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Plant Secretomics: Unique Initiatives

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PlantOmics: The Omics of Plant Science

Abstract

Plant secretomics is an emerging subfield of proteomics studying proteins globally secreted into the extracellular space (apoplast) by plant cells at defined time under constitutive or induced conditions. Plant secretome has important biological functions in cell wall structure formation, cell-to-cell interaction, extracellular/intracellular signal relay and appropriate cellular response to environmental stimuli. It also regulates the ability or inability of the host to trigger the defence system against the invading pathogen. Defence proteins are secreted via a classical pathway involving N-terminal signal peptide which directs the protein to the ER for routing, modification and subsequent secretion involving the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–Golgi–trans-Golgi network (TGN)–plasma membrane system. Plant secretome has an increasing number of proteins following unconventional, ER–Golgi-independent or ‘leaderless’ apoplastic protein secretion mechanisms. Nonconventional mechanisms would be necessary if the presence of a protein in the ER/Golgi disrupts ER functioning or has multiple functions, each occurring in different cellular compartment. A large number of apoplastic leaderless secretome proteins have been identified that play an important role under salinity, low temperature, ion homeostasis and pathogen invasion. Characterisation of secretome is a formidable task, and success can be obliged to the advancement in biochemical, proteomic techniques, mass spectroscopy and bioinformatics. Advanced proteomic technologies established detailed secretome profiles from normal and stressed cell types at a faster pace. Discrimination of the true secretome from those released under environmental stresses is a big challenge. It warrants improved strategies to investigate the secretomes with high sensitivity and reproducibility. The comprehensive mechanisms regulating constitutive and induced secretome of diverse plants and their habitat are future perspective.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to Dr. Javed Ahmed, Assistant Professor, King Saud University, and Dr. Abhishek Ojha, Postdoctoral Fellow, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, for providing us the literatures for consultation and their timely and useful suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Harayana, Gurgaon, Haryana, India

    Neelam Yadav Ph.D., S. M. Paul Khurana Ph.D. & Dinesh K. Yadav Ph.D.

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  1. Neelam Yadav Ph.D.
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  2. S. M. Paul Khurana Ph.D.
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  3. Dinesh K. Yadav Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Neelam Yadav Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genomics, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, West Bengal, India

    Debmalya Barh

  2. University of Agriculture, Centre of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Sarwar Khan

  3. Department of Plant Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA

    Eric Davies

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Yadav, N., Khurana, S.M.P., Yadav, D.K. (2015). Plant Secretomics: Unique Initiatives. In: Barh, D., Khan, M., Davies, E. (eds) PlantOmics: The Omics of Plant Science. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2172-2_12

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