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The Soviet and Russian Schools

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Continuum Mechanics Through the Twentieth Century

Part of the book series: Solid Mechanics and Its Applications ((SMIA,volume 196))

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Abstract

It is remarked that essentially for ideological reasons and the use of an original language and alphabet, contributions from this immense and powerful country have often been belittled or altogether neglected. This chapter tries to correct this misconception and biased treatment. In particular, one cannot discard some original facts, among them the general high quality of teaching at high-school and university levels, the essential role played by the Academy of Sciences and its various branches, and the friendly rivalry between Moscow and Leningrad/St Petersburg. That is why, after briefly recalling the role of some precursors, attention is focused on these two main centres that host a multiplicity of competing institutions. The former Soviet Union had the chance to foster strong personalities in continuum mechanics, e.g., L.I. Sedov, A.A. Ilyushin, A.Y. Ishlinsky, G.I. Barenblatt, V.V. Novozhilov, Y.N. Rabotnov, L.M. Kachanov, A.I. Lurie, I.A. Kunin, N.I. Mushkeshisvili, S.A. Amsbartsumian and many others. Their contributions in all fields of continuum mechanics and those of their disciples are surveyed albeit much too briefly. Their books, in contrast to their unevenly translated papers, had a world wide influence in the field. Some of the now much cultivated research fields find their origin in this country that experienced different political schemes (Russian Empire, Soviet Union, Russia, and the New Independent States) and went through difficult times.

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  1. Institut Jean Le Rond d’Alembert Université, Pierre et Marie Curie Place Jussieu 4, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France

    Gérard A. Maugin

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Maugin, G.A. (2013). The Soviet and Russian Schools. In: Continuum Mechanics Through the Twentieth Century. Solid Mechanics and Its Applications, vol 196. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6353-1_11

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