Zusammenfassung
Die therapeutischen Optionen bestehen weitgehend in einer individualisierten Tränensubstitutionstherapie, welche den Patienten wieder eine bessere Lebensqualität ermöglichen soll. Aufgrund der teils entzündlichen Pathogenese kommen auch antiinflammatorische medikamentöse Ansätze zum Einsatz, die in den Circulus vitiosus der Keratokonjunktivitis sicca eingreifen. Bei erfolgloser konservativer Therapie können auch chirurgische Methoden zum Einsatz kommen. Bei zugrunde liegender Meibomdrüsendysfunktion ist neben einer lipidphasenstabilisierenden Tränensubstitutionstherapie auch eine tägliche Lidrandhygiene indiziert.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Weiterführende Literatur
Amparo F, Dastjerdi MH, Okanobo A, Ferrari G, Smaga L, Hamrah P et al (2013) Topical interleukin 1 receptor antagonist for treatment of dry eye disease: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Ophthalmology 131(6):715–723
MacLeod AM, Robbins SP (1992) Submandibular gland transfer in the correction of dry eye. Aust N Z J ophthalmol 20(2):99–103
Amsden GW (2001) Advanced-generation macrolides: tissue-directed antibiotics. Int J Antimicrob Agents 18:11–15
Aronowicz JD, Shine WE, Oral D, Vargas JM, McCulley JP (2006) Short term oral minocycline treatment of meibomianitis. Br J Ophthalmol 90(7):856–860
Augenklinik, E (2013) Liste Tränenersatzmittel
Auw-Hädrich C, Reinhard T (2007) Chronische blepharitis. Der Ophthalmologe 104(9):817–828
Auw-Hädrich C, Reinhard T (2008) Calcinosis conjunctivae bei chronischer Blepharitis. Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 225(1):101–102
Barabino S, Rolando M (2003) Amniotic membrane transplantation elicits goblet cell repopulation after conjunctival reconstruction in a case of severe ocular cicatricial pemphigoid. Acta Ophthalmologica 81(1):68–71
Bartley GB, Fatourechi V, Kadrmas EF, Jacobsen SJ, Ilstrup DM, Garrity JA, Gorman CA (1996) Clinical features of Graves’ ophthalmopathy in an incidence cohort. Am J Ophthalmol 121(3):284–290
Baudouin C, Hamard P, Liang H, Creuzot-Garcher C, Bensoussan L, Brignole F (2004) Conjunctival epithelial cell expression of interleukins and inflammatory markers in glaucoma patients treated over the long term. Ophthalmol 111(12):2186–2192
Becker BB (1991) Punctal occlusion and blepharoplasty in patients with dry eye syndrome. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 117(7):789–791
Belin MW, Bouchard CS, Phillips TM (1990) Update on topical cyclosporine A: background, immunology, and pharmacology. Cornea 9(3):184–195
BenEzra D, Maftzir G (1990) Ocular penetration of cyclosporine A in the rat eye. Arch Ophthalmol 108(4):584–587
Bergua A, Zenkel M, Gabel J Topical plepharitis therapy using the anti-inflammatory macrolide antibiotic azithromycin 1.5 %. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
Berke A, Blümle S (1997) Kontaktlinsen. Hygiene: Bode
Bernauer W, Thiel MA, Kurrer M, Heiligenhaus A, Rentsch KM, Schmitt A et al (2006a) Corneal calcification following intensified treatment with sodium hyaluronate artificial tears. Br J Ophthalmol 90(3):285–288
Bernauer W, Thiel MA, Langenauer UM, Rentsch KM (2006b) Phosphate concentration in artificial tears. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 244(8):1010–1014
Bhargava R, Kumar P, Kumar M, Mehra N, Mishra A (2013) A randomized controlled trial of omega-3 fatty acids in dry eye syndrome. Int J Ophthalmol 6(6):811
Blackie CA, Korb DR, Knop E, Bedi R, Knop N, Holland EJ (2010) Nonobvious obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction. Cornea 29(12):1333–1345
Blackie CA, Solomon JD, Greiner JV, Holmes M, Korb DR (2008) Inner eyelid surface temperature as a function of warm compress methodology. Optom Vis Sci 85(8):675–683
Blumberg A (2013) Phosphatpuffer in Ophthalmika – Risiko für Hornhautkalzifikationen. BfArM Bulletin Arzneimittelsicherheit 2013(1):7–12
Bock F, Maruyama K, Regenfuss B, Hos D, Steven P, Heindl LM, Cursiefen C (2013) Novel anti (lymph) angiogenic treatment strategies for corneal and ocular surface diseases. Prog Retinal and Eye Res 34:89–124
Brasnu E, Brignole-Baudouin F, Riancho L, Guenoun J-M, Warnet J-M, Baudouin C (2008) In vitro effects of preservative-free tafluprost and preserved latanoprost, travoprost, and bimatoprost in a conjunctival epithelial cell line. Curr Eye Res 33(4):303–312
Brewitt H (1995) Diagnostik und Therapie des „trockenen Auges“. Teil 2. Zeitschrift für praktische Augenheilkunde 16:425–431
Brewitt H (1996) Diagnostik und Therapie des „trockenen Auges“. Teil 4. Zeitschrift für praktische Augenheilkunde 17:107–114
Brewitt H, Honegger H (1991) Die Oberfläche des Auges im gesunden und pathologischen Zustand – ausgewählte Probleme der Kontaktologie. Concactologia 13:1–7
Brewitt H, Kaercher T, Rüfer F (2008) Trockenes Auge und Blepharitis. Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 225(2):R15–R36
Brewitt H, Zierhut M (2001) Trockenes Auge: Anatomie, Physiologie, Pathophysiologie, Diagnostik. Kaden, Heidelberg
Brignole F, Pisella P-J, Goldschild M, De Saint Jean M, Goguel A, Baudouin C (2000) Flow cytometric analysis of inflammatory markers in conjunctival epithelial cells of patients with dry eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 41(6):1356–1363
Bundesausschuss, Gemeinsamer: Anlage I zum Abschnitt F der Arzneimittel-Richtlinie: gesetzliche Verordnungsausschlüsse in der Arzneimittelversorgung und zugelassene Ausnahmen; zugelassene Ausnahmen zum gesetzlichen Verordnungsausschluss nach 34 Abs. 1 Satz 2 SGB V (OTC-Übersicht)[online]. 11.08. 2012. http://www.g-ba.de/downloads/83-691-302/AM-RL-I-OTC_2012-08-11.pdf. Zugegriffen: 15. Sept. 2017
Bundesausschuss, Gemeinsamer: Anlage V zum Abschnitt J der Arzneimittel-Richtlinie: Übersicht der verordnungsfähigen Medizinprodukte. Zugegriffen: 31. Aug. 2016
Burstein NL (1980) Preservative cytotoxic threshold for benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine digluconate in cat and rabbit corneas. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 19(3):308–313
Connor CG, Choat C, Narayanan S, Kyser K, Rosenberg B, Mulder D (2015) Clinical effectiveness of lid debridement with BlephEx treatment. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 56(7):4440
Craig JP, Chen Y-H, Turnbull PRK (2015) Prospective trial of intense pulsed light for the treatment of Meibomian gland dysfunction prospective trial of IPL for treatment of MGD. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 56(3):1965–1970
Cursiefen C, Jacobi C, Dietrich T, Kruse FE (2006) Aktuelle Therapie des trockenen Auges. Der Ophthalmologe 103(1):18–24
De Paiva CS, Chen Z, Koch DD, Hamill MB, Manuel FK, Hassan SS et al (2006) The incidence and risk factors for developing dry eye after myopic LASIK. Am J Ophthalmol 141(3):438–445
Dietlein TS, Jordan JF, Lüke C, Schild A, Dinslage S, Krieglstein GK (2008) Self-application of single-use eyedrop containers in an elderly population: comparisons with standard eyedrop bottle and with younger patients. Acta Ophthalmol 86(8):856–859
Dougherty JM, McCulley JP, RE Silvany, Meyer DR (1991) The role of tetracycline in chronic blepharitis. Inhibition of lipase production in staphylococci. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 32(11):2970–2975
Eckstein AK, Finkenrath A, Heiligenhaus A, Renzing‐Köhler K, Esser J, Krüger C et al. (2004) Dry eye syndrome in thyroid‐associated ophthalmo‐pathy: lacrimal expression of TSH receptor suggests involvement of TSHR‐specific autoantibodies. Acta Ophthalmol 82(3p1):291–297
Elbein AD (1974) The metabolism of α, α-trehalose. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 30:227–256
Epstein SP, Ahdoot M, Marcus E, Asbell PA (2009a) Comparative toxicity of preservatives on immortalized corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 25(2):113–119
Epstein SP, Chen D, Asbell PA (2009b) Evaluation of biomarkers of inflammation in response to benzalkonium chloride on corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 25(5):415–424
Figueroa MS, Casas DR (2014) Inflammation induced by perfluorocarbon liquid: intra-and postoperative use. BioMed research international 2014:Article ID 907816
Filippello M, Stagni E, O’Bart D (2012) Transepithelial corneal collagen crosslinking: bilateral study. J Cataract Refract Surg 38:283–291
Friedland BR, Fleming CP, Blackie CA, Korb DR (2011) A novel thermodynamic treatment for meibomian gland dysfunction. Curr Eye Res 36(2):79–87
Garrett JR (1987) The proper role of nerves in salivary secretion: a review. J Dent Res 66(2):387–397
Geerling G, Brewitt H (2008) Surgery for the dry eye. Developments in Ophthalmology Bd 41
Geerling G, Tauber J, Baudouin C, Goto E, Matsumoto Y, O’Brien T et al (2011) The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: report of the subcommittee on management and treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 52(4):2050–2064
Gilbard JP, Rossi SR (1992) An electrolyte-based solution that increases corneal glycogen and conjunctival goblet-cell density in a rabbit model for keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Ophthalmol 99(4):600–604
Göbbels M, Spitznas M (1992) Corneal epithelial permeability of dry eyes before and after treatment with artificial tears. Ophthalmol 99(6):873–878
Greiner JV (2013) Long-term (12-month) improvement in meibomian gland function and reduced dry eye symptoms with a single thermal pulsation treatment. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 41(6):524–530
Handzel DM, Sekundo W, Meyer CH (2013) Interventionelle Therapie bei Dysfunktion der Meibom-Drüsen. Spektrum der Augenheilkunde 27(4):196–199
Henderson HWA, Collin JRO (2008) Mucous membrane grafting. Surgery for the Dry Eye, Bd. 41. Karger Publishers, Basel, S 230–242
Horwath-Winter J, Rabensteiner DF, Schwantzer G, Fischl M, Wachswender C, Nitsche M, Boldin I Häufigkeit von Demodex bei Patientinnen mit Beschwerden des Trockenen Auges: Medizinische Universität Graz
Huang B, Mirza MA, Qazi MA, Pepose JS (2004) The effect of punctal occlusion on wavefront aberrations in dry eye patients after laser in situ keratomileusis. Am J Ophthalmol 137(1):52–61
Jaenen N, Baudouin C, Pouliquen P, Manni G, Figueiredo A, Zeyen T (2006) Ocular symptoms and signs with preserved and preservative-free glaucoma medications. Eur J Ophthalmol 17(3):341–349
Jiang X, Lv H, Song H, Zhang M, Liu Y, Hu X, Li X, Wang W (2016) Evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of intense pulsed light in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction. J Ophthalmol 2016:(Article ID: 1910694)
Jones CE, Anklesaria M, Gordon AD, Prouty RE, Rashid R, Singla RK, Schachet JL (2002) Retrospective safety study of the Herrick Lacrimal plug: a device used to occlude the lacrimal canaliculus1. Eye & Contact Lens 28(4):206–210
Jong C, Stolwijk T, Kuppens E, Keizer R, Best J (1994) Topical timolol with and without benzalkonium chloride: epithelial permeability and autofluorescence of the cornea in glaucoma. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 232(4):221–224
Jones L, Downie LE, Korb D, Benitez-del-Castillo JM, Dana R, Deng SX, Seo KY et al (2017) TFOS DEWS II management and therapy report. Ocul Surf 15(3):575–628
Kabat AG (2015) A new tool for managing ocular surface disease
Kaercher T, Hönig D, Barth W (1999) How the most common preservative affects the Meibomian lipid layer. Orbit 18(2):89–97
Kagan L (2009) Vergleichende in vitro Analyse von primären und immortalisierten Keratozyten anhand von Zytotoxizitätstests mit Konservierungsstoffen für Augentropfen, Freie Universität Berlin
Kahook MY, Noecker R (2008) Quantitative analysis of conjunctival goblet cells after chronic application of topical drops. Adv Ther 25(8):743
Kasetsuwan N, Satitpitakul V, Changul T, Jariyakosol S (2013) Incidence and pattern of dry eye after cataract surgery. PloS one 8(11):e78657
Kasper K, Kremling C, Geerling G (2008) Toxizität neuer Benetzungs-und Konservierungsmittel in vitro. Der Ophthalmologe 105(6):557–562
Kaur IP, Lal S, Rana C, Kakkar S, H Singh (2009) Ocular preservatives: associated risks and newer options. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 28(3):93–103
Khaireddin R (2013) Lidrandhygiene bei Kontaktlinsenträgern mit Blepharitis. Der Ophthalmologe 110(2):146–153
Kimmich F (2017) Quervernetzte Hyluronsäure und Coenzym Q10 – eine neue Behandlungsoption in der Therapie des Trockenen Auges. Zeitschrift für praktische Augenheilkunde 38:(Suppl. 6)
Kirchhof B, Wong D, van Meurs J, Hilgers RD, Macek M, Lois N, Schrage NF (2002) Use of perfluorohexyloctane as a long-term internal tamponade agent in complicated retinal detachment surgery. Am J Ophthalmol 133(1):95–101
Knapp ME, BR Frueh, CC Nelson, Musch DC (1989) A comparison of two methods of punctal occlusion. Am J Ophthalmol 108(3):315–318
Konservierungsmittel (2017) Stiftung Warentest
Koo H, Kim TH, Kim KW, Wee SW, Chun YS, Kim JC (2012) Ocular surface discomfort and demodex: effect of tea tree oil eyelid scrub in demodex blepharitis. J Korean Med Sci 27(12):1574–1579
Korb DR, Blackie CA (2013) Debridement-scaling: a new procedure that increases Meibomian gland function and reduces dry eye symptoms. Cornea 32(12):1554–1557
Krieglstein GK (1981) Konservierungsstoffe in ophthalmologischen Arzneimitteln. Z prakt Augenheilkd 2:59–70
Kumar P, Vinod A, MacLeod AM, O’Brien BM, Hickey MJ, Knight KR (1990) Microvascular submandibular gland transfer for the management of xerophthalmia; an experimental study. Br J Plast Surg 43(4):431–436
Kunert KS, Tisdale AS, Gipson IK (2002) Goblet cell numbers and epithelial proliferation in the conjunctiva of patients with dry eye syndrome treated with cyclosporine. Arch Ophthalmol 120(3):330–337
Kuppens EV, de Jong CA, Stolwijk TR, Keizer RJ de, van Best JA (1995) Effect of timolol with and without preservative on the basal tear turnover in glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol 79(4):339–342
Labate C, Lombardo M, Lombardo G, De Santo MP (2017) Biomechanical strengthening of the human cornea induced by nanoplatform-based transepithelial riboflavin/UV-A corneal cross-linking nanotechnological corneal cross-linking. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 58(1):179–184
Labbé A, Pauly A, Liang H, Brignole-Baudouin F, Martin C, Warnet J-M, Baudouin C (2006) Comparison of toxicological profiles of benzalkonium chloride and polyquaternium-1: an experimental study. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 22(4):267–278
Lacroix Z, Léger S, Bitton E (2015) Ex vivo heat retention of different eyelid warming masks. Contact Lens and Anterior Eye 38(3):152–156
Laibovitz RA, Solch S, Andriano K, O’connell M, Silverman MH (1993) Pilot trial of cyclosporine 1 % ophthalmic ointment in the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Cornea 12(4):315–323
Lallemand F, Daull P, Benita S, Buggage R, Garrigue J-S (2012) Successfully improving ocular drug delivery using the cationic nanoemulsion, novasorb. J Drug Deliv 2012:1–16
Lane SS, DuBiner HB, Epstein RJ, Ernest PH, Greiner JV, Hardten DR et al (2012) A new system, the LipiFlow, for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction. Cornea 31(4):396–404
Laufenböck C, Ondrejka S, Meunel S Behandlung der Demodex folliculorum-assoziierten Blepharitis mittels Teebaumöl: eine Fallserie: Landeskrankenhaus Feldkirch
Lemp A (1995) Report of the National Eye Institute/Industry workshop on clinical trials in dry eyes. Eye & Contact Lens 21(4):221–232
Leonardi A, van Setten G, Amrane M, Ismail D, Garrigue J-S, Figueiredo FC, Baudouin C (2016) Efficacy and safety of 0.1 % cyclosporine A cationic emulsion in the treatment of severe dry eye disease: a multicenter randomized trial. Eur J Ophthalmol 26(4):287–296
Liang H, Baudouin C, Pauly A, Brignole-Baudouin F (2008) Conjunctival and corneal reactions in rabbits following short-and repeated exposure to preservative-free tafluprost, commercially available latanoprost and 0.02 % benzalkonium chloride. Br J Ophthalmol 92(9):1275–1282
Liew SHM, Nichols KK, KJ Klamerus, Li JZ, Zhang M, Foulks GN (2012) Tofacitinib (CP-690,550), a Janus kinase inhibitor for dry eye disease: results from a phase 1/2 trial. Ophthalmol 119(7):1328–1335
Liu Z, Pflugfelder SC (1999) Corneal surface regularity and the effect of artificial tears in aqueous tear deficiency. Ophthalmol 106(5):939–943
Luyckx J, Baudouin C (2011) Trehalose: an intriguing disaccharide with potential for medical application in ophthalmology. Clin Ophthalmol (Auckland, NZ) 5:577
MacLeod A, Kumar PAV, Hertess I, Newing R (1990) Microvascular submandibular gland transfer; an alternative approach for total xerophthalmia. Br J Plast Surg 43(4):437–439
Maïssa C, Guillon M (2010) Tear film dynamics and lipid layer characteristics—effect of age and gender. Contact Lens and Anterior Eye 33(4):176–182
Martone G, Frezzotti P, Tosi GM, Traversi C, Mittica V, Malandrini A et al (2009) An in vivo confocal microscopy analysis of effects of topical antiglaucoma therapy with preservative on corneal innervation and morphology. Am J Ophthalmol 147(4):725–735. e1
Maskin SL (2010) Intraductal meibomian gland probing relieves symptoms of obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction. Cornea 29(10):1145–1152
Maskin SL, Kantor K Intraductal Meibomian gland probing to restore gland functionality for obstructive Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD): dry eye and cornea treatment center, Tampa, Florida
Matsuo T (2004) Trehalose versus hyaluronan or cellulose in eyedrops for the treatment of dry eye. Jpn J Ophthalmol 48(4):321–327
McCulley JP, Shine WE (1998) Meibomian secretions in chronic blepharitis. Lacrimal gland, tear film, and dry eye syndromes 2. Springer, Boston, S. 319–326
Meinert H, Roy T (2000) Semifluorinated alkanes-a new class of compounds with outstanding properties for use in ophthalmology. Eur J Ophthalmol 10(3):189–197
Messmer EM (2012) Konservierungsmittel in der Ophthalmologie. Der Ophthalmologe 109(11):1064–1070
Miljanović B, Dana R, Sullivan DA, Schaumberg DA. (2007) Impact of dry eye syndrome on vision-related quality of life. Am J Ophthalmol 143(3):409–415. e2
Moon S-W, Hwang J-H, Chung S-H, Nam K-H (2010) The impact of artificial tears containing hydroxypropyl guar on mucous layer. Cornea 29(12):1430–1435
Müller-Lierheim GK (2014) Neues über Hyaluronsäure in Tränenersatzlösungen. Ophthalmologische Nachr 12:22–23
Murube-del-Castillo J (1985) Transplantation of salivary gland to the lacrimal basin. Scand J Rheumatol 1985(Supplement 61):264–267
Nagymihályi A, Dikstein S, Tiffany JM (2004) The influence of eyelid temperature on the delivery of meibomian oil. Exp Eye Res 78(3):367–370
Nepp J, Horwath-Winter J, Mitsch C, Boldin I, Rabensteiner DF, Wedrich A (2016) Arbeitsablauf zur Behandlung des Trockenen Auges, ein Versuch der Zuordnung von Diagnose zur Therapie. Spektrum der Augenheilkunde 30(3):122–136
Niesman (1992) The use of liposomes as drug carriers in ophthalmology. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 9(1):1–38
Niyadurupola N, Broadway DC (2008) The impact of preservatives on the success rate of glaucoma filtration surgery. View on Glaucoma 3(3):10–14
Noecker R (2001) Effects of common ophthalmic preservatives on ocular health. Adv Ther 18(5):205–215
Noecker RJ, Herrygers LA, Anwaruddin R (2004) Corneal and conjunctival changes caused by commonly used glaucoma medications. Cornea 23(5):490–496
Oleñik A, Jiménez-Alfaro I, Alejandre-Alba N, Mahillo-Fernández I (2013) A randomized, double-masked study to evaluate the effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in meibomian gland dysfunction. Clin Interv Aging 8:1133
Pflugfelder SC, Maskin SL, Anderson B, Chodosh J, Holland EJ, De Paiva CS et al (2004) A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, multicenter comparison of loteprednol etabonate ophthalmic suspension, 0.5 %, and placebo for treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in patients with delayed tear clearance. Am J Ophthalmol 138(3):444–457
Pilotaz F, Pecout A, Do M (2015) Study of Xailin night physical properties versus marketed ocular lubricant products. Acta Ophthalmol 93:255
Pirschel C, Brewitt H, Daenecke G (1998) Vergleichende rasterelektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung zur Wirkung von Tränenersatzmitteln unterschiedlicher Viskosität und unterschiedlichen Konservierungsmittelgehaltes auf die Augenoberfläche von Kaninchen. Contactologia 20(2):49–64
Pisella PJ (2008) Ways to improve patients compliance to glaucoma treatment. View on Glaucoma 3(3):9–12
Pisella P-J, Debbasch C, Hamard P, Creuzot-Garcher C, Rat P, Brignole F, Baudouin C (2004) Conjunctival proinflammatory and proapoptotic effects of latanoprost and preserved and unpreserved timolol: an ex vivo and in vitro study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 45(5):1360–1368
Pisella PJ, Pouliquen P, Baudouin C (2002) Prevalence of ocular symptoms and signs with preserved and preservative free glaucoma medication. Br J Ophthalmol 86(4):418–423
Posa A, Sel S, Dietz R, Sander R, Bräuer L, Paulsen F (2014) Aktuelle Inzidenz des Trockenen Auges in Deutschland. Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 231(1):42–46
Pult H, Riede-Pult BH, Purslow C (2012) A comparison of an eyelid-warming device to traditional compress therapy. Optom Vis Sci 89(7):E1035–E1041
Rangarajan R, Kraybill B, Ketelson HA (2014) Effects of a dual polymer artificial tear solution on prolonged protection and recovery in an in-vitro Human corneal epithelial cell model. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 55(13):3695
Rieger G (1990) Lipid-containing eye drops: a step closer to natural tears. Ophthalmol 201(4):206–212
Schechter BA, Katz RS, Friedman LS (2009) Efficacy of topical cyclosporine for the treatment of ocular rosacea. Adv Ther 26(6):651–659
Scheuerle AF, Kruse FE (2004) Treatment of “dry eyes”. Medizinische Monatsschrift für Pharmazeuten 27(6):199
Schirra F, Ruprecht KW (2004) Das trockene Auge Ein Update uber Epidemiologie, Diagnose, Therapie und neue Konzepte. Der Ophthalmologe 101(1):10–18
Schirra F, Suzuki T, Richards SM, Jensen RV, Liu M, Lombardi MJ et al (2005) Androgen control of gene expression in the mouse meibomian gland. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 46(10):3666–3675
Schlote T, Kadner G, Freudenthaler N (2004) Marked reduction and distinct patterns of eye blinking in patients with moderately dry eyes during video display terminal use. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 242(4):306–312
Semba CP, Torkildsen GL, Lonsdale JD, McLaurin EB, Geffin JA, Mundorf TK et al (2012) A phase 2 randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study of a novel integrin antagonist (SAR 1118) for the treatment of dry eye. American J Ophthalmol 153(6):1050–1060. e1
Sheppard JD, Scoper SV, Samudre S (2011) Topical loteprednol pretreatment reduces cyclosporine stinging in chronic dry eye disease. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 27(1):23–27
Sieg P, Geerling G, Kosmehl H, Lauer I, Warnecke K, von Domarus H (2000) Microvascular submandibular gland transfer for severe cases of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Plast Reconstr Surg 106(3):554–560
Sieg P, Schirner G (1995) Mikrovaskulärer Glandula-submandibularis-Transfer—eine alternative Therapie der Xerophthalmie. Dtsch Z Mund Kiefer Gesichts Chir 19:228–230
Sim HS, Petznick A, Barbier S, Tan JH, Acharya UR, Yeo S et al (2014) A randomized, controlled treatment trial of eyelid-warming therapies in meibomian gland dysfunction. Ophthalmol Ther 3(1–2):37–48
Simmons PA, Liu H, Carlisle-Wilcox C, Vehige JG (2015) Efficacy and safety of two new formulations of artificial tears in subjects with dry eye disease: a 3-month, multicenter, active-controlled, randomized trial. Clin Ophthalmol (Auckland, NZ) 9:665
Skalicky SE, Petsoglou C, Gurbaxani A, Fraser CL, McCluskey P (2013) New agents for treating dry eye syndrome. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 13(3):322–328
Springs CL (2010a) Novel hydroxypropyl-guar gellable lubricant eye drops for treatment of dry eye. Adv Ther 27(10):681–690
Springs C (2010) Novel ocular lubricant containing an intelligent delivery system: details of its mechanism of action. Research Projects in Dry Eye Syndrome, Bd. 45. Karger Publishers, Basel, S. 139–147
Steven P (2017) Antientzündliche Therapie beim Trockenen Auge. Zeitschrift für praktische Augenheilkunde 38(4):17–22
Stevenson D, Tauber J, Reis BL (2000) Cyclosporin A Phase 2 Study Group: efficacy and safety of cyclosporin A ophthalmic emulsion in the treatment of moderate-to-severe dry eye disease: a dose-ranging, randomized trial. Ophthalmology 107(5):967–974
Sy A, O’Brien KS, Liu MP, Cuddapah PA, Acharya NR, Lietman TM, Rose-Nussbaumer J (2015) Expert opinion in the management of aqueous Deficient Dry Eye Disease (DED). BMC Ophthalmol 15(1):133
Tai M-C, Cosar CB, Cohen EJ, Rapuano CJ, Laibson PR (2002) The clinical efficacy of silicone punctal plug therapy. Cornea 21(2):135–139
Tighe S, Gao Y-Y, Tseng SCG (2013) Terpinen-4-ol is the most active ingredient of tea tree oil to kill Demodex mites. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2(7):2
Torens S, Berger E, Stave J (2000) Die Luft-, Spiegel- und Laser-Rastermikroskopie zur bildmorphologischen Darstellung und Beurteilung des präkornealen Tränenfilms. Concactologia 20(2)
Tsai JC (2006) Medication adherence in glaucoma: approaches for optimizing patient compliance. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 17(2):190–195
Tsai JC, McClure CA, Ramos SE, Schlundt DG, Pichert JW (2003) Compliance barriers in glaucoma: a systematic classification. J Glaucoma 12(5):393–398
Tsubota K, Goto E, Fujita H, Ono M, Inoue H, Saito I, Shimmura S (1999) Treatment of dry eye by autologous serum application in Sjögren’s syndrome. Br J Ophthalmol 83(4):390–395
Turner K, Pflugfelder SC, Ji Z, Feuer WJ, Stern M, Reis BL (2000) Interleukin-6 levels in the conjunctival epithelium of patients with dry eye disease treated with cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion. Cornea 19(4):492–496
Uhl M, Gans O, Grillitsch B, Fürhacker M, Kreuzinger N (2005) Grundlagen zur Risikoabschätzung für quaternäre Ammoniumverbindungen. Umweltbundesamt, Wien, S. 157
Unterlauft JD, Kohlhaas M, Hofbauer I, Kasper K, Geerling G (2009) Albumin eye drops for treatment of ocular surface diseases. Der Ophthalmologe: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft 106(10):932–937
Urzua CA, Vasquez DH, Huidobro A, Hernandez H, Alfaro J (2012) Randomized double-blind clinical trial of autologous serum versus artificial tears in dry eye syndrome. Curr Eye Res 37(8):684–688
Vrabec MP, Elsing SH, Aitken PA (1993) A prospective, randomized comparison of thermal cautery and argon laser for permanent punctal occlusion. Am J Ophthalmol 116(4):469–471
Xiong C, Chen D, L J, Liu B, Li N, Zhou Y et al (2008) A rabbit dry eye model induced by topical medication of a preservative benzalkonium chloride. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 49(5):1850–1856
Yang H-Y, Fujishima H, Toda I, Shimazaki J, Tsubota K (1997) Lacrimal punctal occlusion for the treatment of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol 124(1):80–87
Yokoi N, Komuro A, Nishida K, Kinoshita S (1997) Effectiveness of hyaluronan on corneal epithelial barrier function in dry eye. Br J Ophthalmol 81(7):533–536
Zhang H, Zhou Z, Chen Z, Zhao C (1995) Management of the dry eye with parotid duct transplantation: a summary on 40 cases. Yan ke xue bao= Eye science/” Yan ke xue bao” bian ji bu 11(2):67–69
Zhao Y-E, Wu L-P, Hu L, Xu J-R (2012) Association of blepharitis with Demodex: a meta-analysis. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 19(2):95–102
Zhou XQ, Wei RL (2014) Topical cyclosporine A in the treatment of dry eye: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cornea 33(7):760–767
Zimmermann N, Erb C (2011) Altbewährte und innovative Therapie der Volkskrankheit Blepharitis. Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 228(2):K11
Zimmermann N, Erb C (2012) Therapiestrategien beim Trockenen Auge–eine Übersicht über mögliche Substitutionstherapien und kausaltherapeutische Ansätze. Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 229(12):1198–1203
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dahlmann, C. (2019). Therapie. In: Sicca-Syndrom. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56409-7_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56409-7_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-56408-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-56409-7
eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)