Abstract
When we design and investigate an artifact in context, we need a conceptual framework to define structures in the artifact and its context. In Sect. 8.1, we look at two different kinds of conceptual structures, namely, architectural and statistical structures. In information systems and software engineering research, the context of the artifact often contains people, and researchers usually share concepts with them. This creates a reflective conceptual structure that is typical of social research, discussed in Sect. 8.2. Conceptual frameworks are tools for the mind, and the functions of conceptual frameworks are discussed in Sect. 8.3. In order to measure constructs, we have to operationalize them. This is subject to the requirements of construct validity, discussed in Sect. 8.4.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
W. Bechtel, A. Abrahamsen, Explanation: a mechanistic alternative. Stud. Hist. Philos. Biol. Biomed. Sci. 36, 421–441 (2005)
N. Bettenburg, A.E. Hassan, Studying the impact of social interactions on software quality. Empir. Softw. Eng. 18(2), 375–431 (2013)
A. Borgida, V. Chaudhri, P. Giorgini, E. Yu, Conceptual Modelling: Foundations and Applications (Springer, Heidelberg, 2009)
P. Clements, F. Bachmann, L. Bass, D. Garlan, J. Ivers, R. Little, P. Merson, R. Nord, J. Stafford, Documenting Software Architectures: Views and Beyond, 2nd edn. (Addison-Wesley, Boston, 2010)
E.J. Dijksterhuis, The Mechanization of the World Picture (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1961). Transl. C. Dikshoorn
W. Engelsman, R.J. Wieringa, Goal-oriented requirements engineering and enterprise architecture: Two case studies and some lessons learned, in Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality (REFSQ 2012), Essen, Germany. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 7195 (Springer, Heidelberg, 2012), pp. 306–320
D. Freedman, R. Pisani, R. Purves, Statistics, 4th edn. (Norton & Company, New York, 2007)
S. Gordon, History and Philosophy of Social Science (Routledge, London, 1992)
C. Hildebrand, G. Häubl, A. Herrmann, J.R. Landwher, When social media can be bad for you: Community feedback stifles consumer creativity and reduces satisfaction with self-designed products. Inf. Syst. Res. 24(1), 14–29 (2013)
C. Hofmeister, R. Nord, D. Soni, Applied Software Architecture (Addison-Wesley, Boston, 2000)
T. Huynh, J. Miller, An empirical investigation into open source web applications’ implementation vulnerabilities. Empir. Softw. Eng. 15(5), 556–576 (2010)
M.A. Jackson, Problem Frames: Analysing and Structuring Software Development Problems (Addison-Wesley, Boston, 2000)
R. Kaschek, L. Delcambre (eds.), The Evolution of Conceptual Modeling. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 6520 (Springer, Heidelberg, 2011)
Z. Li, N.H. Madhavji, S.S. Murtaza, M. Gittens, A.V. Miranskyy, D. Godwin, E. Cialini, Characteristics of multiple-component defects and architectural hotspots: A large system case study. Empir. Softw. Eng. 16, 667–702 (2011)
P. Machamer, L. Darden, C.F. Craver, Thinking about mechanisms. Philos. Sci. 67, 1–25 (2000)
R. Makkreel, Wilhem Dilthey, in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. by E.N. Zalta. Summer 2012 Edition (2012)
G. Morgan, Images of Organization (Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, 1986)
A.W. ter Mors, The World According to MARP. PhD thesis, Delft University of Technology, 2010. http://www.st.ewi.tudelft.nl/~adriaan/pubs/terMorsPhDthesis.pdf
A. Olivé. Conceptual Modeling of Information Systems (Springer, Heidelberg, 2007)
R. Poli, J. Seibt, M. Healy, A. Kameas (eds.), Theory and Applications of Ontology. Computer Applications, vol. 2 (Springer, Heidelberg, 2011)
Z. Racheva, M. Daneva, A. Herrmann, K. Sikkel, R.J. Wieringa, Do we know enough about requirements prioritization in agile projects: Insights from a case study, in 18th International IEEE Requirements Engineering Conference, Sydney (IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos, 2010), pp. 147–156
N.F.M. Roozenburg, J. Eekels, Product Design: Fundamentals and Methods (Wiley, Boston, 1995)
A. Sayer, Method in Social Science: A Realist Approach, 2nd edn. (Routledge, London, 1992)
W.R. Shadish, T.D. Cook, D.T. Campbell, Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference (Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, 2002)
M. Shaw, D. Garlan, Software Architecture: Perspective on an Emerging Discipline (Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, 1996)
H.A. Simon, The Sciences of the Artificial (MIT Press, Cambridge, 1969)
D.I.K. Sjøberg, T. Dybå, M. Jörgensen, The future of empirical methods in software engineering research, in Future of Software Engineering (IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos, 2007), pp. 358–378
L. Wasserman, All of Statistics. A Concise Course in Statistical Inference (Springer, Heidelberg, 2004)
R.S. Westfall, The Construction of Modern Science: Mechanisms and Mechanics (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2005); First printing Wiley, 1971
R. Wieringa, Real-world semantics of conceptual models, in The Evolution of Conceptual Modeling, ed. by R. Kaschek, L. Delcambre. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 6520 (Springer, Heidelberg, 2011), pp. 1–20
R.J. Wieringa, Design Methods for Reactive Systems: Yourdon, Statemate and the UML (Morgan Kaufmann, Burlington, 2003)
R.J. Wieringa, W. de Jonge, Object identifiers, keys, and surrogates—object identifiers revisited. Theory Pract. Object Syst. 1(2), 101–114 (1995)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wieringa, R.J. (2014). Conceptual Frameworks. In: Design Science Methodology for Information Systems and Software Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43839-8_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43839-8_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-43838-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-43839-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)