Painter, Fuel, 63, 1253–1261 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. J.T. Senftle, D. Kuehn, A. Davies, B. Brogoski, C. Rhoads and P.C. Painter, Fuel, 63, 245–250 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. R.W. Snyder, P.C. Painter, J.R. Havens and J.L. Koenig, Appl.Spectrosc., 37, 497–502 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. P.R. Solomon and R.M. Corongelo, Fuel, 61, 663–669 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. P.B. Tooke and A. Grint, Fuel, 62, 1003 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. J.S. Gethner, Fuel, 61, 689–697 (1982).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Y.Yurum, Thermochimica Acta, 113, 217–231 (1987).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. P.C. Painter, M. Starsinic, E. Squires and A.A. Davies, Fuel, 62, 742–744 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. P.C. Painter, R.W. Snyder, M. Starsinic, M.M. Coleman, D. Kuehn and A. Davis, Appl.Spectrosc., 35, 475–485 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. P.C. Painter, R.W. Snyder, M. Starsinic, M.M. Coleman, D. Kuehn and A. Davies, ACS Symp.Ser., 205, 47–76 (1982).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. P.C. Painter, M. Starsinic and M. Coleman, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrosc., 4, 169–241 (1985).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. A.F. Gaines, G. Ozyildiz and M. Wolf, Fuel, 60, 615–618 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. M. Wagner, Bull.Acad.Pol.Sci.Ser.Sci.Terse., 29, 321–330 (1981).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. R.J. Pugmire and D.M. Grant, Repgrt,D0E/PC/30226-T3, Order No. DE 83013421 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  77. G.R. Dyrkacz, C.A.A. Bloomquist and P.R. Solomon, Fuel, 63, 536–542 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. P.G. Hatcher, I.A. Breger, N. Szeverenyi and G.E. Maciel, Org.Gegchem., 4, 9–18 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. S. Sipos and E. Sipos, Acta Phys.Chem, 25, 187–193 (1979).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. S. Sipos, E. Sipos and A. Nagy, Acta Phys.Chem., 26, 103–110 (1980).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. S. Raj, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem, 25, 58–66 (1980).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. T.I. Balkas, O. Basturk, A.F. Gaines, I. Salihoglu and A. Yilmaz, Fuel, 62, 373–379 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. T. Martinez, C. Romero and J.M. Gavilan, Fuel, 62, 869–870 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. M.K. Barvah, Fuel, 65, 1756–1759 (1986).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. S. Florea and G. Niac, An.Univ.Craiova [Ser] Mat.Fiz.Chem., 6, 71–75 (1978).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. S.A. Benson, K.S. Groon, G.G. Montgomery and H.H. Schobert, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 29, 22–28 (1984).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. P.R. Solomon and R.M. Carangelo, Report EPRI-AP-2115, Order No. DE 82901292 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  88. T.V. Verheyen and R.B. Johns, Geochem.Cosmochim.Acta, 45, 1899–1908 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. R.B. Johns, T.V. Verheyen and A.L. Chaffee, Proc.Int.Kohlenviss.Tag, 863–868 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  90. T.V. Verheyen, R.B. Johns and R.J. Esdaille, Geochem.Cosmochim.Acta, 47, 1579–1587 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. T.V. Verheyen, R.B. Johns, R.L. Bryson, G.E. Maciel and D.T. Blackburn, Fuel, 63, 1629–1635 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. D.K. Sharma and M.K. Sarkar, Indian J. Technol., 21, 24–27 (1983).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. S. Raj, Coal Technol., 2, 53–64 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  94. H. Wachowska, A. Andrzejak and J. Thiel, Fuel, 64, 644–649 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. G. Erbatur, O. Erbatur, A. Coban. M.F. Davis and G.E. Maciel, Fuel, 65, 1273–1280 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. D.K. Sharma, Aufbereit-Tech., 26, 295–299 (1985).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. D.A.C. Compton, M. Markelov, M.L. Mittlemass and J.G. Grasselli, Appl.Spectrosc., 39, 909–915 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. M.O. Brewster and T. Kunitomo, Proc.ASME-JSME Therm.Eng.Jt.Conf., 4, 1357–1385 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  99. D.E. Burrows, Adv.Instrum., 40, 1357–1385 (1985).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. P.R. Solomon, R.M. Carangelo, P.E. Best, J.R. Markham and D.G. Hamblen, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 31, 141–147, 147a, 148–151 (1986).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. P.R. Solomon, R.M. Carangelo, D.G. Hamblen and P.E. Best, Appl.Spectrosc., 40, 746–759 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. M.G. Rockley and P.J. Devlin, Appl.Spectrosc., 34, 407–408 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. N.R. Smyrl and E.L. Fuller, ACS Symp.Ser., 205, 133–145 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. P.R. Griffiths, S.H. Wang, I.M. Hamadeh, P.W. Yang and D.E. Henry, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 28, 27–34 (1983).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. P.R. Griffiths, Polym.Prepr.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Polym.Chem., 25, 151–152 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  106. P.L. Chien, R. Markuszewski and J.F. McClelland, Prepr.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel.Chem., 30, 13–20 (1985).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. G.P. Huffman, F.E. Huggins, G.R. Danmyre, A.J. Pignocco and M.C. Lin, Fuel, 64, 849–856 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. British Carbonisation Research Assoc., Carbonisation Res.Rep., 64, 23 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  109. P.C. Painter, R.W. Snyder, D.E. Pearson and J. Kwong, Fuel, 59, 282–286 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. R. Bouwman and I.L.C. Freriks, Fuel, 59, 315–322 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. P.C. Painter, M.M. Coleman, R.W. Snyder, O. Mahajan, M. Komatsu and P.L. Walker Jr., Appl.Spectrosc._, 35, 106–110 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. P.C. Painter and C. Rhoads, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 26, 35–41 (1981).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. J.C. Donini, S.A. LaCour, B.M. Lynch and A. Simon, Coal Phoenix ’80’s Proc.CIC Coal Symp., 64, 1, 132–134 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  114. R. Liotta, G. Brons and J. Isaacs, Fuel, 62, 781–789 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. P.M. Fredericks, P. Warbrooke and M.A. Wilson, Org.Geochem., 5, 89–97 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. C.A. Rhoads, J.T. Senftle, M.M. Coleman, A. Davies and P.C. Painter, Fuel, 62, 1387–1392 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. D. Joseph and A. Oberlin, Carbon, 21, 559–564 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. J.R. Havers, J.L. Koenig, D. Kuehn, C. Rhoads, A. Davies and P.C. Painter, Fuel, 62, 936–941 (1983).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  119. R.A. Johnson and R.P. Cooney, Aust.J.Chem., 36, 2549–2554 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. J.S. Gethner, Fuel, 64, 1443–1446 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. P.L. Chien, R. Markuszewski, H.G. Araghi and J.F. McClelland, Proc.Int.Conf.Coal Sci.Sydney, 818–821 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  122. T.V. Verheyen, G.J. Perry, P.D. Nichols and D.C. White, Proc.Int.Conf.Coal Sci.Sydney, 822–825 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  123. T. Zerlia, Appl.Spectrosc., 40, 214–217 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. K.B. Anderson and R.B. Johns, Org.Geochem., 9, 219–224 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. B.M. Lynch, L.I. Lancaster and J.T. Fahey, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 31, 43–48 (1986).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. P.H. Fredericks and N.T. Moxon, Fuel, 65, 1531–1538 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. J.S. Gethner, Appl.Spectrosc., 41, 50–63 (1987).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. H. Hamya, K.H. Mickaelion and N.E. Anderson, Proc.Int.Conf.Coal. Sci.Pittsburgh, 248–251 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  129. E.L. Fuller, N.R. Smyrl, R.W. Smithwick and C.S. Daw, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel.Chem., 28, 44–48 (1983).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. P.R. Griffiths, Report DOE/PC/50797-T12, Order No. DE86011951 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  131. B. Ratanasthien, Proc.Int.Conf.Coal Sci.Sydney, 463–466 (1985) and personal communication (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  132. R. Dogru, A.F. Gaines, A. Olcay and T. Tugrul, Fuel, 58, 823 (1979).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. P.E. Best, R.M. Carangelo and P.R. Solomon, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel.Chem., 29, 249–258 (1984).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. R.A. Altenkirch, D.W. Mackowski, R.E. Peck and T.W. Tong, Chem.Phys.Prgcesses Combust.Paper, 60 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  135. K.L. Cashdollar and M. Hertzberg, Combust.Flame, 51, 23–35 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. D.W. Mackowski, R.A. Altenkirch, R.E. Peck and T.W. Tong, Combust.Sci.Technol., 31, 139–153 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. D.K. Ottesen and J.C.F. Wang, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc. Div.Fuel Chem., 31, 136–141 (1986).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. D.K. Ottesen and L.R. Thorne, Proc.Int.Conf.Coal Sci.Sydney, 351–354 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  139. D.K. Ottesen and L.R. Thorne, Proc.Electrochem.Soc., 83–87, 425–433 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  140. S.K. Batra, W.E. Cole and C.I. Metcalf, Coal Technol.8th, 177–196 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  141. L.P. Stearns and R.F. Pueschel, Appl.Opt., 22, 1856–1860 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. J.D. Freihaut, P.R. Solomon and D.J. Seery, Prepr.Pap.Am,Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 25, 161–170 (1980).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. P.R. Solomon and D.G. Hamblen, AIP Conf.Proc., 70, 121–140 (1981).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. P.R. Solomon and D.G. Hamblen, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 27, 41–49 (1982).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. J.D. Freihaut, D.J. Seery and M.F. Zabielski, Report DOE/MC/16221–1378, Order No. DE83008270 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  146. P.R. Solomon and D.G. Hamblen, Report EPRI-AP-2603, Order No. DE83902950 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  147. P.R. Solomon and D.G. Hamblen, R.M. Carangelo, J.R. Markham and M.B. DiTaranto, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 29, 83–93 (1984).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. P.R. Solomon, D.G. Hamblen and R.M. Carangelo, Anal.Pyrolysis, published by Butterworth, London, p. 121–156 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  149. J.S. Gethner, Appl.Spectrosc., 39, 765–777 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. P. Chen, P.W.J. Yang and P.R. Griffiths, Fuel, 64, 307–312 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. R.M. Carangelo, P.R. Solomon and D.J. Gerson, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 31, 152–161 (1986).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. M.D. Erikson, S.D. Cooper, C.M. Sparacino and R.A. Zweidinger, Appl.Spectrosc., 33, 575–577 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  153. P.R. Solomon and D.G. Hamblen, Report DOE/FE/05122-T1, Order No. DE82005658 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  154. M.D. Erlkson, S.E. Frazier and C.M. Sporacino, Fuel, 60, 263–266 (1981).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  155. I.L.C. Freriks, H.M.H. van Weckem, C.M. Johannes and R. Bouwman, Fuel, 60, 463–470 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. P.R. Griffiths, Report DOE/PC/30210-T4, Order No. DE83010618 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  157. P.R. Solomon and D.G. Hamblen, Report DOE/METC 82–24, 275–278 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  158. S.J. Yuh and E.E. Wolf, Fuel, 62, 252–255 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. S.J. Yuh and E.E. Wolf, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 29, 206–211 (1984).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. S.J. Yuh and E.E. Wolf, Fuel, 63, 1604–1609 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. S.J. Yuh and E.E. Wolf, Ext.Abstr.Program Bienn.Conf.Carbon,17th, 176–177 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  162. M.B. Cenfontain and J.A. Moulijn, Fuel, 65, 1349–1355 (1985) .

    Article  Google Scholar 

  163. S.A. Farnum and E.A. Muth, Proc.M.D.Acad.Sci., 34, 11 (1980).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. B.W. Farnum and S.A. Farnum, Proc.M.D.Acad.Sci.34, 12 (1980).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. E.A. Muth and S.A. Farnum, Proc.M.D.Acad.Sci., 34, 26 (1980).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. D.G. Jones, H. Rottendorf, M.A. Wilson and P.J. Collin, Fuel, 59, 19–26 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. J.M. Charlesworth, Fuel, 59, 865–870 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. V.L. Weinberg, B.C. Gerstein, P.D. Murphy and T.F. Yen, Ext.Abstr.Program Bienn.Conf.Carbon _15th, 132–133 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  169. S.E. Scheppele, P.A. Berson, G.J. Greenwood, O.G. Grindstaff, T. Aczel and B.F. Beier, Ady.Chem.Ser.195, 53–82 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. V.L. Weinberg, T.F. Yen, B.C. Gerstein and P.D. Murphy, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Pet.Chem., 26, 816–824 (1980) .

    Google Scholar 

  171. V.A. Weinberg and T.F. Yen, Fuel, 61, 383–388 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. L.J.S. Young, M.C. Li and D. Hardy, Prepri.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 27, 139–144 (1982).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  173. K.S. Seshadri and D.C. Cronauer, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem.,27, 64–75 (1982).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. R.S. Brown and L.T. Taylor, Anal.Chem., 55, 723–730 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  175. M.G. Strachan, A.M. Vassallo and R.B. Johns, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 28, 226–233 (1983).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  176. Z.J. Stompel and K.D. Bartle, Fuel, 62, 900–904 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  177. L. Petrakis, D.C. Young, R.G. Ruberto and B.C. Gates, Ind.Eng.Chem.Process Des.Dev., 22, 298–305 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  178. K.S. Seshadri and D.C. Cronauer, Fuel, 62, 1436–1444 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  179. L. Jones and N.C. Li, Fuel, 62, 1156–1160 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  180. L.J.S. Young, N.C. Li and D. Hardy, Fuel, 62, 718–723 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  181. P.G. Amateis and L.T. Taylor, Chromatographia, 18, 175–182 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  182. T.F. Yen, W.H. Wu and G.V. Chilingar, Energy Sources, 7, 203–235 (1984).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. P.G. Amateis, J.W. Hellgeth and L.T. Taylor, Prepr.Pap.Am. Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel.Chem., 30, 225–231 (1985).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  184. G.L. Alexander, A.L. Creagh and J.M. Prausnitz, Ind.Eng.Chem.Fundam., 24, 301–310 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  185. J.B. Green, B.K. Stierwalt, J.A. Green and P.L. Grizzle, Fuel, 64, 1571–1580 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  186. R.A. Winschel, G.A. Robbins and F.P. Burke, Conf.Coal Liguefaction 9th, 28/0–28/28 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  187. K.S. Seshadri, D.C. Young and D.C. Cronauer, Fuel, 64, 22–28 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  188. A.M. Mastral, V.L. Cebolla and J.M. Gavilan, Fuel, 64, 316–320 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  189. L. Dixit, P. Kumar, H.C. Chandola and R.B. Gupta, Indian J.Technol, 24, 40–42 (1986).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  190. J. Youtcheff, P.C. Painter and P.H. Given, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 31, 318–322 (1986).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  191. C.C. Johnson and L.T. Taylor, Anal.Chem, 55, 436–441 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  192. P.G. Amateis and L.T. Taylor, LC Mag., 2, 854–857 (1984).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  193. L.T. Taylor, J.Chromatogr.Sci, 23, 265–272 (1985).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  194. P.R. Solomon, D.G. Hamblen, R.M. Carangelo, J.R. Markham and M.R. Chaffee, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 30, 1–12 (1985).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  195. A.A. Garrison, D.M. Hembree, R.A. Yoklev, R.A. Crocombe, G. Mamantov and E.L. Wehry, Proc.SPIE Int.Soc.Opt.Eng., 289, 150–153 (1981).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  196. E.L. Wehry and G. Mamantov, ACS Symp.Ser., 169, 251–265 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  197. D.M. Hembree, A.A. Garrison, R.A. Crocombe, R.A. Yokley, E.L. Wehry and G. Mamantov, Anal.Chem., 52, 1783–1788 (1981).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  198. A.A. Garrison, G. Mamantov and E.L. Wehry, Appl.Spectrosc., 36, 348–352 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  199. G.T. Reedy, D.G. Ettinger, J.F. Schneider and S. Bourne, Anal.Chem., 57, 1602–1609 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  200. R.H. Hauge, L. Fredlin, J. Chu and J.L. Margrave, Prepr. Pap. Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 28, 35–43 (1983).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  201. C.J. Chu, L. Fredin, R.H. Hauge and J.L. Margrave, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 29, 49–57 (1984).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. C.J. Chu, L. Fredin, R.H. Hauge and J.L. Margrave, High Temp.Sci.,20, 51–73 (1985).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  203. S.A. Cannon, C.J. Chu, R.H. Hauge and J.L. Margrave, Fuel, 66, 51–54 (1987).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  204. L.G. Galya, D.C. Cronauer, P.C. Painter and N.C. Li, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Fuel Chem., 28, 137–143 (1983).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  205. P. Burchill, A.A. Herod, J.P. Mahon and E. Pritchard, J.Chromatogr., 281, 109–124 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  206. P.G. Amateis and L.T. Taylor, Anal.Chem., 56, 966–971 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  207. V.P. Dmitrikov, Yu. V. Fedorov and V.M. Nabwach, Chromatographia, 18, 28–30 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  208. L.T. Taylor, Report DOE/PC/407993T-11, Order No. DE85003753 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  209. E. Benedetti, R. Santini, A.D. Alessio and P. Vergamini, Fuel, 61, 479–481 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  210. P.M. Dhooge and S.M. Park, J.Electrochem.Soc., 130, 1539–1542 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  211. E.S. Gladney, R. Raymond and N.W. Bauer, Am.Lab., 34, 36–38 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  212. G. Platbroad and H. Barter, Anal.Chem., 57, 2404–2410 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  213. L.M. Seaverson, J.F. McClelland, G. Burnet, J.W. Anderegg and M.K. Iles, Appl.Spectrosc., 39, 38–45 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  214. T.L. Chien, Tung-Hai Hsueh Pao, 26, 699–712 (1985).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  215. W.R.M. Graham, Prepr.Pap.Am.Chem.Soc.Div.Pet.Chem., 31, 608–612 (1986).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Gaines, A.F. (1988). The Infrared Spectra of Coals, 1980–1986. In: Yürüm, Y. (eds) New Trends in Coal Science. NATO ASI Series, vol 244. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3045-2_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3045-2_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7869-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-3045-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics