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Effect of Integrated Soil Fertility Management Technologies on the Performance of Millet in Niger: Understanding the Processes Using Simulation

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Improving Soil Fertility Recommendations in Africa using the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT)

Résumé

La faible fertilité des sols et la rareté des pluies sont les facteurs les plus limitatifs de la production agricole dans la zone soudano-Sahélienne en Afrique de l’Ouest. La région habite les populations les plus pauvres de la planète dont 90% vivent en milieu rural et tirent leur nourriture d’une agriculture de subsistance. Cependant, les rendements des céréales en général et du mil en particulier qui constituent la nourriture de base sont très faibles (300–400 kg/ha). La recherche a développé des technologies de gestion intégrée de la fertilité des sols mais elles n’ont pas été adoptées par les paysans. DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) est un outil incorporant des modèles de 16 différents types de cultures avec un logiciel facilitant l’évaluation et l’application des modèles de cultures pour différentes utilisations. Mais son utilisation requiert un minimum de données sur le climat, les sols, les cultures et aussi les données expérimentales. Les simulations obtenues à partir de ces données permettront aux chercheurs de développer beaucoup de résultats prometteurs en milieu paysan. Cette étude montre les interactions entre la fertilité des sols et les rendements de mil dans trois sites (Banizoumbou, Bengou et Karabedji) au Niger sur une périodes de 5 ans (2001–2005) et une simulation dans DSSAT sur l’azote.

Abstract

Low soil fertility and erratic rainfall are the most limiting factors to crop production, in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa. The region is the home of the world’s poorest people, 90% of whom live in villages and gain their livelihood from subsistence agriculture. However, yields of cereals in general, and millet in particular that constitute the staple food of rural people, are very low (300–400 kg/ha). Research has developed technologies of integrated soil fertility management, but resource poor farmers have not adopted them. DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) is a tool incorporating models of 16 different crops with software that facilitates the evaluation and application of crop models for different purposes. Its use requires a minimum data set on weather, soil, crop management and experimental data. The simulations from these data can help scientists to develop promising management options to improve farmer’s conditions. However, requirements for such model use is to evaluate its capabilities under farming ­situations, soils, and weather that are characteristic of the area where it will be used. This study was conducted to evaluate the DSSAT millet model capabilities for ­simulating the interactions between soil fertility and millet yields in three sites (Banizoumbou, Bengou and Karabedji) of Niger over 5 years (2001–2005) and ­different nitrogen management.

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Adamou, A., Tabo, R., Fatondji, D., Hassane, O., Bationo, A., Adam, T. (2012). Effect of Integrated Soil Fertility Management Technologies on the Performance of Millet in Niger: Understanding the Processes Using Simulation. In: Kihara, J., Fatondji, D., Jones, J., Hoogenboom, G., Tabo, R., Bationo, A. (eds) Improving Soil Fertility Recommendations in Africa using the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT). Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2960-5_7

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