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PTH and PTHrP: Nonclassical Targets

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Hypoparathyroidism

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Abstract

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and the polyhormone parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) play key roles in organs not classically related to the maintenance of bone and mineral metabolism. Indeed, they exert their actions through binding the PTH/PTHrP receptor, namely, PTH1R, which is expressed in several tissues other than kidney and bone. While PTH acts as a real hormone and displays endocrine actions, PTHrP acts mainly as a paracrine/autocrine factor, regulating cell proliferation and specific functions, both in development and physiopathology. Circulating PTH has been shown to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells both in vitro and in vivo, in animals and humans, and shows promising regenerative properties in damaged tissues after ischemia/reperfusion. Specific forms of PTHrP retained within the cell play key roles in the control of cell cycle and could be addressed to control abnormal proliferation in diseases such as cancer or the initial stages of atherosclerosis. Totally unexpected properties in sustaining innate immunity have recently been demonstrated for PTH, which in concert with 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D elicit the production of antimicrobial antigens in response to pathogens in the skin barrier. Translational studies are needed in order to confirm the importance of these mechanisms in humans and to assess whether the intermittent administration of PTH could elicit specific actions in vivo.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unit of Bone and Mineral Metabolism, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, Florence, 50139, Italy

    Luisella Cianferotti MD, PhD

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  1. Luisella Cianferotti MD, PhD
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Correspondence to Luisella Cianferotti MD, PhD .

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  1. Unit of Metabolic and Bone Diseases, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

    Maria Luisa Brandi

  2. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Edward Meigs Brown

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Cianferotti, L. (2015). PTH and PTHrP: Nonclassical Targets. In: Brandi, M., Brown, E. (eds) Hypoparathyroidism. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5376-2_12

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