Abstract
This chapter describes the progress that has been made in personalizing medicine in several fields other than cancer and cardiovascular disease. A brief review is given of the gene variants that help predict, diagnose and treat age-related macular degeneration, type 2 diabetes mellitus, psychiatric disorders, substance abuse, Alzheimer disease and age-related cognitive decline, asthma and other respiratory disorders. The chapter discusses the clinically useful tests that have already been developed, several promising early discoveries that must now be reevaluated, and a number of basic research discoveries that will provide the basis for developing clinically useful tests in the near future.
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Notes
- 1.
 MAOA resides on the X chromosome. Because males only have one copy of their X chromosome genes, mutations in MAOA are expected to affect males more often and more severely than females.
Further Readings
Bobb AJ, Castellanos FX, Addington AM, Rapoport JL (2005) Molecular genetic studies of ADHD: 1991 to 2004. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet Jan 5;132B(1):109–25
Faraone SV, Perlis RH, Doyle AE, Smoller JW, Goralnick JJ, Holmgren MA, Sklar P (2005) Molecular genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry Jun 1;57(11):1313–23
Lunshof JE, Bobe J, Aach J, Angrist M, Thakuria JV, Vorhaus DB, Hoehe MR, Church GM (2010) Personal genomes in progress: from the human genome project to the personal genome project. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 12(1):47–  60
Munafò MR, Freimer NB, Ng W, Ophoff R, Veijola J, Miettunen J, Järvelin MR, Taanila A, Flint J (2009) 5-HTTLPR genotype and anxiety-related personality traits: a meta-analysis and new data. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet Mar 5;150B(2):271– 81
Rubinsztein DC, Easton DF (1999) Apolipoprotein E genetic variation and Alzheimer’s disease. A meta-analysis. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord May-Jun;10(3):199 –209
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Sweet, K.M., Michaelis, R.C. (2011). Other Multifactorial Disorders for Which Genetic/Genomic Testing Is Providing Insights. In: The Busy Physician’s Guide To Genetics, Genomics and Personalized Medicine. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1147-1_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1147-1_7
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