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Role of the Forkhead Box O Family and Neuropeptide Y in Calorie Restriction

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Aging Mechanisms

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Abstract

Calorie restriction (CR) is known to extend lifespan and reduce the risk of various morbidities in lower animals to primates. The effects of CR are regulated by the expression of several age-related genes and a signaling pathway, including forkhead box O (FOXO) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). Heterozygous Foxo1-deficient mice under CR exhibit alterations in cancer development but not lifespan, indicating that FOXO1 contributes to anti-cancer effects in aging. NPY deficiency in mice under CR attenuates lifespan and adiposity but does not affect anticancer efficacy and oxidant stress tolerance, suggesting that NPY might play a role in the regulation of age-related metabolic diseases. Furthermore, intracellular organelles including mitochondria contribute to CR benefits. Recently, CR effects have been examined in individuals, leading to development of CR mimetic compounds. This review summarizes the current insights into the molecular mechanisms linking regulation of age-related genes and CR benefits in mammals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan

    Ryoichi Mori, Seongjoon Park & Isao Shimokawa

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  1. Ryoichi Mori
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  2. Seongjoon Park
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  3. Isao Shimokawa
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Correspondence to Isao Shimokawa .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan

    Nozomu Mori

  2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)

    Inhee Mook-Jung

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Mori, R., Park, S., Shimokawa, I. (2015). Role of the Forkhead Box O Family and Neuropeptide Y in Calorie Restriction. In: Mori, N., Mook-Jung, I. (eds) Aging Mechanisms. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55763-0_11

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