Skip to main content
  • 302 Accesses

Abstract

Modern photographic films and papers for amateur use are based on the negative-positive process. As shown at the top of Fig. 10.1, a negative film is composed at least of three photo-sensitive layers, i.e., a red-sensitive emulsion layer with a cyan coupler, a green-sensitive emulsion layer with a magenta coupler, and a blue-sensitive emulsion layer with a yellow coupler. In contrast to the reversal process which involves black-and-white development in addition to color development, the negative-positive process undergoes color development only. Hence, the resulting picture is a negative image (i.e., a complementary color image) of the original image.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Brown GH, Figueras J, Gledhill RJ, Kibler CJ, McCrossen FC, Pafmerter SM, Vittum PW, Weissberger A (1957) J Am Chem Soc 79: 2919

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Bailey J, Williams LA (1971) The Photographic Color Development Process. In: Venkataramn K (ed) The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes, Vol V, Acacemic, New York London. Chapter V I

    Google Scholar 

  3. Furutachi N (1983) Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokai Shi. 41: 439

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Kaneko U (1992) J Soc Photogr Sci Technol Jpn. 55: 353

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Furutachi N (1986, 2002 ) In: Functionalized Organic Chemicals for Silver Halide Color Photographic Materials, CMC, Tokyo. Chapter 2, Section 4

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kimura S, Yoshida M (1965) Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokai Shi. 23: 989

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Kimura S, Yoshida M (1967) Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokai Shi. 25: 922

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Portuaya BS, Spasokukotsky NS, Twitsyna NF, Bobkova TP, Arbuzov GL, Leukoev II (1956) J Gen Chem USSR. 26: 2381

    Google Scholar 

  9. Lurie AP, Brown GH, Thirtle JR, Weissberger A (1961) J Am Chem Soc. 83: 5015

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Barr CR, Brown GH, Thirtle FR, Weissberger A (1961) Photogr Sci & Eng. 5: 195

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Kobayashi H, Mihayashi K (1994) J Soc Photogr Sci Technol Jpn. 57: 316

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Bard CC, Larson GW, Hammnd H, Packard C (1980) J Appl Photogr Eng. 6: 42

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Lau PTS, Jozefiak TH, Welter TR (1995) US Patent 5 457 008

    Google Scholar 

  14. Saito N, Aoki K, Yokota Y (1987) US Patent 4 690 889

    Google Scholar 

  15. Ishii F (1989) J Soc Photogr Sci Technol Jpn. 52: 156

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Fierke SS, Chechak JJ (1957) US Patent 2 801 171

    Google Scholar 

  17. Tuite RJ (1979) J Appl Photogr Eng. 5: 200

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Ramello P (1973) US Patent 3 772 002

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ogawa T, Takahashi 0 (1989) US Patent 4 857 449

    Google Scholar 

  20. Ogawa T, Takahashi 0 (1991) Fujifilm Res Dey. 36: 7

    Google Scholar 

  21. Salminen IF, Barr CR, Loria A (1959) US Patent 2 895 826

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kojima T, Sato 0, Endo T, Usui T, Horiuchi T (1978) Jpn Patent S53–2728

    Google Scholar 

  23. Sasaki T, Kaneko U, Ishii F, Tsuda Y, Kimura K, Kato K (1988) Jpn Patent S63–30619

    Google Scholar 

  24. Osborn HJ (1978) US Patent 4 124 396

    Google Scholar 

  25. Clarke D, Leyshon LJ, Smith KE (2002) US Patent 6 444 417 B1

    Google Scholar 

  26. Ogawa A, Aoki K, Tanabe 0, Umemoto M (1985) Jpn Kokai S60–24547

    Google Scholar 

  27. Tang P, Steele MD (2000) US Patent 6 096 494

    Google Scholar 

  28. Lau PTS, Cowan SW, Rossi LT (1997) US Patent 5 686 235

    Google Scholar 

  29. Lau PT, Cowan SW, Rossi LJ (1999) US Patent 5 962 198

    Google Scholar 

  30. Begley WJ, Russo GM, Curt DT (2001) US Patent 6 251 575

    Google Scholar 

  31. Begley WJ, Corns FD, Russo GM (2001) US Patent 6 194 132

    Google Scholar 

  32. Begley WJ, Russo GM, Curt DT (2001) US Patent 6 197 491

    Google Scholar 

  33. Begley WJ, Corns FD, Russo GM (2001) US Patent 6 207 363

    Google Scholar 

  34. Lau PTS (1 982) US Patent 4 333 999

    Google Scholar 

  35. Sato R, Katoh K, Sasaki T, Sugita H (1983) Jpn Kokai S58–213748; Sugita H, Tsuda Y, Ito K, Shimba S (1984) US Patent 4 434 225; Katoh K, Nakagawa S (1986) US Patent 4 609 619

    Google Scholar 

  36. Kamio T, Ono M, Aoki K, Watanabe T, Arakawa J (1985) Jpn Kokai S6037557

    Google Scholar 

  37. Hoke D, Kilminster KN (1989) US Patent 4 849 329

    Google Scholar 

  38. ] Kobayashi H, Furuya K, Tsukahara Z (1994) J Soc Photogr Sci Technol Jpn. 57: 333

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Zengerle PL, Sowinski AF (1998) US Patent 5 726 003

    Google Scholar 

  40. Zengerle PL, Sowinski AF (1998) US Patent 5 834 175

    Google Scholar 

  41. Kaneko U (1992) J Soc Photogr Sci Technol Jpn. 55: 199

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Bailey J, Harrow DN (1988) US 4 728 598

    Google Scholar 

  43. Tachibana K, Kaneko Y, Ishii F (1989) US 4 873 183

    Google Scholar 

  44. Suzuki M, Sato T, Sato K, Ishii Y, Naruse H, Shimada Y (1993) US Patent 5 256 526

    Google Scholar 

  45. Takahashi O, Yoshioka Y, Soejima S, Shimada Y, Morigaki M (2000) US Patent 6 103 460

    Google Scholar 

  46. Seto N, Morigaki M, Yoshioka Y, Soejima S, Takahashi O, Mikoshiba H (2000) US Patent 6 132 945

    Google Scholar 

  47. Sato K, Ishii Y, Yamakawa K (1995) US Patent 5 401 624

    Google Scholar 

  48. Matsuda N (2000) US Patent 6 159 671

    Google Scholar 

  49. Tateishi K, Mikoshiba H, Matsuda N (2002) US Patent 6 399 291 B1

    Google Scholar 

  50. Tateishi K, Mikoshiba H, Matsuda N (2002) US Patent 6 495 697 B l

    Google Scholar 

  51. Kato Y, Mikoshiba H, Matsuda N, Kojima T (2003) US Patent 6 541 192 B2

    Google Scholar 

  52. Brown GH, Graham B, Vittum PW, Weissberger A (1951) J Am Chem Soc. 73: 919

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Vittum PW, Duennebier FC (1950) J Am Chem Soc. 72: 1536

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Furutachi N (1992) J Soc Photogr Sci Technol Jpn. 55: 192

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Loria A, Weissberger A, Wittum PW (1952) US Patent 2 600 788

    Google Scholar 

  56. Beavers LE (1961) US Patent 2 983 608

    Google Scholar 

  57. Greenhalgh CW, Stone KC (1964) US Patent 3 127 269

    Google Scholar 

  58. Sawyer JF, Fenton DE (1995) US Patent 5 399 468

    Google Scholar 

  59. Lestina GJ (1984) US Patent 4 443 536

    Google Scholar 

  60. Bailey J (1977) J Chem Soc Perken 1. 2047

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Bailey J, Middlesex H, Knott EB, Marr PA (1973) US Patent 3 725 067

    Google Scholar 

  62. Sato T (1989) J Soc Photogr Sci Technol Jpn. 52: 162

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Ogawa T, Sato T, Takahashi O, Hasebe K, Furutachi N (1991) Nippon Kagakukai Shi. 719

    Google Scholar 

  64. Buckland PR, Leyshon LJ (1988) US Patent 4 777 121

    Google Scholar 

  65. Kaneko U (1993) J Soc Photogr Sci Technol Jpn. 56: 301

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Kita H, lizuka H, Daifuku K (1999) J Soc Photogr Sci Technol Jpn. 62: 31

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Nakayama N, Kawakatsu S, Katoh K, Shinozaki K (1991) US Patent 5 032 497

    Google Scholar 

  68. Kita H, Ishida H, Kaneko Y (1995) US Patent 5 470 697

    Google Scholar 

  69. Romanet RF, Burns PA, Fischer SM, Spara PP, Balasubramanian RP, Lincoln DG (1999) US Patent 5 972 587

    Google Scholar 

  70. Iijima T, Kumashiro K, Kashiwagi H, Hatta K, Hotta Y, Ohya H, Nakayama N, Kawakatsu S, Katoh K, Shinozaki K (1989) US Patent 4 840 886

    Google Scholar 

  71. Burns PA, Harder JW (1991) US Patent 5 021 325

    Google Scholar 

  72. Romanet RF, Chen T-H (1993) US Patent 5 183 728

    Google Scholar 

  73. Bose JA, Friedrich LE, Hoke D, Potenza JC, Romanet RF, Singer SP, Valente RR (1999) US Patent 5 985 532

    Google Scholar 

  74. Nakamine T, Motoki M, Kawagishi T, Matsuda N (1997) US Patent 5 656 418

    Google Scholar 

  75. Nakamine T, Motoki M, Kawagishi T, Matsuda N (1999) US Patent 5 858 635

    Google Scholar 

  76. Mikoshiba H, Fukuzawa H, Matsuda N (2003) US Patent 6 548 237 B2

    Google Scholar 

  77. Nishijima T (1991) US Patent 5 017 465

    Google Scholar 

  78. Kadokura K, Yamazaki K (1993) US Patent 5 236 819

    Google Scholar 

  79. Douglas P, Townsend SM, Ratcliffe R (1991) J Imaging Sci. 35: 211

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Douglas P, Clarke D (1991) J Chem Soc Perkin 2. 1363

    Google Scholar 

  81. Franke CA, Mura Jr AJ, Eiff SL (2000) US Patent 6 013 429

    Google Scholar 

  82. Sato T, Kawagishi T, Furutachi N (1985) US Patent 4 540 654

    Google Scholar 

  83. Sato T, Kawagishi T, Furutachi N (1986) US Patent 4 621 046

    Google Scholar 

  84. Sato T, Kawagishi T, Furutachi N (1987) US Patent 4 705 863

    Google Scholar 

  85. Asami M, Yoneyama H (1996) US Patent 5 578 437

    Google Scholar 

  86. Mizukawa Y, Motoki M, Sato T, Takahashi 0 (1995) US Patent 5 451 501

    Google Scholar 

  87. Mizukawa Y, Motoki M, Sato T, Takahashi 0 (1996) US Patent 5 532 377

    Google Scholar 

  88. Tang P-W, Cowan SW (2000) US Patent 6 143 485

    Google Scholar 

  89. Nakazyo K, Hirose T, Hurusawa G, Takahashi 0, Furutachi N, Kobayashi H (1990) US Patent 4 900 655

    Google Scholar 

  90. Furutachi N (1986) US Patent 4 588 679

    Google Scholar 

  91. Morigaki M, Kawagishi T, Nakazyo K, Seto N, Kamei S (1988) US Patent 4 735 893

    Google Scholar 

  92. Furuya K, Furutachi N, Oda S, Maruyama K (1994) J Chem Soc Perkin 2. 531

    Google Scholar 

  93. Morigaki M, Seto N, Aoki K (1993) US Patent 5 212 055

    Google Scholar 

  94. Sato T (1991) Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokai Shi. 49: 541

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Tanaka M, Kubodera S (1991) US Patent 5 034 371 224 10. Couplers

    Google Scholar 

  96. Mikoshiba H, Tanaka M, Kubodera S (1993) US Patent 5 227 379

    Google Scholar 

  97. Mikoshiba H, Tanaka M, Kubodera S (2000) J Soc Photogr Sci Technol Jpn. 63: 322

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Mikoshiba H, Kamio T (2002) US Patent 6 458 194 Bl

    Google Scholar 

  99. Weissberger A, Kibler CJ (1966) US Patent 3 265 506

    Google Scholar 

  100. Usui T, Kato K, Kojima T (1982) US Patent 4 356 258

    Google Scholar 

  101. Shimura Y, Kobayashi H, Yoshioka Y (1994) US Patent 5 359 080

    Google Scholar 

  102. Shimura Y, Kobayashi H, Yoshioka Y (1994) US Patent 5 427 902

    Google Scholar 

  103. Tanaka M, Yagihara M, Aono T, Hirose T (1979) US Patent 4 149 886

    Google Scholar 

  104. Motoki M, Ichijima S, Saito N, Kamio T, Mihayashi K (1993) US Patent 5 213 958

    Google Scholar 

  105. Shibahara Y, Yamada K, Ishimaru S (1995) Fuji Film Res & Dev. 40: 1

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Clark BA, McNab H, Sommerville CC (1997) US Patent 5 674 667

    Google Scholar 

  107. Welter TR, Reynolds JH (2000) US Patent 6 015 658

    Google Scholar 

  108. Welter TR, Reynolds JH (2000) US Patent 6 057 087

    Google Scholar 

  109. Welter TR, Reynolds JH (2000) US Patent 6 083 677

    Google Scholar 

  110. Welter TR, Corns FD (2002) US Patent 6 455 241 B1

    Google Scholar 

  111. Clark BA, Gourley RN, NcNab H, Sommerville CC (1997) US Patent 5 693 458

    Google Scholar 

  112. Firestine JC, Umberger JQ (1964) US Patent 3 163 625

    Google Scholar 

  113. Dawson GA (1968) US Patent 3 370 952

    Google Scholar 

  114. Van Paesschen AJ, Priem JJ (1978) US Patent 4 080 211

    Google Scholar 

  115. Yagihara M, Hirano T, Mihayashi K, Ozawa T (1983) US Patent 4 409 320

    Google Scholar 

  116. Yagihara M, Mihayashi K, Ozawa T (1984) US Patent 4 474 870

    Google Scholar 

  117. Hirano T, Mihayashi K, Yagihara M (1984) US Patent 4 444 870

    Google Scholar 

  118. Sakanoue K, Hirano T (1988) US Patent 4 791 051

    Google Scholar 

  119. Hirano T, Sakanoue K (1990) US Patent 4 937 179

    Google Scholar 

  120. Itoh I, Takada S, Ikenoue S (1984) Nikkakyo Geppo. 1984 (12): 18

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Fujita, S. (2004). Couplers. In: Organic Chemistry of Photography. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09130-2_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09130-2_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-05902-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-09130-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics