Abstract
Dysregulation of cholesterol balance contributes significantly to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), the leading cause of death in the United States. The intestine has the unique capability to act as a gatekeeper for entry of cholesterol into the body, and inhibition of intestinal cholesterol absorption is now widely regarded as an attractive non-statin therapeutic strategy for ASCVD prevention. In this chapter we discuss the current state of knowledge regarding sterol transport across the intestinal brush border membrane. The purpose of this work is to summarize substantial progress made in the last decade in regards to protein-mediated sterol trafficking, and to discuss this in the context of human disease.
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Abbreviations
- ABC:
-
ATP-binding cassette transporter
- Apo:
-
Apolipoprotein
- ASCVD:
-
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
- CD36:
-
Cluster determinant 36
- ER:
-
Endoplasmic reticulum
- HDL:
-
High density lipoprotein
- HNF4α:
-
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha
- LDL:
-
Low density lipoprotein
- LDL-C:
-
Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol
- LXR:
-
Liver X receptor
- NPC1:
-
Niemann-Pick C1
- NPC1L1:
-
Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1
- PPAR:
-
Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor
- SCAP:
-
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-cleavage activating protein
- SR-BI:
-
Scavenger receptor class B type I
- SREBP:
-
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein
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Acknowledgements
Dr. Mark Brown is supported by a career transition award (1K99HL096166-01) generously provided by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Dr. Liqing Yu is supported by a Scientist Development Grant (#0635261Â N) from the American Heart Association, and by funds generously provided by the Department of Pathology of Wake Forest University Health Sciences.
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Brown, J.M., Yu, L. (2010). Protein Mediators of Sterol Transport Across Intestinal Brush Border Membrane. In: Harris, J. (eds) Cholesterol Binding and Cholesterol Transport Proteins:. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 51. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8622-8_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8622-8_12
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