Abstract
Scientific research proceeds from problems to their supposed solutions, which in turn raise further problems. A typical research process goes through the stages of invention and testing. Its results are presented in theories; these justify the results and make them understandable. Theories often have applications, for instance in technology, commerce, social organizations and in teaching. Research is a cultural activity pursued in international co-operation among individuals and groups. It both follows traditions and renews them, and takes its direction according to both its internal logic and also external factors. The assumed direction at a certain time makes up the trend that is characteristic for science in general, or for a given discipline. Trends are typical ways of approaching problems and designing theories.
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Siitonen, A. (2010). State of the Art A Commentary on Wenceslao J. Gonzalez’ Contribution, “Trends and Problems in Philosophy of Social and Cultural Sciences: A European Perspective”. In: Stadler, F. (eds) The Present Situation in the Philosophy of Science. The Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9115-4_19
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