Abstract
Objectives: To study the effect of blood osmolarity on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume and CSF pressure in cats.
Methods: Three types of methods were used on anesthetized cats. The first, ventriculo-cisternal perfusion (12.96 μL/min) before and after i.v. application of 20% mannitol; the second, measuring the outflow of CSF by cisternal free drainage; and the third, measuring CSF pressure in the ventricles of an intact CSF system, with the second and third method being performed before and after the i.p. application of a hypo-osmolar substance (distilled water).
Results: In the first group, the application of 20% mannitol led to a significantly reduced (p < 0.005) outflow volume (from 12.60 ± 0.29 to 0.94 ± 0.09 μL/min). In the second group, the outflow CSF volume significantly increased (p < 0.001) after the application of distilled water (from 18.8 ± 0.3 to 28.2 ± 0.7 μL/min). In the third group, after the application of distilled water, the CSF pressure also significantly increased (p < 0.05; from 8.3 ± 0.8 to 16.1 ± 0.14 cm H2O).
Conclusion: We conclude that changes in serum osmolarity change the CSF volume because of the osmotic gradient between the blood and all of the CSF compartments, and also that the change in CSF pressure is closely associated with changes in CSF volume.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Brodlet A, Stoodley M (2007) CSF pathways: a review. Br J Neurosurg 21:510–520
Brown PD, Davies SL, Speake T, Millar ID (2004) Molecular mechanisms of cerebrospinal fluid production. Neuroscience 129:957–970
Bulat M, Klarica M (2011) Recent insight into a new hydrodynamics of cerebrospinal fluid. Brain Res Rev 65:99–112
Bulat M, Lupret V, Orešković D, Klarica M (2008) Transventricular and transpial absorption of cerebrospinal fluid into cerebral microvessels. Coll Antropol 31(Suppl 3):43–50
Cutler RWP, Page L, Galichich J, Waters GV (1968) Formation and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid in man. Brain 91:707–720
Davson H, Welch K, Segal MB (1987) Physiology and pathology of the cerebrospinal fluid. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh
Hochwald GM, Wald A, Malhan C (1974) The effect of osmotic gradients on cerebrospinal fluid production and its sodium ion content and on brain water content. Trans Am Neurol Assoc 99:219–221
Johanson CE, Duncan JAIII, Klinge PM, Brinker T, Stopa EG, Silverberg GD (2008) Multiplicity of cerebrospinal fluid functions: new challenges in health and disease. Cerebrospinal Fluid Res 5:10
Klarica M, Orešković D, Božić B, Vukić M, Butković V, Bulat M (2009) New experimental model of acute aqueductal blockade in cats: effects on cerebrospinal fluid pressure and the size of brain ventricles. Neuroscience 158:1397–1405
Maraković J, Orešković D, Radoš M, Vukić M, Jurjević I, Chudy D, Klarica M (2010) Effect of osmolarity on CSF volume during ventriculo-aqueductal and ventriculo-cisternal perfusions in cats. Neurosci Lett 484:93–97
Orešković D, Klarica M (2010) The formation of cerebrospinal fluid: nearly a hundred years of interpretations and misinterpretations. Brain Res Rev 64:241–262
Orešković D, Klarica M, Vukić M (2002) The formation and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid inside the cat brain ventricles: a fact or an illusion? Neurosci Lett 327:103–106
Orešković D, Whitton PS, Lupret V (1991) Effect of intracranial pressure on cerebrospinal fluid formation in isolated brain ventricles. Neuroscience 41:773–777
Pollay M, Stevens A, Roberts PA (1983) Alteration in choroid plexus blood flow and cerebrospinal fluid formation by increased ventricular pressure. In: Wood JH (ed) Neurobiology of cerebrospinal fluid, vol 2. Plenum Press, New York, pp 687–695
Wald A, Hochwald GM, Malhan C (1976) The effects of ventricular fluid osmolality on bulk flow of nascent fluid into the cerebral ventricles of cats. Exp Brain Res 25:157–167
Acknowledgements
We thank Mrs. Katarina Karlo for her skilled technical assistance. This work has been supported by the Ministry of Science, Education and Sport of the Republic of Croatia (Projects: 1. Hydrodynamics of cerebrospinal fluid. No. 098-1080231-2328; and 2. Pathophysiology of cerebrospinal fluid and intracranial pressure. No. 108-1080231-0023).
Conflict of interest statement
We declare that we have no conflict of interest.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer-Verlag/Wien
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jurjević, I. et al. (2012). Dependence of Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure and Volume on the Changes in Serum Osmolarity in Cats. In: Schuhmann, M., Czosnyka, M. (eds) Intracranial Pressure and Brain Monitoring XIV. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplementum, vol 114. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0956-4_68
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0956-4_68
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna
Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-0955-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-0956-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)