Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease that is not fully reversible. It is a highly complex disease in which both environmental exposures and host susceptibility factors should be taken into account in its management. Although cigarette smoke is the major risk factor, quitting smoking does not fully repress the airway inflammation and restore the lost lung function.
Our group has been interested in changes of glycosylation that are related to the onset, biomarker discovery, and therapeutics of various diseases including cancer, neurological disease, and lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes and COPD. Changes in glycan structures are currently being used as cancer biomarkers, prognosis, and treatment of the disease. Cell membrane receptors are mostly glycosylated proteins, and changes in the glycosylation of them have been shown to lead to dysfunctions in downstream signal pathways.
In COPD, alterations in the structures of glycans lead to dysfunction of receptor molecules, such as the TGF-beta receptor related to the upregulation of protease, or result in alterations in mucus viscosity and impaired mucociliary transport. Although the mechanism responsible for this is still uncertain, it appears that environmental factors such as exposure to cigarette smoke, pollutants, and bacteria/virus infections can alter the activities of some glycosyltransferases, and eventually this may affect the synthesis of glycans. Here, we show some glycan structures and relationships with the pathogenesis of COPD. Our recent findings regarding the role of glycan changes in COPD may open a new avenue toward the development of glycotherapeutics for COPD.
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Acknowledgments
Most of the studies on COPD were supported in part by the Program for Promotion of Fundamental Studies in Health Sciences of the National Institute of Biomedical Innovation (NIBIO).
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Gao, C., Taniguchi, N. (2015). Glycans and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). In: Suzuki, T., Ohtsubo, K., Taniguchi, N. (eds) Sugar Chains. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55381-6_16
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55381-6_16
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