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Molecular Pathology of Bone and Soft Tissue Neoplasms and Potential Targets for Novel Therapy

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Molecular Pathology and Diagnostics of Cancer

Part of the book series: Cancer Growth and Progression ((CAGP,volume 16))

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Abstract

Bone and soft tissue tumors encompass a rare but a heterogenous group of mesenchymal neoplasms ranging from benign to malignant. Frequently, the diagnosis of many bone and soft tissue tumors prove to be difficult due to the enormous variety of histologic subtypes, with some of them (especially the tumors of spindle cell morphology) presenting with similar clinical, microscopic, immunohistochemical, and/or radiographic characteristics. With continuous and more advanced understanding of the cytogenetic and molecular genetics of bone and soft tissue tumors, it is hopeful that, eventually, classifying bone and soft tissue tumor types can be based on molecular pathology rather than by traditional histogenesis. More importantly, the forecast for the prognosis or prediction to therapy can also be benefited from molecular pathology. Chapter 13 will review the most current molecular testing of bone and soft tissue tumors and the biomarkers that have the potential for targeted therapy with focus on the recent developments from the past 5 years.

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Abbreviations

ASPS:

Alveolar soft part sarcoma

DFSP:

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans

FISH:

Fluorescent in situ hybridization

GIST:

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor

HMO:

Hereditary multiple osteochondromas

HSP:

Heat-shock protein

IGF1R:

Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor

NTRK3:

Neurotrophin 3 receptor gene

PDGFRA:

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha

PIK3CA:

Phosphotidylinosital-3 kinase catalytic alpha polypeptide

PNET:

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor

PPARγ:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma

PVNS:

Pigmented villonodular synovitis

RT-PCR:

Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction

SNP:

Single nucleotide polymorphism

VEGFR:

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor

WDLPS/ALT:

Well-differentiated liposarcoma/atypical lipomatous tumor

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  1. Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA

    Evita B. Henderson-Jackson & Marilyn M. Bui

  2. Department of Sarcoma, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA

    Anthony Conley

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  1. Evita B. Henderson-Jackson
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Correspondence to Marilyn M. Bui .

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  1. Anatomic Pathology, University of South Florida, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA

    Domenico Coppola

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Henderson-Jackson, E.B., Conley, A., Bui, M.M. (2014). Molecular Pathology of Bone and Soft Tissue Neoplasms and Potential Targets for Novel Therapy. In: Coppola, D. (eds) Molecular Pathology and Diagnostics of Cancer. Cancer Growth and Progression, vol 16. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7192-5_13

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