Abstract
This chapter consists of two sections, providing an overview of systematics and the Japanese fauna of Ophiuroidea (brittle stars and basket stars), the most diverse class of living Echinodermata. The first section presents their body plan and the history of systematic research, with a special emphasis on the order Euryalida as an example of well-studied subtaxa. The second section describes the biodiversity of ophiuroids in Japanese waters based on a comprehensive bibliographic survey of existing literature. Currently, 342 species in 120 genera and 18 families are known from Japan, which constitutes three quarters of the number of species recorded from the North Pacific area. Of the five biogeographic zones, the temperate zone contains the highest number of species (218), with similar numbers occurring in the subtropical zone (203), including elements of the highly diverse Indo-West Pacific fauna. The number of species from middle-temperate zone (111) are also relatively high, but in other northern zones, including the cool-temperate zone (16) and subarctic zone (27), the diversity is low.
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Acknowledgements
I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Gordon Hendler, Dr. Christopher Mah, Dr. David Pawson, and Dr. Sabine Stöhr for critically reading the manuscript and constructive comments. Part of the work for this chapter was supported by grants from the Research Institute of Marine Invertebrates (Tokyo, Japan), the Showa Seitoku Memorial Foundation, the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (Scientific Research [B] No. 20310144, [C] No. 22570104 and Research Fellowships for Young Scientists No. 22506). This work was also a contribution of the project “Study on Deep-Sea Fauna and Conservation of Deep-Sea and Adjacent Coastal Areas: Origin of Influential Factors” and “Studies on the Origin of Biodiversity in the Sagami Sea: Fossa Magna Element and the Izu–Ogasawara Arc” conducted by the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo.
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Appendix 1
Appendix 1
Species list of Japanese Ophiuroidea. Classifications followed Smith et al. (1995) and Stöhr et al. (2014). Numbers in column of climate regions indicate references as follows: (1) Baranova (1964), (2) Djakonov (1954), (3) Döderlein (1902), (4) Döderlein (1911), (5) Döderlein (1927), (6) Döderlein (1930), (7) Fujita (1996), (8) Fujita et al. (1997), (9) Fujita (1998), (10) Fujita and Saba (2000), (11) Fujita and Hendler (2001), (12) Fujita (2003), (13) Fujita and Kohtsuka (2003), (14) Fujita et al. (2004), (15) Fujita and Irimurra (2005), (16) Fujita et al. (2006), (17) Fujita et al. (2009), (18) Fujita et al. (2014), (19) Clark (1908), (20) Clark (1911), (21) Clark (1915), (22) Irimura (1968b), (23) Irimura (1969), (24) Irimura (1979), (25) Irimura (1981), (26) Irimura (1982), (27) Irimura (1990), (28) Irimura (1991), (29) Irimura and Kubodera (1998), (30) Irimura and Yoshino (1999), (31) Irimura et al. (2001), (32) Irimura and Tachikawa (2002), (33) Ishida et al. (2001), (34) Jangoux et al. (1987), (35) Koehler (1907), (36) Komatsu et al. (2007), (37) Lyman (1879), (38) Lyman (1882), (39) Matsumoto (1911), (40) Matsumoto (1912a), (41) Matsumoto (1912b), (42) Matsumoto (1912c), (43) Matsumoto (1912d), (44) Matsumoto (1915), (45) Matsumoto (1917), (46) Matsumoto (1918), (47) Matsumoto (1941), (48) McKnight (2000), (49) Mortensen (1911), (50) Mortensen (1927), (51) Mortensen (1933), (52) Murakami (1942), (53) Murakami (1943a), (54) Murakami (1943c), (55) Murakami (1943b), (56) Murakami (1944b), (57) Murakami (1963a), (58) Nomura (1993), (59) Okanishi and Fujita (2009), (60) Okanishi et al. (2011d), (61) Okanishi and Fujita (2011a), (62) Okanishi and Fujita (2011b), (63) Okanishi et al. (2011c), (64) Okanishi and Fujita (2014a), (65) Rho and Kim (1966), (66) Rho and Shin 1987, (67) Rho and Shin (1983), (68) Rowe and Gates (1995), (69) Saba et al. (1982), (70) Shin and Rho (1996), (71) Verrill (1869).
Order | Family | Species | Subtropical | Temperate | Middle temperate | Cool temperate | Subarctic | ? | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Euryalida | Asteronychidae | Asteronyx | loveni | Müller & Troshel 1842 | 63 | 39 | 28 | 43, 45 | 2, 50 | |||
Asteronyx | niger | Djakonov 1954 | 2 | |||||||||
Astrodia | abyssicola | Lyman 1879 | 64 | |||||||||
Asteroschematidae | Asteroschema | ferox | Koehler 1904 | 15 | ||||||||
Asteroschema | glaucum | Matsumoto 1911 | 21, 39, 44 | |||||||||
Asteroschema | hemigymnum | Matsumoto 1911 | 21, 39, 45 | |||||||||
Asteroschema | tubiferum | Matsumoto 1911 | 29 | 39 | ||||||||
Asteroschema | yaeyamensis | Murakami 1944 | 55 | |||||||||
Astrocharis | ijimai | Matsumoto 1911 | 28 | 39, 44, 45 | ||||||||
Astrocharis | monospinosa | Matsumoto 1911 | 62 | |||||||||
Ophiocreas | abyssicola | Lyman 1879 | 38 | 37 | ||||||||
Ophiocreas | caudatus | Lyman 1879 | 4, 27, 34, 37, 38, 39, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiocreas | glutinosum | Döderlein 1911 | 4, 34, 41, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiocreas | japonicus | Koehler 1907 | 4, 19, 21, 34, 35, 39, 45, 48 | |||||||||
Squamophis | amamiensis | Okanishi & Fujita 2009 | 59 | |||||||||
Euryalidae | Astroceras | annulatum | Mortensen 1933a | 25, 32, 51, 63, 69 | 5, 23, 26, 45, 51, 56, 66, 70 | |||||||
Astroceras | calix | Murakami 1944 | 55 | |||||||||
Astroceras | compar | Koehler 1904 | 51, 63 | |||||||||
Astroceras | coniunctum | Murakami 1944 | 55 | |||||||||
Astroceras | paucispinum | Murakami 1944 | 55 | |||||||||
Astroceras | pergamenum | Lyman 1879 | 25 | 5, 21, 23, 26, 37, 39, 42, 45 | 20 | |||||||
Euryale | aspera | Lamarck 1816 | 45 | 38 | ||||||||
Sthenocephalus | anoplus | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 21, 29, 45, 51 | |||||||||
Trichaster | acanthifer | Döderlein 1927 | ? | 4 | ||||||||
Trichaster | flagellifer | von Martens 1866 | 22, 25, 45 | 23, 56 | ||||||||
Trichaster | palmiferus | (Lamarck 1816) | 20 | |||||||||
Gorgonocephalidae | Asteroporpa | (Asteroporpa) | hadracantha | H.L. Clark 1911 | 25, 32, 55, 63 | 4, 6, 20, 21, 26, 28, 41, 45, 51 | ||||||
Asteroporpa | (Astromoana) | koyoae | Okanishi & Fujita 2011a | 61 | ||||||||
Asteroporpa | (Astromoana) | muricatopatella | Okanishi & Fujita 2011a | 61 | ||||||||
Astroboa | arctos | Matsumoto 1915 | 22, 69 | 23, 26, 28, 44, 45, 56 | 33 | |||||||
Astroboa | globifera | (Döderlein 1902) | 29 | 3, 4, 45 | ||||||||
Astroboa | nuda | (Lyman 1874) | 4 | 4 | ||||||||
Astrochele | laevis | H.L. Clark 1911 | 18 | 2 | ||||||||
Astrochele | pacifica | Okanishi et al. 2011 | 60 | |||||||||
Astrocladus | annulatus | (Matsumoto 1912) | 22, 25, 29 | 23, 41 | 33 | |||||||
Astrocladus | coniferus | (Döderlein 1902) | 3, 4, 22, 35, 34, 55 | 3, 20, 21, 23, 26, 27, 34, 41, 45, 56, 65, 69 | 13, 14, 24, 33, | |||||||
Astrocladus | exiguus | (Lamarck 1816) | 20, 25 | 68 | ||||||||
Astrocladus | ludwigi | (Doderlein 1896) | 66 | |||||||||
Astroclon | propugnatoris | Lyman 1879 | 29, 51, 56 | |||||||||
Astroclon | suensoni | Mortensen 1911 | 6 | 49 | ||||||||
Astrocrius | murrayi | (Lyman 1879) | 4 | |||||||||
Astrocrius | sobrinus | (Matsumoto 1912) | 4, 6, 40, 44, 45 | |||||||||
Astrodendrum | sagaminum | (Döderlein 1902) | 20, 29, 55 | 3, 4, 5, 26, 28, 34, 45 | 33 | |||||||
Astroglymma | sculptum | (Döderlein 1896) | 25, 55, 63 | |||||||||
Astrohelix | bellator | paucidens | (Mortensen 1933a) | 51 | ||||||||
Astrohelix | bellator | bellator | (Koehler 1904) | 55 | ||||||||
Astrothamnus | echinaceus | (Matsumoto 1912) | 51 | 41, 44 | ||||||||
Astrothorax | misakiensis | Döderlein 1911 | 4, 6, 34 | |||||||||
Astrothrombus | chrysanthi | ornatus | Mortensen 1933 | 51 | 18 | |||||||
Astrothrombus | chrysanthi | chrysanthi | Matsumoto 1918 | 46 | ||||||||
Gorgonocephalus | dolichodactylus | Döderlein 1911 | 28 | 4, 33, 34, 45 | ||||||||
Gorgonocephalus | eucnemis | (Müller & Troschel 1842) | 3, 4, 27, 34, 45 | 24, 33 | 5 | 1, 2, 71 | ||||||
Gorgonocephalus | tuberosus | Döderlein 1902 | 3, 4, 27, 33, 34, 67 | 13 | ||||||||
Ophiurida | Amphilepididae | Amphilepis | pycnostoma | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | 8 | ||||||
Amphilepis | tenuis | Lyman 1879 | 45 | |||||||||
Histampica | umbonata | (Matsumoto 1915) | 45 | |||||||||
Amphiuridae | Amphiodia | crateodoneta | H.L. Clark 1911 | 13, 28 | 45 | |||||||
Amphiodia | fissa | H.L. Clark 1911 | 33 | |||||||||
Amphioplus | (Amphichilus) | trichoides | Matsumoto 1917 | 23, 45, 69 | 32, 54 | |||||||
Amphioplus | (Amphioplus) | ancistrotus | H.L. Clark 1911 | 8, 26, 28, 31, 45 | 45 | |||||||
Amphioplus | (Amphioplus) | macraspis | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 28, 45 | 7 | 45 | ||||||
Amphioplus | (Amphioplus) | psilochora | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | ||||||||
Amphioplus | (Amphioplus) | rhadinobrachius | H.L. Clark 1911 | 8, 26, 28, 45 | 18 | |||||||
Amphioplus | (Lymanella) | depressus | (Ljungman 1867) | 32 | ||||||||
Amphioplus | (Lymanella) | japonicus | (Matsumoto 1915) | 15, 25, 45 | 23, 26, 31, 69 | 45, 47 | ||||||
Amphioplus | (Lymanella) | laevis | (Lyman 1874) | 25 | 45, 69 | 14, 54 | ||||||
Amphioplus | (Unioplus) | cernunus | (Lyman 1879) | 45 | ||||||||
Amphioplus | (Unioplus) | glauca | (Lyman1879) | 8, 28, 45 | ||||||||
Amphioplus | asterictus | H.L. Clark 1915 | 69 | 13 | ||||||||
Amphioplus | diactitus | Murakami 1943 | 54, 69 | |||||||||
Amphioplus | euryaspis | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | 33 | 45 | |||||||
Amphioplus | hexacanthus | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | |||||||||
Amphipholis | kochii | Lütken 1872 | 23, 45, 69 | 13, 24, 47 | 36, 45 | |||||||
Amphipholis | microdiscoida | H.L. Clark 1915 | 18 | |||||||||
Amphipholis | microdiscus | (Lütken 1856) | 45 | 13 | ||||||||
Amphipholis | pugetana | Lyman 1860 | 45, 47 | 45 | 45 | |||||||
Amphipholis | sobrina | Matsumoto 1917 | 9 | 45 | 18 | |||||||
Amphipholis | tetracantha | Matsumoto 1941 | 33, 47 | |||||||||
Amphipholis | squamata | (Delle Chiaje 1828) | 15, 25, 32, 45 | 23, 26, 31, 45, 69 | 10, 24 | |||||||
Amphistigma | minuta | H.L. Clark 1938 | 9 | |||||||||
Amphiura | (Amphiura) | acrystata | H.L. Clark 1911 | 8, 26 | ||||||||
Amphiura | (Amphiura) | diastata | (Murakami 1942) | 52 | ||||||||
Amphiura | (Amphiura) | digitula | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 31, 45 | 45 | |||||||
Amphiura | (Amphiura) | duncani | Lyman 1882 | 23 | 14 | 45 | ||||||
Amphiura | (Amphiura) | euopla | H.L. Clark 1911 | 23, 26, 28, 31, 45, 69 | 18 | |||||||
Amphiura | (Amphiura) | grandisquama | Lyman 1869 | 15 | 8, 47 | |||||||
Amphiura | (Amphiura) | leptotata | H.L. Clark 1915 | 32 | ||||||||
Amphiura | (Amphiura) | macraspis | H.L. Clark 1911 | 8 | ||||||||
Amphiura | (Amphiura) | micraspis | H.L. Clark 1911 | 8, 23, 45 | 14 | |||||||
Amphiura | (Amphiura) | trachydisca | H.L. Clark 1911 | 15 | 8, 26, 28, 45, | |||||||
Amphiura | (Fellaria) | ecnomiotata | H.L. Clark 1911 | 8, 25 | ||||||||
Amphiura | (Fellaria) | octacantha | H.L. Clark 1915 | 58 | 52 | |||||||
Amphiura | (Fellaria) | vadicola | Matsumoto 1915 | 25, 45 | 13 | |||||||
Amphiura | (Ophiopeltis) | aestuarii | Matsumoto 1915 | 23, 45, 69 | 54 | |||||||
Amphiura | acacia | Lyman 1879 | 45 | |||||||||
Amphiura | acrystata | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | 45 | 45 | |||||||
Amphiura | bellis | Lyman 1879 | 45 | 8, 45 | ||||||||
Amphiura | carchara | H.L. Clark 1911 | 8, 45 | |||||||||
Amphiura | iridoides | Matsumoto 1917 | 15 | 23, 45, 69 | 18 | |||||||
Amphiura | kandai | Murakami 1942 | 31 | 14 | ||||||||
Amphiura | koreae | Duncan 1879 | 45 | 8, 28, 45 | 7, 13, 28, 45 | |||||||
Amphiura | leptobrachia | H.L. Clark 1915 | 52 | 33 | ||||||||
Amphiura | pachybactra | Murakami 1942 | 52 | |||||||||
Amphiura | psilopora | H.L. Clark 1911 | 18 | |||||||||
Amphiura | sinicola | Matsumoto 1915 | 69 | 33, 47 | ||||||||
Amphiura | syntaracha | H.L. Clark 1915 | 23 | 24 | ||||||||
Dougaloplus | acanthinus | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 8, 28, 45 | |||||||||
Dougaloplus | dividua | (Matsumoto 1917) | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiocentrus | koehleri | Gislen 1926 | 32 | 31 | 14 | |||||||
Ophiocentrus | tokiokai | Irimurra 1981 | 25 | |||||||||
Ophiocentrus | verticillatus | (Döderlein 1896) | 23, 69 | |||||||||
Ophiodaphne | formata | (Koehler 1905) | 25 | 31 | ||||||||
Hemieuryalidae | Ophiomoeris | nodosa | (Koehler 1905) | 55 | ||||||||
Ophiomoeris | obstricta | (Lyman 1878) | 28, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiacanthidae | Ophiacantha | acanthinotata | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | 16, 45 | 33 | ||||||
Ophiacantha | adiaphora | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | 7 | 45 | |||||||
Ophiacantha | aenigmatica | Matsumoto 1917 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiacantha | bathybia | H.L. Clark 1911 | 28 | |||||||||
Ophiacantha | bidentata | (Bruzelius 1905) | 45 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiacantha | dallasii | Duncan 1879 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiacantha | duplex | Koehler 1897 | 45 | 69 | 33 | |||||||
Ophiacantha | levispina | Lyman 1878 | 8, 15, 25, 28, 29, 45 | 26, 31, 45, 69 | 33 | |||||||
Ophiacantha | lophobrachia | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiacantha | omoplata | H.L. Clark 1911 | 13, 28 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiacantha | pentagona | Koehler 1897 | 45 | 16, 31, 45 | 33 | |||||||
Ophiacantha | rhachophora | H.L. Clark 1911 | 8, 15, 45 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiacantha | rhachophora | H.L. Clark 1911 | 16, 28, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiacantha | rosea | Lyman 1878 | 29, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiacantha | trachybactra | H.L. Clark 1911 | 7 | 28 | ||||||||
Ophiacantha | vorax | H.L. Clark 1911 | 16 | |||||||||
Ophiacanthella | acontophora | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiambix | aculeatus | Lyman 1880 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophientrema | euphylacteum | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | |||||||||
Ophientrema | scolopendricum | (Lyman 1883) | 45 | |||||||||
Ophientrema | valenciennesi | (Lyman 1879) | 55 | |||||||||
Ophiocamax | vitrea | Lyman 1878 | 15, 29, 45 | 16 | ||||||||
Ophiolebes | asaphes | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | 45 | 45 | |||||||
Ophiolebes | brachygnatha | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiolebes | sagaiensis | Irimura 1982 | 26 | |||||||||
Ophiolebes | tuberosus | Matsumoto 1915 | 45 | 7 | ||||||||
Ophiolimna | bairdi | (Lyman 1883) | 8, 28, 45 | 7 | ||||||||
Ophiolimna | diastata | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | 16, 31 | ||||||||
Ophiolimna | perfida | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiologimus | hexactis | H.L. Clark 1911 | 8, 16, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiomitra | leucorhabdotus | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | 16 | ||||||||
Ophiomitrella | ikedai | Murakami 1944 | 55 | 16 | ||||||||
Ophiomitrella | polyacantha | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | 16 | ||||||||
Ophiomitrella | stellifera | Matsumoto 1917 | 16, 26, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiophrura | liodisca | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiophthalmus | cataleimmoidus | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 16, 27, 45 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiophthalmus | hylacantha | (H.L.Clark 1911) | 8, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiophthalmus | normani | (Lyman 1879) | 8, 45 | 16, 27, 45 | 7 | 45 | 45 | |||||
Ophioplinthaca | bythiaspis | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 15 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophioplinthaca | codonomorpha | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | |||||||||
Ophioplinthaca | lithosora | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | |||||||||
Ophioplinthaca | pulchra | Koehler 1904 | 16 | |||||||||
Ophioplinthaca | rudis | (Koehler 1897) | 45 | 27, 45 | ||||||||
Ophiopristis | luctuosa | Koehler 1904 | 16, 69 | |||||||||
Ophiosemnotes | tylota | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiothamnus | hadbrotatus | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiothamnus | venustus | Matsumoto 1915 | 16, 26, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiotholia | spathifer | (Lyman 1879) | 8, 16, 26, 31, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiotoma | megatrema | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 (ST?) | |||||||||
Ophiotreta | gratiosa | (Koehler 1897) | 16, 28 | |||||||||
Ophiotreta | inutilis | Koehler 1904 | 69 | |||||||||
Ophiotreta | stimulea | (Lyman 1878) | 45 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiotreta | valenciennesi | (Lyman 1879) | 16, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiuroconis | monolepis | Matsumoto 1915 | 16 | |||||||||
Ophiurothamnus | dicycla | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiactidae | Histampica | umbonata | (Matsumoto 1915) | 8 | ||||||||
Ophiactis | affinis | Duncan 1879 | 25 | 69 | 10, 13 | 45 | ||||||
Ophiactis | brachygenys | H.L. Clark 1911 | 15, 45 | 8, 27, 45 | 33 | |||||||
Ophiactis | dyscrita | H.L. Clark 1911 | 32 | 23, 45 | 33 | |||||||
Ophiactis | hemiteles | H.L. Clark 1915 | 32 | |||||||||
Ophiactis | profundi | Lütken & Mortensen 1899 | 8, 15 | 45 | 45 | |||||||
Ophiactis | gymnochora | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiactis | macrolepidota | Marktanner-Truneretscher 1887 | 15, 25 | 23, 45 | 45 | |||||||
Ophiactis | modesta | Brock 1888 | 25, 32 | 23 | 33 | |||||||
Ophiactis | plana | Lütken 1856 | 69 | 13 | ||||||||
Ophiactis | profundi | Müller & Troschel 1842 | 25 | 31 | 33 | |||||||
Ophiactis | savignyi | Müller & Troschel 1842 | 25, 32 | 23, 26, 31, 45, 69 | 13, 24 | |||||||
Ophiopholis | aculeata | Linnaeus 1767 | 52 | 24, 45 | 36 | 45 | ||||||
Ophiopholis | brachyactis | H.L. Clark 1911 | 15, 25, 27 | 8, 26, 31, 45 | 13 | |||||||
Ophiopholis | japonica | Lyman 1879 | 9 | 8, 27 | 7, 13 | 36 | ||||||
Ophiopholis | mirabilis | Duncan 1879 | 26, 27, 31, 45, 69 | 13, 45, 47 | 45 | |||||||
Ophiochitonidae | Ophiochiton | fastigatus | Lyman 1878 | 32, 45 | 8, 26, 27, 45, 69 | |||||||
Ophioplax | lamellosa | Matsumoto 1915 | 55 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiocomidae | Ophiarthrum | elegans | Peters 1851 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiarthrum | picta | (Müller & Troschel 1842) | 53 | |||||||||
Ophiocoma | (Breviturma) | brevipes | Peters 1851 | 45 | 57 | |||||||
Ophiocoma | (Breviturma) | dentata | (Müller & Troschel 1842) | 25, 32 | 69 | |||||||
Ophiocoma | (Breviturma) | doederleini | de Loriol 1899 | 32 | ||||||||
Ophiocoma | erinaceus | (Müller & Troschel 1842) | 32 | |||||||||
Ophiocoma | pica | (Müller & Troschel 1842) | 32 | |||||||||
Ophiocoma | pusilla | (Brock 1888) | 32 | |||||||||
Ophiocoma | scolopendrina | (Lamarck 1816) | 32, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiocomella | sexradia | (Duncan 1887) | 32 | |||||||||
Ophiomastix | annulosa | (Lamarck 1816) | 32, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiomastix | asperula | Lütken 1869 | 53 | |||||||||
Ophiomastix | caryophyllata | Lütken 1869 | 53 | |||||||||
Ophiomastix | janualis | Lyman 1871 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiomastix | mixta | Lütken 1869 | 25, 32 | 26, 33, 45, 69 | ||||||||
Ophiopsila | pantherina | Koehelr 1898 | 31 | |||||||||
Ophiopsila | squamifera | Murakami 1963 | 23, 26, 69 | |||||||||
Ophiodermatidae | Bathypectinura | heros | Lyman 1879 | 27, 39 | ||||||||
Cryptopelta | longibrachialis | Koehler 1931 | 32 | |||||||||
Ophiarachna | incrassata | (Lamarck 1816) | 25, 32, 45 | 69 | ||||||||
Ophiarachna | oshimai | Murakami 1943 | 32 | |||||||||
Ophiarachna | robillardi | de Loriol 1893 | 32 | |||||||||
Ophiarachnella | gorgonia | (Müller & Troschel 1842) | 25, 32, 45 | 26, 45, 69 | 13, 24 | |||||||
Ophiarachnella | infernalis | (Müller & Troschel 1842) | 32, 33, 45 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiarachnella | megalaspis | H.L. Clark 1911 | 15, 45 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiarachnella | septemspinosa | (Müller & Troschel 1842) | 53 | |||||||||
Ophiarachnella | sphenischi | (Müller & Troschel 1842) | 32 | |||||||||
Ophiarachnera | differens | (Murakami 1944) | 25 | 23 | ||||||||
Ophioconis | cincta | Brock 1888 | 32 | |||||||||
Ophioconis | cupida | (Koehler 1905) | 31 | |||||||||
Ophiodiscrita | pacifica | (Murakami 1943) | 9 | |||||||||
Ophiodyscrita | instratus | Murakami 1944 | 56 | |||||||||
Ophiopeza | spinosa | (Ljungman 1867) | 53 | |||||||||
Ophiopsammus | aequalis | (Lyman 1880) | 15, 27 | |||||||||
Ophiopsammus | anchista | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 25, 32, 45 | 26, 45, 69 | 13, 24 | |||||||
Ophiopsammus | assimilis | (Bell 1888) | 33 | |||||||||
Ophiostegustes | novaecaledoniae | Guille & Vadon 1985 | 9 | |||||||||
Ophiuroconis | monolepis | Matsumoto 1915 | 8, 45 | 14 | ||||||||
Ophiurodon | grandisquama | Koehler 1904 | 8, 23, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiolepididae | Aspidophiura | forbesi | (Duncan 1879) | 25 | 8 | 45 | ||||||
Aspidophiura | watasei | Matsumoto 1915 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiolepis | cincta | Müller & Troschel 1842 | 58 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiolepis | superba | H.L. Clark 1915 | 32 | |||||||||
Ophiomusium | granosum | Lyman 1878 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiomusium | laqueatum | Lyman 1878 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiomusium | luetokeni | Lyman 1878 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiomusium | lunare | Lyman 1878 | 15, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiomusium | lymani | Thomson 1873 | 45 | 27, 45 | ||||||||
Ophiomusium | scalare | Lyman 1878 | 25 | 27, 45 | 33 | |||||||
Ophiomusium | simplex | Lyman 1878 | 15, 25, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiomusium | trychnum | H.L. Clark 1911 | 25 | 8, 26, 27, 45, 69 | ||||||||
Ophiopenia | disacantha | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiopenia | tetracantha | H.L. Clark 1911 | 18 | |||||||||
Ophioplocus | giganteus | Irimura 1999 | 30 | |||||||||
Ophioplocus | imbricatus | (Müller & Troschel 1842) | 32, 45 | |||||||||
Ophioplocus | japonicus | H.L. Clark 1911 | 25 | 26, 45, 69 | 10, 13, 24 | |||||||
Ophiosphalma | cancellatum | H.L. Clark 1914 | 8, 28, 45, 69 | |||||||||
Ophiosphalma | jolliense | McClendon 1980 | 8, 45, 69 | |||||||||
Ophioteichos | utinomii | (Irimura 1968) | 25 | 22 | ||||||||
Ophiozonella | bispinosa | Koehler 1897 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiozonella | longispina | (H.L. Clark 1908) | 25 | 8, 26, 27, 45, 69 | 7 | |||||||
Ophiozonella | oedilepis | (Murrakami 1942) | 25 | 31 | ||||||||
Ophiozonella | platydisca | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 27, 45 | |||||||||
Ophiozonella | polyplax | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | 27 | ||||||||
Ophiozonella | projecta | (Koehler 1905) | 25, 32, 45 | 8, 26, 45, 69 | ||||||||
Ophiozonoida | leucus | (Murakami 1943) | 32 | |||||||||
Ophioleucidae | Ophiernus | adspersus | Lyman 1883 | 45 | 27 | |||||||
Ophioleuce | brevispinum | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | |||||||||
Ophioleuce | seminudum | Koehler 1904 | 15, 45 | 8, 26, 31, 45 | 18 | |||||||
Ophiopallas | brevispina | (Lyman 1878) | 32 | |||||||||
Ophiopallas | paradoxa | Koehler 1904 | 15 | |||||||||
Ophiotrochus | longispinus | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiomyxidae | Astrogymnotes | irimurai | Baker et al. 2001 | 32 | ||||||||
Ophiobrachion | hamispinum | Murakami 1944 | 55 | |||||||||
Ophiobyrsa | acanthinobrachia | H.L. Clark 1911 | 15 | |||||||||
Ophiobyrsa | strictima | Murakami 1944 | 55 | |||||||||
Ophiodera | bengalensis | (Koehler 1897) | 15 | 27 | ||||||||
Ophiohyalus | gotoi | Matsumoto 1915 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiohymen | gymnodiscus | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophioleptoplax | megapora | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiomyxa | anisacantha | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 15, 29 | 8, 26, 45, 69 | ||||||||
Ophiomyxa | australis | Lütken 1869 | 15, 32, 45 | 8, 23, 26, 27, 31, 45, 69 | 13 | |||||||
Ophiophrixus | acanthinus | H.L. Clark 1911 | 15, 45 | 8, 26, 27, 31, 45, 69 | 33 | |||||||
Ophiosmilax | mirabilis | Matsumoto 1915 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiostiba | hidekii | Matsumoto 1915 | 32 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiostyracium | trachyacanthum | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | 18 | ||||||||
Ophiosyzygus | disacanthus | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophionereidae | Ophiocrasis | ladens | Murakami 1944 | 56 | ||||||||
Ophiodoris | percalles | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophionereis | dubia | (Müller & Troschel 1842) | 15, 25 | 23, 26, 31, 45, 69 | 13, 24 | |||||||
Ophionereis | eurybrachiplax | H.L. Clark 1911 | 26 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophionereis | intermedia | A.M. Clark 1953 | 13 | |||||||||
Ophionereis | porrecta | Lyman 1860 | 32, 45 | 52 | ||||||||
Ophionereis | semoni | (Döderlein 1896) | 32 | 14 | ||||||||
Ophionereis | thryptica | (Murakami 1943) | 32 | 14 | ||||||||
Ophionereis | variegata | Duncan 1879 | 25 | 23 | 14 | |||||||
Ophionereididae | Ophionereis | annulosa | (Leconte 1851) | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiotricidae | Macrophiothrix | belli | Döderlein 1896 | 32 | ||||||||
Macrophiothrix | demessa | (Lyman 1861) | 32 | |||||||||
Macrophiothrix | hirtusa | (Müller & Troschel 1842) | 45 | |||||||||
Macrophiothrix | hybrida | H.L. Clark 1915 | 15 | |||||||||
Macrophiothrix | leucostricha | (Hoggett 1991) | 32 | |||||||||
Macrophiothrix | longipeda | (Lamarck 1816) | 25, 32, 45 | 23, 26, 45, 69 | ||||||||
Macrophiothrix | nereidina | (Lamarck 1816) | 25, 32, 45 | 26, 31, 45, 69 | ||||||||
Macrophiothrix | obtusa | Koehler 1905 | 45 | |||||||||
Macrophiothrix | propinqua | (Lyman 1861) | 32 | |||||||||
Macrophiothrix | vicina | (Koehler 1930) | 53 | |||||||||
Ophiogymna | elegans | (Ljungman 1866 | 25 | 23, 26, 28, 69 | ||||||||
Ophiogymna | fulgens | (Koehler 1905) | 15, 25, 29, 32 | 8, 26, 28, 69 | 14 | |||||||
Ophiogymna | pellicula | (Duncan 1879) | 28, 45 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiomaza | cacaotica | Lyman 1871 | 25, 32 | 23, 26, 45, 69 | 13 | |||||||
Ophiothela | danae | Verrill 1869 | 25, 32 | 23, 26, 31, 45, 69 | 33 | |||||||
Ophiothrix | (Acanthophiura) | purprea | Martens 1867 | 25, 32, 55 | ||||||||
Ophiothrix | (Ophiothrix) | ciliaris | (Lamarck 1816) | 25, 32 | 23, 26, 45 | |||||||
Ophiothrix | (Ophiothrix) | exigua | Lyman 1874 | 25, 29, 45 | 23, 26, 31, 45, 69 | 10, 13, 24, 45, 47 | ||||||
Ophiothrix | (Ophiothrix) | koreana | Duncan 1879 | 25, 45 | 23, 45, 69 | 24, 45 | ||||||
Ophiothrix | (Ophiothrix) | panchyendyta | H.L. Clark 1911 | 8, 15, 29 | 26, 27, 45 | 7 | ||||||
Ophiothrix | (Ophiothrix) | trillineata | Lütken 1869 | 32 | ||||||||
Ophiothrix | marginata | Koehler 1905 | 25 | |||||||||
Ophiuridae | Amphiophiura | convexa | Hertz 1927 | 45 | ||||||||
Amphiophiura | lapidaria | (Lyman 1878) | 45 | |||||||||
Amphiophiura | megapoma | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | |||||||||
Amphiophiura | oediplax | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | |||||||||
Amphiophiura | penichra | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 28 | 45 | ||||||||
Amphiophiura | pompophora | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | 45 | 33 | |||||||
Amphiophiura | sculptilis | (Lyman 1878) | 45 | 45 | ||||||||
Amphiophiura | sculpta | (Duncan 1879) | 45 | 45 | ||||||||
Astrophiura | kawamurai | Matsumoto 1913 | 45 | |||||||||
Astrophiura | wanikawai | Fujita & Hendler 2001 | 11 | |||||||||
Oophiocten | hastatum | Lyman 1878 | 8 | 7 | ||||||||
Ophiochalcis | scabra | (Koehler 1905) | 15 | 8 | 14 | |||||||
Ophioplinthus | clasta | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiura | atacta | H.L. Clark 1911 | 17 | |||||||||
Ophiura | kinbergi | Ljungman 1866 | 15, 25, 32, 45 | 8, 23, 26, 27, 31, 45, 69 | 13, 24, 45, 47 | 17, 36 | 12 | |||||
Ophiura | (Ophiuroglypha) | irrorata | (Lyman 1878) | 45 | 45 | 45 | ||||||
Ophiura | albata | (Lyman 1878) | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiura | bathybia | H.L. Clark 1911 | 17 | 17 | 17 | |||||||
Ophiura | calyptolepis | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiura | cryptolepis | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | 17 | 17 | |||||||
Ophiura | flagellata | Lyman 1878 | 15, 45 | 8, 26, 27, 45 | 7, 45 | |||||||
Ophiura | imbecillis | (Lyman 1878) | 45 | 45, 69 | ||||||||
Ophiura | leptoctenia | H.L.Clark 1911 | 45 | 7, 13, 17, 45 | 17 | 17, 45 | ||||||
Ophiura | maculata | Ludwig 1886 | 45 | |||||||||
Ophiura | micracantha | H.L. Clark 1911 | 15, 45 | 45 | ||||||||
Ophiura | monostoecha | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | 8, 45, 69 | ||||||||
Ophiura | ooplax | H.L. Clark 1911 | 45 | 8, 45, 69 | ||||||||
Ophiura | paucisquamata | Matsumoto 1917 | 26, 45, 69 | |||||||||
Ophiura | quadrispina | H.L. Clark 1911 | 7, 13, 17, 45 | 17 | 17, 45 | |||||||
Ophiura | sarsii | Lütken 1855 | 45 | 27, 45, 69 | 7, 12, 13, 17, 24, 45, 47 | 12, 17, 45 | 12, 17, 45 | |||||
Stegophiura | brachyactis | (H.L. Clark 1911) | 45 | |||||||||
Stegophiura | nodosa | (Lütken 1855) | 45 | |||||||||
Stegophiura | ponderosa | (Lyman 1878) | 45 | 45 | ||||||||
Stegophiura | sladeni | (Duncan 1879) | 15, 25, 29, 45 | 8, 26, 27, 31, 45 | 7, 13, 45 | |||||||
Stegophiura | sterea | (H.L. Clark 1908) | 25, 45 | 8, 26, 27, 45, 69 | 7, 45 | |||||||
Stegophiura | striata | (Duncan 1879) | 33, 45 | |||||||||
Stegophiura | vivipara | Matsumoto 1915 | 15, 32 | 8, 26, 31, 45 | 14 | |||||||
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Okanishi, M. (2017). Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata): Systematics and Japanese Fauna. In: Motokawa, M., Kajihara, H. (eds) Species Diversity of Animals in Japan. Diversity and Commonality in Animals. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56432-4_25
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