Abstract
Spatial solitons are beams which do not diffract on propagation in a material due to the presence of some optical nonlinearity. Their properties were first documented by John Scott Russell when he reported his observations on non-spreading water waves which consisted of a single “hump” propagating in a canal in Scotland.[l] In the very early days of nonlinear optics, interest was quickly evoked by what were then called “self-focused filaments”, initiated by observations of self-focusing of powerful lasers in optical media, frequently leading to stable filaments or even material damage. [2,3] However it was not until the late 1990s that systematic experimental research into spatial solitons was initiated. [4] Since then there has been a surge of activity and many new solitons have been observed. [5–16]
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Stegeman, G.I. et al. (1999). Experiments on Quadratic Spatial Solitons. In: Boardman, A.D., Pavlov, L., Tanev, S. (eds) Advanced Photonics with Second-Order Optically Nonlinear Processes. NATO Science Series, vol 61. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0850-1_5
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