Abstract
The theme of efficient use of resources is developed by looking at the resource and environmental issues raised by the extraction and refining of iron and steel. Recent resource and environmental trends in the steel industry are reviewed from the perspective of the mineral sources available, future population and economic trends and their impact on resources, and the potential for meeting demands for steel in an environmentally-friendly way. Approaches such as utilization of hydrogen-bearing fuels and/or biomass wastes instead of coke as reducing agents of iron ores to reduce carbon dioxide emission are described, and a vision of sustainable iron and steel making is proposed.
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Notes
- 1.
Clarke’s numbers express the average content of the chemical elements in the earth’s crust and other geochemical and cosmo-chemical systems.
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Kasai, E. (2015). Recent Resource and Environmental Issues in the Steel Industry. In: Tanaka, Y., Norton, M., Li, YY. (eds) Topical Themes in Energy and Resources. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55309-0_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55309-0_12
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