Skip to main content

Technology of Rammed-Earth Constructions (“Tapial”) in Andalusia (Spain): Their Restoration and Conservation

  • Chapter
Materials, Technologies and Practice in Historic Heritage Structures

Abstract

We should begin our study of this type of construction by analysing the various definitions of tapial. Some authors have used the term tapialto describe almost all large-scale primitive constructions with earth, whilst others associate the expression with the use of earth as a building material, and consider it similar to adobe (Sánchez Hernández et al. 2000 ).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Algorri García E, Vázquez Espí M (1991) Rehabilitación del Castillo de Toral de los Guzmanes, León. Jornadas sobre restauración y conservación de monumentos, Instituto de Conservación y Restauración de Bienes Culturales, Ministerio de Cultura, pp 149–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Bazzana A, Guichard P (1987) La construction en terre dans l´Espagne musulmane: les tâbiyas. Le patrimonie européen construit en terre et sa rehabilitation. Colloque international Vaux-en-Velin, France, pp 99–115

    Google Scholar 

  • Cañas Guerrero I, Martin Ocaña S, González Requena I (2005) Termal-physical aspects of materials used for the construction of rural buildings in Soria (Spain). Construction and Building Materials 19:197–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cuchí i Burgos A (1996) La técnica tradicional del tapial. Actas del Primer Congreso Nacional de Historia de la Construcción, Madrid (Spain), pp 159–165

    Google Scholar 

  • de la Torre López MJ (1995) Estudio de los materiales de construcción en la Alhambra. PhD Thesis, Monográfica Arte y Arqueología n. 28, Granada University, Spain

    Google Scholar 

  • de la Torre López MJ, Rodríguez Gordillo J, Sebastián Pardo E (1991) Presencia de yeso en morteros y hormigones nazaríes en la Alhambra. Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Mineralogía 14:3–4

    Google Scholar 

  • de la Torre López MJ, Sebastián Pardo E, Rodríguez Gordillo J (1996) A study of the wall material in the Alhambra (Granada, Spain). Cement and Concrete Research 26:825–839

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall M (2007) Assessing the environmental performance of stablished rammed earth wall using a climatic simulation chamber, Building and Environment 42(1):139–145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall M, Djerbib Y (2004) Moisture ingress in rammed earth: Part 1—The effect of soil particle-size distribution on the rate of capillary suction. Construction and Building Materials 18:269–280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall M, Djerbib Y (2006a) Moisture ingress in rammed earth: Part 2—The effect of soil particlesize distribution on the absorption of static pressure-driven water. Construction and Building Materials 20:374–383

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall M, Djerbib Y (2006b) Moisture ingress in rammed earth: Part 3—Sorptivity, surface receptiveness and surface inflow velocity. Construction and Building Materials 20:384–395

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ICCET-Instituto de Ciencias de la Construcción “Eduardo Torroja” (1987) La tierra, material de construcción. Monografía n. 385, C.S.I.C., Madrid, Spain

    Google Scholar 

  • Jayasinghe C, Kamaladasa N (2007) Compressive strength characteristics of cement stabilized rammed earth walls. Construction and Building Materials 21:1971–1976

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jiménez Delgado MC, Cañas Guerrero I (2006) Earth building in Spain. Construction and Building Materials 20:679–690

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malpica A (1992) Complejo hidráulico de los Albercones (Alhambra, Granada). Cuadernos de la Alhambra 27:65–101

    Google Scholar 

  • Naval Mas A (1990) Restauración y mantenimiento de las casas de labranza del Somontano en el Alto Aragón (España). Diputación General de Aragón, Spain

    Google Scholar 

  • Ontiveros Ortega E (1995) Estudio de los materiales empleados en la construcción de los tapiales de las Murallas de Granada. PhD Thesis, Granada University, Spain

    Google Scholar 

  • Ontiveros Ortega E, Sebastián Pardo E, Valverde I (1999) Deterioration in XI–XIV century Arab ramparts (Granada, Spain). Materials and Structures 32:45–51

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parra Saldivar ML, Batty W (2006) Thermal behaviour of adobe constructions. Building and Environment 41:1892–1904

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pineda Piñon J, Vega Durán JT, Manzano Ramírez A, Pérez Robles JF, Balmori Ramírez H, Hernández Landaverde MA (2007) Enhancement of mechanical and hydrophobic properties of adobes for building industry by the addition of polymeric agents. Building and Environment 42:877–883

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salmerón P (1999) The Alhambra. Structure and Lanscape. Caja General de Ahorros de Granada, Spain

    Google Scholar 

  • Sánchez Hernández R, Suárez Barrios M, Martín Pozas JM (2000) Caracterización de materiales antiguos de construcción (tapial y adobe) en las iglesias de Cisneros, Villada y Boada de Campos (Palencia). Materiales de Construcción 50:33–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sebastián Pardo E (2001) Architettura in terra: conservazione delle antiche murature in terra moresche. In: Morandotti M (ed) Progettare la complessità: saperi e tecniche a confronto. Edizioni ETS, Pisa (Italy), pp 137–143

    Google Scholar 

  • Sebastián Pardo E, Rodríguez Navarro C (1996) Contaminación ambiental y degradación del Patrimonio Arquitectónico: formación de costras negras en materiales pétreos ornamentales. Ajimez 1:4–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Sebastián Pardo E, de la Torre MJ, Elert K, Rodríguez Navarro C (2000) The Alhambra and Granada Catedral: study of materials, their decay and conservation. Technical guide. 5th inter national symposium on the conservation of monuments in the mediterranean Basin, Seville, Spain

    Google Scholar 

  • Sowden AM (1990) The maintenance of brick and stone masonry structures. Spon Press, London, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Torres Balbás L (1981) Obra dispersa. I. Al-Andalus. Crónica de la España Musulmana Ed. Instituto de España, Madrid, Spain

    Google Scholar 

  • UNI EN 12370 (2001) Metodi di prova per pietre naturali. Determinazione della resistenza alla cristallizazione dei sali. Rome, Italy

    Google Scholar 

  • UNI EN 12371 (2003) Metodi di prova per pietre naturali. Determinazione della resistenza al gelo. Rome, Italy

    Google Scholar 

  • Valverde Espinosa I, Ontiveros Ortega E, Sebastián Pardo E (1997) El tapial de las murallas de Granada. Revista de edificación 26:58–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Warren J (1999) Conservation of earth structures. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sebastián, E., Cultrone, G. (2010). Technology of Rammed-Earth Constructions (“Tapial”) in Andalusia (Spain): Their Restoration and Conservation. In: Dan, M.B., Přikryl, R., Török, Á. (eds) Materials, Technologies and Practice in Historic Heritage Structures. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2684-2_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2684-2_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-2683-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-90-481-2684-2

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics