Zusammenfassung
Bei Kindern werden je nach Indikation peri- und postoperativ verschiedene Gefäßzugänge benötigt. Man unterscheidet hierbei periphervenöse und zentralvenöse Zugänge. Bei den zentralvenösen Zugängen kann nochmals zwischen peripheren zentralvenösen und den zentral eingebrachten Zugängen differenziert werden. Hierbei werden die peripher eingebrachten zentralvenösen Katheter (Silastic-Katheter) v. a. bei Früh- und Neugeborenen eingesetzt. Die zentral eingebrachten zentralvenösen Katheter werden in die nicht getunnelten und die getunnelten Katheter (Hickman-/Broviac-Katheter) unterteilt. Die getunnelten Katheter sind v. a. für die Langzeitanwendung (hämatologische und onkologische Erkrankungen, Kurzdarmsyndrom) gedacht. Mögliche Komplikationen sind u. a. Pneumothorax, Hämatothorax, Katheterinfektionen, Dislokation, Thrombose, Okklusion sowie Katheterbruch.
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Seitz, G. (2019). Gefäßzugänge bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. In: von Schweinitz, D., Ure, B. (eds) Kinderchirurgie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58202-2_10
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