Abstract
This Chapter examines the main international governance body concerned with the funding of adaptation to climate change: the UNFCCC, an international agreement which gave rise to the Kyoto Protocol; the UNFCCC’s financial mechanism, the Global Environmental Facility; and the funds specifically created to finance adaptation. First investigated is the rationale and the different objectives and options for funding adaptation. Then the attention turns to the instruments governing adaptation funding under the UNFCCC regime: the GEF Trust Fund, the GEF Strategy and Priority on Adaptation, the Special Climate Change Fund, the Least Developed Countries Fund, and the Adaptation Fund. Finally, the Chapter also outlines financing options alternative to the UNFCCC regime.
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Notes
- 1.
It includes: small island countries; countries with low-lying coastal areas; countries with arid and semi-arid areas, forested areas and areas liable to forest decay; countries with areas prone to natural disasters; countries with areas liable to drought and desertification; countries with areas of high urban atmospheric pollution; countries with areas with fragile ecosystems, including mountainous ecosystems; countries whose economies are highly dependent on income generated from the production, processing and export, and/or on consumption of fossil fuels and associated energy-intensive products; and land-locked and transit countries.
- 2.
Calculations from OECD Development Co-operation Directorate (DCD-DAC) statistics.
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Grasso, M. (2010). The International Institutions and Instruments Governing Adaptation Funding. In: Justice in Funding Adaptation under the International Climate Change Regime. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3439-7_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3439-7_5
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