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Natural Antibodies and Atherosclerosis

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Inflammation and Atherosclerosis

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Abstract

The view of atherosclerosis as an inflammatory disease has been strongly supported by studies demonstrating the ability of both the innate and adaptive immune system to modulate its initiation and progression. Different explanations exist as to why the immune system is involved in atherogenesis: While the adaptive immune responses involve certain autoimmune characteristics that likely develop as a consequence of chronic tissue damage in the vasculature, the involvement of the innate immune system may initially represent a defensive host responses that becomes exhausted or inadequate due to the long persistence of the pathogenic insult [1–6]. Indeed recent evidence suggests that atherosclerosis is profoundly propagated by the retention, accumulation and persistence of modified LDL, apoptotic cells and cellular debris, as impaired clearance mechanisms of innate immunity result in accelerated lesion growth [7–9]. Natural antibodies (NAbs) represent a major layer of innate immunity that have been suggested to convey “house keeping” functions by promoting the clearance of cellular waste, which is necessary for maintaining immune homeostasis [10]. Although, B-cells are rarely found within atherosclerotic lesions, antibodies – including NAbs – as their major product are regularly found to be present. Recent evidence now shows that NAbs are not merely present, but that they actively modulate the atherosclerotic disease process [11]. Their involvement in atherogenesis has not only contributed to the understanding of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, but provided also important insights into the hypothesized “house keeping” functions of NAbs in general.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Laboratory Medicine & Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, Bauteil 25/2, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Dimitrios Tsiantoulas & Christoph J. Binder

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  1. Dimitrios Tsiantoulas
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  2. Christoph J. Binder
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Correspondence to Christoph J. Binder .

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  1. Medical University Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Strasse 4 a, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria

    Georg Wick

  2. Laboratory of Autoimmunity, Division of Experimental Pathophysiology, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Schöpfstraße 41, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria

    Cecilia Grundtman

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Tsiantoulas, D., Binder, C.J. (2012). Natural Antibodies and Atherosclerosis. In: Wick, G., Grundtman, C. (eds) Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0338-8_15

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