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Basic Principles of Molecular Pathophysiology and Etiology of Cardiovascular Disorders

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Interdisciplinary Concepts in Cardiovascular Health

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Abstract

Molecular etiology of cardiovascular diseases is based on genetic predisposition and environmental factors. While in monogenic forms with Mendelian traits, gene defects are the dominant origin of the disease, the combination and complex interdependence of environmental and genetic factors determine an individual’s risk for common forms of cardiovascular disorders. The molecular pathophysiology of Mendelian traits has been well understood, and a wide range of molecular dysfunctions in key proteins have been identified by examining the pathology of rare genetic defects. Pathomechanisms triggered by environmental factors, on the molecular level, are considered to involve crucial posttranslational modification of signaling molecules with a significant dependence on a genetic susceptibility that is determined by common gene variation. Here, we provide a brief introduction to this concept, focusing on selected paradigms of disease-relevant cellular mechanisms such as modification of proteins by reactive oxygen species, phosphorylation, and glycation. Available information bridging molecular knowledge with epidemiological concepts is highlighted.

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  1. Center for Physiological Medicine, Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/4, Graz, A-8010, Austria

    Michael Poteser PhD & Klaus Groschner PhD

  2. Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan

    Ichiro Wakabayashi MD, PhD

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    Ichiro Wakabayashi

  2. Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz Center for Physiological Medicine, Graz, Austria

    Klaus Groschner

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Poteser, M., Groschner, K., Wakabayashi, I. (2013). Basic Principles of Molecular Pathophysiology and Etiology of Cardiovascular Disorders. In: Wakabayashi, I., Groschner, K. (eds) Interdisciplinary Concepts in Cardiovascular Health. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1334-9_1

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