Riassunto
Le miocarditi, definite come “infiammazioni del miocardio”, sono secondarie più frequentemente a infezioni virali o a processi autoimmunitari. Recenti studi postmortem hanno identificato la miocardite come causa di morte improvvisa nel 12% dei giovani adulti ed un loro ruolo eziologico in circa il 9% delle cardiomiopatie dilatative [1]. La presentazione clinica delle miocarditi è estremamente variabile, dall’astenia all’insufficienza cardiaca congestizia fulminante fino alla morte improvvisa. Quando associate a coinvolgimento del pericardio, la sintomatologia dolorosa acuta retrosternale frequentemente simula una sindrome coronarica acuta, da cui le miocarditi devono essere differenziate. L’attuale gold standard diagnostico è la biopsia endomiocardica; tuttavia tale procedura è invasiva, con rischi non irrilevanti, e possiede elevata sensibilità, ma bassa specificità [1]: è pertanto auspicabile disporre di una tecnica non invasiva che possa guidare alla diagnosi ed essere utile nel follow-up di questa patologia estremamente frequente.
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De Cobelli, F., Esposito, A., Mellone, R., Del Maschio, A. (2010). Malattie infiammatorie del miocardio. In: Risonanza magnetica cardiaca. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1694-1_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1694-1_14
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