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The Definition of Creativity from the Understanding of Gifted Students, Their Families and Their Teachers

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Education – Spirituality – Creativity

Abstract

This article analyses qualitative interviews taken of students, teachers and parents of gifted students on the question of creativity. It integrates these answers into the already existing research and definitions of creativity in the literature. Regarding the participants, a total of twenty-four people took part in this research, being eight students, eight family members and eight teachers who answered an individual and recorded interview which was fully transcribed. For the discussion of the data, this research relied on the theories of Lev Vygotsky and Rudolf Steiner. Like Vygotsky, Rudolf Steiner (2000a, b) considers creativity an important attribute of the human being, part of its own structure and function of consciousness, enabling the capacity of invention, imagination and creation for the integral development of each person. For the participants of this research, the definition of creativity considers multiple forms of its expression. The participants’ understanding of the phenomenon of creativity comes close to that of specialists from Brazil and the world, who generally define this attribute linked to innovation, invention, different learning strategies, to go beyond the standard, to express oneself with freedom and creative capacity.

Zusammenfassung

Dieser Artikel analysiert qualitative Interviews mit Schüler*innen, Lehrer*innen und Eltern begabter Schüler*innen zur Frage der Kreativität. Die Antworten werden mit der bereits vorhandenen Forschung und Definition von Kreativität in der Literatur abgeglichen. An dieser Untersuchung nahmen insgesamt vierundzwanzig Personen teil, darunter acht Schüler, acht Familienmitglieder und acht Lehrer*innen, die in einem einzelnen, aufgezeichneten Interview antworteten, das vollständig transkribiert wurde. Für die Diskussion der Daten stützt sich diese Forschung auf die Theorien von Lev Vygotsky und Rudolf Steiner. Wie Vygotsky betrachtet auch Steiner (2000a, 2000b) Kreativität als ein wichtiges Attribut des Menschen, das Teil der Struktur und Funktion seines Bewusstseins ist und Erfindungsgabe, Vorstellungskraft und Schöpfung für die integrale menschliche Entwicklung ermöglicht. Die Teilnehmer*innen dieser Forschung berücksichtigen für die Definition von Kreativität unterschiedliche Ausdrucksformen. Ihr Verständnis des Phänomens Kreativität kommt jenem der Fachleute aus Brasilien und der Welt nahe. Sie definieren dieses Attribut im Allgemeinen mit Innovation, Erfindung, verschiedenen Lernstrategien, um sich mit Freiheit und kreativen Fähigkeiten ausdrücken zu können.

This article was part of a Phd in an American university as a visiting scholar in the United States. This work was funded by CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) of Brazil. Process number: 88881.134528 / 2016-01. OR-CID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1516-6455. E-mail: ferhellenrp@gmail.com.

This research was also supported by a fellowship from CNPq-National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil, n. 311402/2015-1 and 307143/2018-0.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Curricular Enrichment Activities are optional and of an eminently playful, formative and cultural nature that focus, in particular, on the sports, artistic, scientific and technological domains. Enrichment programs take a very diverse form, ranging from small group activities to individual project work. It is important that these programs constitute opportunities for developing skills and strategies for creative problem solving, developing social and emotional skills. (Source: Almeida, L. S., & Miranda, L. (2012). Programa Odisseia: Um programa de enriquecimento escolar para alunos sobredotados. Imagens da Educação, 2(2), 57–66. https://doi.org/10.4025/imagenseduc.v2i2.16101).

  2. 2.

    The name of each participant in this survey has been modified to preserve their anonymity.

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Piske, F.H.R., Stoltz, T. (2021). The Definition of Creativity from the Understanding of Gifted Students, Their Families and Their Teachers. In: Stoltz, T., Wiehl, A. (eds) Education – Spirituality – Creativity. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-32968-6_13

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