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The Potential Impact of Climate Change on Endophyte Infections in Kelp Sporophytes

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Seaweeds and their Role in Globally Changing Environments

Part of the book series: Cellular Origin, Life in Extreme Habitats and Astrobiology ((COLE,volume 15))

Abstract

There is a strong scientific consensus that coastal marine ecosystems are threatened by global climate change. These ecosystems are particularly vulnerable as many disturbances act at the terrestrial–marine interface and are predicted to increase, such as increased land run-off after floods or higher wave energies owing to increased storm frequency (Helmuth et al., 2006; IPCC, 2007). An alarming decrease in the density and biomass of canopy-forming kelps has been reported worldwide (Dayton et al., 1999; Steneck et al., 2002; Connell et al., 2008) and recent European monitoring programs indicate substantial losses of Laminaria digitata in France (Morizur, 2001) and of Saccharina latissima (formerly L. saccharina) along the Southwest coast of Norway and Sweden (survey in 1996–2006, Norwegian Institute for Water Research, 2007) and on the German island Helgoland (Pehlke and Bartsch, 2008). For instance, the losses of S. latissima at the Norwegian West and Skagerrak coasts are estimated to be 50% and 90%, respectively. Here, the decline in kelp abundance is most pronounced in sheltered waters, where the kelp forest in large areas has been replaced by a silty turf community dominated by filamentous algae. Anthropogenic influences, such as eutrophication and global climate change, have been postulated as possible causes for the loss of canopy-forming kelps. However, substantial scientific evidence is still lacking.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physical Oceanography and Instrumentation, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, 18119, Germany

    Anja Eggert

  2. Bezhin Rosko, Roscoff, 29680, France

    Akira F. Peters

  3. Scottish Association of Marine Science, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, Scotland, UK

    Frithjof C. Küpper

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  1. Anja Eggert
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  2. Akira F. Peters
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  3. Frithjof C. Küpper
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Correspondence to Anja Eggert .

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  1. University of Jerusalem, Mevo Hadas 20, Efrat, 90435, Israel

    Joseph Seckbach

  2. Blue Ecosystems, Hagat Street 26, Zichron Yaakov, 30900, Israel

    Rachel Einav

  3. Limnological Research, Israel Oceanographic &, Haifa, Israel

    Alvaro Israel

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Eggert, A., Peters, A.F., Küpper, F.C. (2010). The Potential Impact of Climate Change on Endophyte Infections in Kelp Sporophytes. In: Seckbach, J., Einav, R., Israel, A. (eds) Seaweeds and their Role in Globally Changing Environments. Cellular Origin, Life in Extreme Habitats and Astrobiology, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8569-6_9

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