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BVOC-Mediated Plant-Herbivore Interactions

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Biology, Controls and Models of Tree Volatile Organic Compound Emissions

Part of the book series: Tree Physiology ((TREE,volume 5))

Abstract

Plants release unique blends of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) into the atmosphere, part of a silent language used to communicate with other organisms in their community. Within this high traffic chemical environment, plants and insects, among other organisms, are receiving, processing, modifying, and responding to information conveyed through varying suites of molecules. Because plants and insects are part of an integrative complex of food web relationships, one common topic of conversation is defence. Plants maintain a baseline level of BVOC emissions as a bottom-up constitutive defence, emitting compounds that act as repellents or deterrents to feeding and/or egg deposition by herbivores. Due to the autonomy of their attackers, plants can also employ an indirect top-down defence strategy, releasing induced volatiles in response to feeding that attract the natural enemies of their herbivore attackers, such as predators and parasitoids. Both bottom-up and top-down BVOC-mediated strategies have important consequences for herbivore preference, performance, and survival with even broader ecological and evolutionary consequences for tritrophic interactions. In this chapter we discuss how constitutive BVOCs mediate aspects of plant defence within a hierarchical spatiotemporal framework. Next we bring to light some of the most recent research on oviposition- and herbivore-induced BVOC synthesis and subsequent effects on the recruitment of natural enemies. We follow up by discussing the ecological effects of induced BVOCs in the context of multiple herbivores, expression from various plant organs, time-lags associated with BVOC induction, and heterogeneity within the infochemical environment. The critical feature of insect learning is described and we highlight some of the major evolutionary implications of BVOC-mediated plant defence syndromes that rely on the unique timing of events at the biochemical, atmospheric, organismal, and community scales.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge Russell K. Monson and Deane Bowers for enlightening conversations and sharing their enthusiasm for plant-insect interactions. PCS also acknowledges funding from the National Science Foundation (‘Scaling ecosystem function: Novel Approaches from MaxEnt and Multiresolution’, Division of Biological Infrastructure #1021095) and the State of Montana.

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  1. Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA

    Amy M. Trowbridge & Paul C. Stoy

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  1. Amy M. Trowbridge
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Correspondence to Amy M. Trowbridge .

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  1. Institute of Agricultural and, Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu, 51014, Estonia

    Ülo Niinemets

  2. School of Natural Resources and, the Environment, University of Arizona, N Park Ave, Suite 532 845, Tucson, 85721, Arizona, USA

    Russell K. Monson

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Trowbridge, A.M., Stoy, P.C. (2013). BVOC-Mediated Plant-Herbivore Interactions. In: Niinemets, Ü., Monson, R. (eds) Biology, Controls and Models of Tree Volatile Organic Compound Emissions. Tree Physiology, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6606-8_2

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