Abstract
Gallstones are one of the most prevalent and costly digestive diseases [1]. About 75% of the gallstones in the United States and other westernized countries are cholesterol gallstones, which are subclassified as either pure cholesterol or mixed stones that contain at least half cholesterol by weight. The remaining gallstones are pigment stones that contain mostly calcium bilirubinate and are subclassied into two groups: black pigment stones (20%) and brown pigment stones (5%).
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Portincasa, P., Moschetta, A., Puglisi, F., Borracino, L., Wang, D.Q.H. (2008). Medical Treatment of Gallstone Disease. In: Biliary Lithiasis. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0763-5_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0763-5_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
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