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Non-Hierarchically Organized Operations in Malignancies: Stromal Dysfunction Induces and Maintains Hematopoietic Malignancies

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Abstract

Hematopoiesis within adult mammals takes place in a special microenvironment within the bone marrow (BM), the stem cell niche. Cellular and extracellular components of the niche support hematopoiesis by maintaining hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in a quiescent state but also provide growth signals in response to extrinsic hematopoietic stress. According to the cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis, leukemogenesis is a hierarchical process induced by malignant transformation of HSC into leukemia stem cells (LSC). The dogmatic view of leukemogenesis so far suggested a primarily intrinsic cause for malignant transformation of hematopoietic cells due to genetic or epigenetic disarrangements. Recent data, however, proposes that the induction of LSC and their maintenance is associated with an aberrant stem cell niche. In this chapter we summarize basic features of the physiological and aberrant stem cell niche focusing on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and osteoblasts.

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  1. Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany

    J. Grassinger & R. Schelker

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  1. J. Grassinger
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  2. R. Schelker
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  1. , Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, Regensburg, 93042, Germany

    Albrecht Reichle

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Grassinger, J., Schelker, R. (2013). Non-Hierarchically Organized Operations in Malignancies: Stromal Dysfunction Induces and Maintains Hematopoietic Malignancies. In: Reichle, A. (eds) Evolution-adjusted Tumor Pathophysiology:. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6866-6_6

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