Estratto
La nutrizione parenterale (NP) viene utilizzata allo scopo di prevenire o trattare deficit nutrizionali in casi in cui l’apporto energetico e di nutrienti non può essere garantito da un’alimentazione per via orale o enterale. Le indicazioni all’uso della nutrizione artificiale in età pediatrica fanno ancora riferimento a studi condotti prevalentemente in pazienti adulti e si basano sulle opinioni di esperti in tale ambito [1, 2]. Anche per quanto riguarda il confronto tra l’efficacia dell’approccio nutrizionale per via enterale rispetto alla via parenterale sono stati condotti pochi studi in età pediatrica, mentre sono disponibili dati ricavati da studi condotti a tale scopo in adulti. Nell’approccio alla nutrizione in ambito pediatrico occorre considerare che nei bambini l’alimentazione deve assicurare non solo un apporto energetico e di nutrienti adeguato al mantenimento di un buon trofismo tessutale, ma anche permettere un regolare accrescimento corporeo, in particolare nella prima infanzia e nell’adolescenza, periodi in cui è massima la velocità di crescita.
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Savino, F., Lupica, M.M., Liguori, S.A., Miniero, R. (2009). Indicazioni alla nutrizione parenterale. In: Nutrizione parenterale in pediatria. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1380-3_8
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