Summary
Our stereotactic experiences in agreement with the literature showed, that different target points could influence the same motor disturbance. To choose the best target point or target point combinations we generally implant the electrodes into VL, Vim, CM, P, dentate nucleus and motor cortex. To ensure the correct sequence of therapeutic lesions we developed an investigation system, taking into consideration the resting and the working state of the motor system.
We elicited events centrally (stimulation of the different target points) and peripherally (reflexes) and recorded the evoked potentials at the non-stimulated sites along with the motor and motor modulation effects in the appropriate muscles.
The elicited events depend on the site of stimulation and registration and on the state of muscle activity. The centrally and peripherally elicited events influence each other. With our technique the elicited events and their functional dependency is most explicit within the motor system. The results help to explain some basic motor functions and help to answer some of our therapeutic questions.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bertrand C, Martinez N, Hardy J (1966) Localization of lesions in parkinsonism. J Neurosurg 24: 446–448
Burg DA, Struppler A, Szumsky AJ, Velhov F (1973) Generalized activation of the gamma motor system during restricted voluntary muscle activity. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 34: 826
Divitiis E de, Giaquinto S, Signorelli CD (1971) Peripheral influences on VPM-VPL thalamic nuclei in the human. Confín Neurol 33: 174–185
Gassel MM (1970) A critical review of evidence concerning long- loop reflexes excited by muscle afferents in man. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 33: 358–362
Gillingham F J (1960) Surgical management of the dyskinesias. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 23: 347–348
Hufschmidt HJ (1954) Die rasche Willkürcontraction. Z Biol 107: 1–24
Lee R, Withe G (1973) Modification of somatosensory evoked responses by voluntary movement. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 34: 706–707
Magladery JW, McDougall DS (1950) Electrophysiological studies of nerve and reflex activity of normal man. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 86: 265–290
Marossero F, Cabrini GP, Ettore G, Infuso L (1972) Electromyographic study of motor responses following electrical stimulation of the corticospinal tract in man during stereotaxy. Con- fin Neurol 43: 230–236
Monster HW, Tierny G, Herman R (1973) Changes in spinal reflex excitability during the initiation of voluntary muscle contraction. Electroenceph Clin Neurophysiol 34: 816–817
Paillard J (1955) Réflexe et régulations d’origine proprioceptive chez l’homme. Librairie Arnette, Paris
Shimamura M, Akert K (1965) Peripheral nervous relation of propriospinal and spinal-bulbo-spinal reflex system. Jap J Physiol 15: 638–647
Shimamura M, Livingstone RB (1963) Longitudinal conduction system serving spinal and brain stem coordination. J Neurophysiol 26: 258–272
Sem-Jacobsen CW (1966) Depth electrographic observation related to Parkinson’s disease. J Neurosurg 24: 388–402
Tóth Sz (1961) Effect of removal of the nucleus dentatus on the parkinsonian syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 24: 143–147
Tóth Sz (1970) The role of thalamus and pallidum in the activation of the motor system. Confín Neurol 32: 126–127
Tóth Sz (1972) Effect of electrical stimulation of subcortical sites on speech and consciousness. In: Soemjen G (ed) Neurophysiology studied on man. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp 40–46
Tóth Sz, Tomka I (1968) Responses of the human thalamus and pallidum to high frequency stimulation. Confín Neurol 29: 17– 40
Tóth Sz, Zaránd P, Lázár L (1974) The role of the cortex and subcortical ganglia in the evoked rhythmic motor activity. Acta Neurochir (Wien) [Suppl] 21: 25–33
Tóth Sz, Zaránd P, Lázár L, Vajda J (1975) Effect of voluntary innervation of the evoked potentials of the motor system. Confín Neurol 37: 49–55
Tóth Sz, Vajda J, Zaránd P (1977) The study of recovery modification of the evoked potentials and motor answers of the motor system. Acta Neurochir (Wien) [Suppl] 24: 151–157
Toth Sz, Solyom A, Vajda J (1979) The frequency resonance investigation of the H-reflex. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 42: 351–356
Toth Sz, Vajda J, Zarand P, Solyom A (1979) Motor regulation in patients with chronic deep electrodes. Rec Dev Neurobiol in Hungary. Academy Publishers, Budapest, pp 73–91
Toth Sz, Vajda J, Solyom A, Zarand P (1980) The function of the human cerebellum studied by evoked potentials and motor reactions. Appl Neurophysiol 30: 423–428
Toth Sz, Vajda J (1980) Multitarget technique in Parkinson surgery. Appl Neurophysiol 43: 109–113
Toth Sz, Solyom A, Vajda J, Toth Z (1988) The rhythmic properties of the motor system. Appl Neurophysiol in press
Upton ARM, McComas AJ, Sica REP (1971) Potentiation of “late” responses evoked in muscles during effort. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 34: 699–711
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Springer-Verlag
About this paper
Cite this paper
Tóth, S., Tóth, Z., Vajda, J., Sólyom, A. (1989). Some Basic Features of the Pathological and Normal Motor System Studied by Chronic Deep Electrodes. In: Broggi, G., Burzaco, J., Hitchcock, E.R., Meyerson, B.A., Tóth, S. (eds) Advances in Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery 8. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplementum, vol 46. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9029-6_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9029-6_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna
Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-9031-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-9029-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive