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Advances in Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

  • Conference paper
Early Brain Injury or Cerebral Vasospasm

Part of the book series: Acta Neurochirurgica Supplements ((NEUROCHIRURGICA,volume 110/1))

Abstract

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains to be a devastating disease with high mortality and morbidity. Two major areas are becoming the focus of the research interest of SAH: these are cerebral vasospasm (CVS) and early brain injury (EBI). This mini review will provide a broad summary of the major advances in experimental SAH during the last 3 years. Treatments interfering with nitric oxide (NO)- or endothelin-pathways continue to show antispasmotic effects in experimental SAH. HIF 1 may play both a detrimental and beneficial role in the setting of SAH, depending on its activation stage. Inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to the pathophysiology of both CVS and EBI. Apoptosis, a major component of EBI after SAH, also underlie the etiology of CVS. Since we recognize now that CVS and EBI are the two major contributors to the significant mortality and morbidity associated with SAH, ongoing research will continue to elucidate the underlying pathophysiological pathways and treatment strategies targeting both CVS and EBI may be more successful and improve outcome of patients with SAH.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan

    Takumi Sozen

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan

    Takumi Sozen & Shigeru Nishizawa

  3. Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA

    Reiko Tsuchiyama, Yu Hasegawa, Hidenori Suzuki, Vikram Jadhav & John H. Zhang

  4. Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA

    John H. Zhang

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  1. Takumi Sozen
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  2. Reiko Tsuchiyama
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  3. Yu Hasegawa
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Correspondence to Takumi Sozen .

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  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan 30, Chongqing, 400038, China

    H.-J. Steiger  & Hua Feng  & 

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Ying Mao

  3. Departments of Physiology and Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Risley Hall, Room 223, 92354, Loma Linda, California, USA

    John H. Zhang

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Sozen, T. et al. (2011). Advances in Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. In: Feng, H., Mao, Y., Zhang, J.H. (eds) Early Brain Injury or Cerebral Vasospasm. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplements, vol 110/1. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0353-1_3

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