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The History of the Association Agreement between Turkey and the European Community

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Turkey and the European Community

Part of the book series: Schriften des Deutschen Orient-Instituts ((ORIENT))

Abstract

Since the Association Agreement of 1963, Turkey’s relationship with the European Community has been fraught with disappointments and disillusionment. After having high expectations in the early 1960s, many Turks came to view the Association more as a liability than an asset, especially during the economic crises that Tlurkey underwent in the late 1970s. The original intention to seek swift accession to the Community could not be pursued in the wake of the 1980 military coup. Turkey’s full membership is now being regarded as a long-term goal.

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Notes

  1. Tosun Bahçeli, “Turkey and the EEC: The Strains of Association”, In Revue d’Integration Europeenne/Journal of European Integration 3 (No. 2, January 1980), pp. 221–237; especially p. 222.

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  2. See M. A. Birand, “Turkey and the European Community”, in World Tooday 34 (No. 2, February 1978), pp. 52–62.

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  3. See Chapter 1 of this book.

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  4. See Heinz Kramer, Die Tüürkei: Gefährdeter Partner der Weestlichen Allianz: Ansatzpunkte ftir Beiträge zur wirtschaftlichen, socialen und sicherheitspolitischen Stabilisierung, (Ebenhausen: SWP, 1981), p. 103.

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  5. See Yildirim Keskin, “The Turkey-ECC Association and its Problems”, in Werner Gumpel ed., Die Tüürkei auf dem Weeg in die EG (München/Wien, 1979), pp. 65–72.

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  6. See Dankwart A. Rustow, “The Roses and Thorns”, in The Mediterranean Challenge V: Turkey and the Community, Sussex European Papers 10 (1981), pp. 1–40; especially, p. 35.

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  7. See Elfriede Regelsberge and Wolfgang Wessels, European Concepts for the Mediterranean Region: Alienated Neighbours, Partners or a “Mare Nostrum”? Working Paper for the Conference on “Growing Economic Interdependence and the Future of Security in the Mediterranean” (Castel Gandolfo, Rome: September 6–9, 1982).

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  8. See Heinz Kramer, Die Tüürkei, p. 105.

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  9. See Yildirim Keskin, “The Turkey-EEC Association and its Problems”, p. 66.

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  10. See Heinz Kramer, Die Türkei, p. 107.

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  11. See Yildirim Keskin, “The Turkey-EEC Association and its Problems”, p. 66.

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  12. Dankwart A. Rustow, “The Roses and the Thorns”, p. 31.

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  13. Ibid., p. 33.

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  16. See Heinz Kramer, Die Türkei, p. 128.

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  17. See Tosun Bahçeli, “Turkey and the EEC”, p. 22.

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  18. Ibid.

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  19. See Gian Paola Papa, “Relations between the European Community and Turkey”, in Werner Gumpel ed., Die Tüürkei auf dem Weg in die EG, pp. 47–53.

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  20. See 20th meeting of the EEC/Turkey Association Council on 19 August 1975; 21st meeting on 16 September 1975, in 9. Gesamtbericht über die Tätigkeit der Europäischen Gemeinschaften (1975), pp. 290–291; 22nd meeting of the EEC/Turkey Association meeting on 1–2 March 1976; 23rd meeting on 20 December 1976, in 10. Gesamtbericht.über die Tätigkeit der Europäischen Gemeinschaften (1976), pp. 286–287.

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  21. See the conclusion drawn by the State Planning Organisation in 1976: Financial Times, 13 October 1976.

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  23. See The Tiimes, 21 December 1976.

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  24. See 12. and 13. Gesamtbericht über die Tätigkeit der Europäischen Gemeinschaften (1978 and 1979).

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  25. See Trevor Penrose: “Is Turkish Membership Ecconomically Feasible?”, in The Mediterranean Challenge V, pp. 41–96, especially pp. 67–68.

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  26. See 14. Gesamtbericht über die Tätigkeit der Europäischen Gemeinschaften (1980), pp. 291–292.

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  27. Ibid.

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  28. See Financial Times, 7 May 1980.

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  29. See The Economist, 5 July 1980.

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  30. Declaration of the Nine on 16 September 1980.

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  31. See Association Council meeting on 3 April 1982, Bulletin der Europäischen Gemeinschaften, 1982, No. 4, pp. 47–48.

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  32. See Agence Europe, no. 3352, 17 April 1982 and no. 3402, 1 July 1982. (French imports of T-shirts in rose from 449,000 items in 1980 to 841,000 items in 1981, those of Turkish shirts from 549,000 items in 1980 to 1.95 million items in 1981. During the first four months of 1982, imports of Turkish shirts into France had increased by some 345 per cent in comparison with the corresponding period in the previous year.)

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  33. Turkish exports of cotton cloth into Italy during the first quarter of 1981 had reached 125 per gent of the exports during the whole of 1981, and amounted to a 435 per cent increase in relation to the first quarter of 1981.

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  34. See VWD, 19 August 1982.

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  35. See Agence Europe, no. 4385, 11 September 1986.

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  36. See Turgut Özal, “Ziel ist Festigung der Demokratie und der Menschenrechte”, in Tüürkische Wirtschaft 3 (April 1987), pp. 7–8.

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  37. See Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, 15 April 1987.

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  38. See Turgut Özal, “Auf einem vernünftigen Weg”, in Süddeutsche Zeitung, 27 April 1987.

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  39. See Agence Europe, no. 4441, 1–2 December 1986.

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  40. See Vahit Halefoglu, “Die Türkei und Europa”, in Südosteuropa Mitteilungen, 26 (No. 4, 1986), p. 5.

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Authors
  1. Roswitha Bourguignon
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Ahmet Evin Geoffrey Denton

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© 1990 Leske Verlag + Budrich GmbH, Opladen

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Bourguignon, R. (1990). The History of the Association Agreement between Turkey and the European Community. In: Evin, A., Denton, G. (eds) Turkey and the European Community. Schriften des Deutschen Orient-Instituts. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-01422-5_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-01422-5_4

  • Publisher Name: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-8100-0646-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-663-01422-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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