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The Mammalian Neural Circadian System: From Molecules to Behaviour

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Biological Timekeeping: Clocks, Rhythms and Behaviour

Abstract

Circadian rhythms pervade all aspects of mammalian physiology and behaviour, providing a near 24 h temporal architecture for all major brain and body systems. Mammalian chronobiology research has focused on nocturnal laboratory rodent models, and this has yielded valuable insight into the neural basis of circadian timekeeping. This has identified the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) as the dominant circadian pacemaker and characterised its neurophysiology, neurochemistry, and potential mechanisms of behavioural control. However, nocturnality is only one of four possible temporal niches, and understanding of the neural circadian system in diurnal, crepuscular, and cathemeral mammalian species is very much in its infancy. In this chapter, we review the fundamental properties of the neural circadian system in nocturnal rodents and then compare this with what is known about neural timekeeping in diurnal species. Through this, we identify gaps in our knowledge and key problems to investigate in order to gain a more complete understanding of circadian control of behaviour and physiology, particularly with regard to temporal niche preference.

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Funding

BBO is funded by Fundacion Seneca 19701/PD/14 and HDP by project grants from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) (BB/M02329X and BB/L007665).

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  1. Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PT, Manchester, UK

    Beatriz Bano-Otalora & Hugh D. Piggins

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  1. Beatriz Bano-Otalora
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  2. Hugh D. Piggins
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Correspondence to Hugh D. Piggins .

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  1. Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

    Vinod Kumar

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Bano-Otalora, B., Piggins, H.D. (2017). The Mammalian Neural Circadian System: From Molecules to Behaviour. In: Kumar, V. (eds) Biological Timekeeping: Clocks, Rhythms and Behaviour. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3688-7_12

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