Zusammenfassung
Als das Wesentliche einer Krebsgeschwulst ist das von dem Ursprungsgewebe unabhängige selbständige Wachstum und der selbständige Stoffwechsel anzusehen. Ob der Stoffwechsel die Ursache für das unabhängige Wachstum ist oder umgekehrt das Wachstum die Ursache für den andersartigen Stoffwechsel, kann hier nicht erörtert werden. Außer durch den Stoffwechsel und durch das Wachstum scheinen alle Tumorzellen durch ihre Kurzlebigkeit gegenüber den Stromazellen und gegenüber den Ursprungszellen ausgezeichnet zu sein, wie die in-vitro-Züchtungen übereinstimmend ergeben haben (s. A. Fischer, Margaret R. Lewis und L. C. Strong). Dagegen sind die Geschwulstzellen nicht durch einen bestimmten aberranten Chromosomenbestand oder durch ein oder mehrere abnorme Chromosomen ausgezeichnet (Winge 1927, Goldschmidt und Fischer 1929). Vielmehr weisen neuere Untersuchungen eindeutig darauf hin, daß die Abweichungen im Chromosomenbestand der Tumorzellen, die unzweifelhaft typisch für die Geschwülste sind, erstens nicht unbedingt vorhanden zu sein brauchen, zum andern in ein und demselben Tumor ganz verschiedenartig sind, nie ist überdies eine für einen Fall spezifische Abnormität nachgewiesen (Andres 1932a und b, Levine 1929, Margaret R. Lewis und L. C. Strong 1934). Die Chromosomenabnormitäten der Tumorzellen sind vorläufig schwer zu verstehen und nicht zu erklären.
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Schrifttum
1. Einleitung
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2. Das Vorkommen der Tumoren bei den Tieren
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3. Die Drosophila-Tumoren
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4. Schmetterlingstumoren
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6. Die Mammatumorstämme der Maus
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Strong, L. C. and L. F. Whitney: The treatment of spontaneous tumors in dogs by the injection of Heptyl Aldehyde. Science (NY). 88 (1938).
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7. Die übrigen Tumorstämme bei Maus und Ratte
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Strong, L. C. and G. M. Smith: Benign hepatomas in mice of the CBA strain. 1937.
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Tyzzer, E. E.: A study of heredity in relation to the development of tumours in mice. J. med. Res. 17 (1907).
Tyzzer, E. E.: A series of spontaneous tumours in mice, with observations on the influence of heredity on the frequency of their occurence. J. med. Res. 21 (1909).
Tyzzer, E. E.: A study of inheritance in mice with reference to their susceptibility to transferable tumours. J. med. Res. 21 (1909).
8. Tumorinduktionen und Genetik
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Askanazy, M.: Sarkom der Ratten nach Einwirkung von Außenweltfaktoren. Z. Krebsforsch. 34 (1931).
Askanazy, M.: Kurze Bemerkungen über den weiteren Verlauf der Versuche über Tomatensarkome. Z. Krebs-forsch. 36 (1932).
Barry, G. and J. W. Cook: A comparison of the action of some polycyclic aromatic Hydrocarbons in producing tumours of connective tissue. Amer. J. Canc. 20 (1934).
Barry, Cook, Haslewood, Hewett, J. Hieger and Kenneway: Production of Cancer by pure Hydrocarbons. Part III. Proc. roy. Soc. Lond. 117 (1935).
Bauer, K. H.: Fortschritte der experimentellen Krebsforschung. Arch. klin. Chir. 189 (1937).
Beard, H. H., TH. S. Roggersand E. von Haam:Experimental production of malignant tumors in the albino rat by means of ultraviolett rays. Amer. J. Canc. 27 (1937).
Béclère et Antoine: Le rôle des rayons de Roentgen dans la carcinogénèse expérimentale. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 1934 II
Bellows, CH. M.: Über experimentelle Sarkomerzeugung bei Ratten. Z. Krebsforsch. 34 (1931).
Bonser, G. M.: Carcinoma of the male breast in mice induced with oestrin: Effect of a Vitamin-A-deficient diet combined with oestrin treatment. J. of Path. 41 (1935).
Borme, C. and I. H. Sandground: On the pruduction of gastric tumors, bordering on malignancy in Javanese Monkeys through the agency of Nochtia Nochti, a parasitic nematode. Amer. J. Canc. 37 (1937).
Bottomley, A. C. and C. C. Twort: The carcinogenicity of chrysene and oleic acid. Amer. J. Canc. 21 (1934).
Boyland, E. and H. Burrows: The experimental production of sarcoma in rats and mice by a colloidal aqueous solution of 1: 2:5:6-dibenzanthracene. J. of Path. 41 (1935).
Brandt, M.: Zur Frage der BELLowschen Tomatentumoren. Z. Krebsforsch. 39 (1933).
Brumpt, E.: Reproduction expêrimentale du sarcome hépatique du rat par le cysticerque du Taenia taeniaeformis (= T. crassicollis) du chat. Rareté de cette tumeur chez les rats sauvages de Caracas. (Note prélim.) Ann de Parasitol. 12 (1934).
Bullock, F. D. and M. R. Curtis: A study of the reactions of the tissues of the rat’s liver to the larvae of Taenia crassicolis and the histogenesis of Cysticercus sarcom. J. Canc. Res. 8 (1924).
Bullock, F. D. and M. R. Curtis:Types of Cysticercus tumors. J. Canc. Res. 9 (1925).
Bullock, F. D. and M. R. Curtis:Further studies on the transplantation of the larvae of Taenia crassicollis and the experimental production of subcutaneous cysticercus sarcomata. J. Canc. Res. 10 (1926).
Bullock, F. D. and M. R. Curtis:The cysticercus Carcino-Osteo-Chondro-Sarcoma of the rat liver with multiple cysticercus sarcomata. J. Canc. Res. 14 (1930).
Burrows, H Mesoblastic tumours following intraperitoneal injections of 1:2:5:6-dibenzanthracene in a fathy medium. Proc. roy. Soc. Lond. 111 (1932).
Burrows, H. and J. W. CooK: Spindle-celled tumours and leucaemia in mice after injection with a water soluble compound of 1:2:5:6-Dibenzanthracene. Amer. J. Canc. 27 (1937).
Butenandt, A.: Die Struktur der kanzerogenen Substanzen. ADAM-AULERS Neuere Ergebnisse auf dem Gebiet der Krebskrankheiten. Leipzig 1937.
CooK, J. W.: The production of cancer by pure hydrocarbons. Pt. II. Proc. roy. Soc. Lond. 111 (1932).
CooK, J. W.: The production of cancer by pure chemical compounds. Verh. 1. internat. Kongr. Kampf, Krebs 2 (1933).
CooK, J. W., C. Hewettand J. Hieger: Coal tar constituents and cancer. Nature (Lond.) 1932 I I.
The isolation of a cancer-producing hydrocarbon from coal tar. Pt. I-III. J. them. Soc. Lond. 1933.
CooK, J. W., J. Hieger, E. L. Kennewayand W. V. Maynord: The production of cancer by pure hydrocarbons. Pt. I. Proc. roy. Soc. Lond. 111 (1932).
Curtis, M. R. and F. D. Bulloek: Strain and family differences in suspectibility to Cysticercus Sarcoma. J. Canc. Res. 8 (1924).
Curtis, M. R., W. F. Dunningand F. D. Bullock: Genetic factors in relation to the etiology of malignant tumors. Amer. J. Canc. 17 (1933).
Curtis, M. R., W. F. Dunningand F. D. Bullock:Duration and extent of irritation versus genetic constitution in the etiology of malignant tumors. Amer. J. Canc. 21 (1934).
Dunning, W. F., M. R. Curtisand F. D. Bullock: The respective rôles of heredity and somatic mutation in the origin of malignancy. Amer. J. Canc. 28 (1936).
Fibiger, J.: On Spiroptera carcinomata and their relation to true malignant tumors; with some remarks on cancer age. J. Canc. Res. 4 (1919).
Spiropteracarcinom. Z. Krebsforsch. 17 (1920).
Fiscier-Wasels, B.: Allgemeine Geschwulstlehre. BETHES Handbuch der Physiologie, Bd. 14, 2. Hälfte 1927.
Furth, J. and O. B. Furth: Neoplastic diseases produced in mice by general irradiation with x-rays. I. Incidence and types of neoplasms. Amer. J. Canc. 28 (1936).
Hammer, E. u. A. Terbrueggen: Zur Frage der Tomatentumoren. Z. Krebsforsch. 38 (1933).
Hieger, J.: The spectra of cancer-producing tars and oils and of related substances. Biochemie. J. 24 (1930).
Jonkhoff, A. R.: Röntgencarcinom bei Mäusen. Z. Krebsforsch. 26 (1928).
Kenneway, E. L.: Further experiments on cancer-producing substances. Biochemie. J. 24 (1930).
Kenneway, E. L. and J. Hieger: Carcinogenic substances and their fluorescence spectra. Brit. med. J. 1930, Nr 3622.
Kreyberg, L.: On the susceptibility to cancer development in the skin and in the mammary gland in two lines of inbred mice. Amer. J. Canc. 24 (1935).
Lacassagne, A.: Essais de production de cancer chez le lapin au moyen du 1–2–5–6dibenzanthracèue. C. r. Soc. Biol. Paris 114 (1933).
Lacassagne, A.: A comparative study of the carcinogenic action of certain oestrogenic hormons. Amer. J. Canc. 28 (1936).
Larinow, L. TH., L. K. Pavlowau. L. M. Schabod: Über Versuche der Erzeugung eines Tomatentumors. Z. Krebsforsch. 37 (1932).
Loeb, L.: Estrogenic hormones and careinogenesis. J. Amer. med. Assoc. 104 (1935).
Ludin, M.: Knochensarkom nach experimenteller Röntgenbestrahlung. Acta radiol. (Stockh.) 15 (1934).
Lynch, C. J.: Studies on the relation between tumor suspectibility and heredity. IV. The inheritance of susceptibility to tar-induced tumors in the lungs of mice. J. of exper. Med. 46 (1927).
Strain differences in susceptibility to tar-induced skin tumors in mice. Proc. Soc. exper. Biol. a. Med. 31 (1933).
Susceptibility of mouse strains to lung tumour and sarcoma induced by I:2:5:6-Dibenzanthracen. Proc. Soc. exper. Biol. a. Med. 33 (1935).
Marchlewski, Tx.: On racial differences in susceptibility to artificial tumours in rabbits and their inheritance. Bull. internat. Acad. pol. Sei. biol. et méd. 1934 No 3/4.
Morton, A. A., Cu. F. Brauch and D. B. Clapp: The production of cancer by Hydrocarbons other than those of the phenanthren type. Amer. J. Canc. 26 (1930).
Morton, A. A., D. B. Clapp and Cu. F. Brauch: New cancer-producing hydrocarbons. Science (N.Y.) 1935 I I.
Oberling, CH., CH. Sannié et M. et P. Guerin: Recherches sur l’action cancérigène du 1,2-benzopyrine. Bull. Assoc. franç. Étude Cane. 25 (1936).
Okishio, M.: Relation between diet and the development of tar cancer. J. jap. path. Soc. 23 (1933).
Orr, J. W.: The effect of interference with the vascular supply on the induction of dibenzanthracene tumors. Brit. J. exper. Path. 16 (1935).
Peacock, P. R.: Production of tumours in the fowl by carcinogenic agents: (1) tar; (2) 1:2:5:6-dibenzanthracene-lard. J. of Path. 36 (1933).
Passey, R. D., A. LEESE and J. C. KNOx: Spiroptera Cancer and diet deficiency. J. of Path. 40 (1935).
Perlmann, S. and W. Stachler: Experimental production of bladder tumors in rabbits by subcutaneous injection of Aniline and Beta-Naphthylamine. Z. Urol. 27 (1933).
Plonskier, M.: Über die durch Tomateneinspritzungen erzeugten malignen Rattentumoren. Z. Krebsforsch. 37 (1932).
Reinhard, M. C. and C. F. Candee: Influences of sex and heredity on the development of tar tumors. Amer. J. Canc. 16 (1932).
Reinhard, M. C. and A. A. Thibandeau: Development of multiple tumours in tarred and radiated animals. Amer. J. Canc. 20 (1934).
Reinhard, M. C., A. A. Thibandeau and C. F. Cander: The development of multiple tumours in tarred and radiated mice. Part II. Amer. J. Canc. 22 (1934).
Rous, P.: The virus tumors and the problem. Amer. J. Cane. 28 (1928).
Ruse’’, H. P. and C. A. Baumann: Tumor production in mice with ultraviolet irradiation. Amer J Canc. 35 (1939).
Sauerbruch, F. U. E. Knaake: Die Bedeutung von Sexualstörungen für die Entstehung von Geschwülsten. Z. Krebsforsch. 44 (1936).
Sauerbruch, F. U. E. Knaake: Bericht über weitere Ergebnisse experimenteller Tumorforschung. Arch. klin. Chir. 189 (Kongrellber.) (1937).
Schaer, W.: Experimentelle Erzeugungen von Blasentumoren. Die Wirkung langdauernder Inhalation von aromatischen Amidoverbindungen. Dtsch. Z. Chir. 226 (1930).
Sunuerch, O. u. E. Nehlinger: Experimentelle Erzeugung von Knochensarkomen durch Radium beim Kaninchen. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 1934 I I.
Sunuerch, O. u. E. Nehlinger: Über experimentelle Knochentumoren. Arch. klin. Chir. 183 (1935).
Schuerch, O. and A. Winterstein: Carcinogenic action of aromatic hydrocarbons. Z. physiol. Chem. 236 (1935).
Seelig, M. G.: Dibenzanthracene 1:2:5:6 as a carcinogenic agent. Amer. J. Canc. 20 (1934).
Seelig, M. G. and Z. K. Kooper: A review of the recent literature of tar cancer (1927–1931 inclusive). Amer. J. Canc. 17 (1933).
Shear, M. J.: Studies in carcinogenesis. III. Isomeres of cholanthrene and methylcholanthrene. Amer. J. Canc. 28 (1936).
Suzuki, Tetsno: Experimentelle Studie über die Beziehung der Haarfarbe von Maus und Kaninchen zur Häufigkeit des Teercanceroides. Proc. imp. Acad. Japan 5 (1929).
Transmiller, O.: Zur Frage der Sarkomerzeugung mit Tomatensaft. Z. Krebsforsch. 38 (1933).
Twort, C. C. and A. C. Bottomley: The aethiology of breast cancer. Lancet 1932 I I.
Twort, C. C. and J. D. Fulton: Further experiments on the carcinogenicity of synthetic tars and their fractions. J. of Path. 33 (1930).
Twort, C. C. and J. D. Fulton: Studien über die Konzentration des aktiven carcinogenerregenden Prinzips in Ölen und Teeren. Z. Krebsforsch. 35 (1932).
Twort, C. C. U. M. R. Ing: Untersuchungen über krebserzeugende Agentien. Z. Krebs-forsch. 27 (1928).
Twort, C. C. and R. Lyth: Selection of non-carcinogenic from carcinogenicoils. J. of Hyg. 33 (1933).
Twort, C. C. and J. M. Twort: The relative potency of carcinogenic tars and oils. J. of Hyg. 29 (1930).
Twort, C. C. and J. M. Twort,Cancer susceptibility in relation to colour of mice. J. of Hyg. 32 (1932).
Twort, C. C. and J. M. Twort,On the prevention of mineral oil and tar dermatitis and cancer. Lancet 1934 I.
Weitson, A. F.: Experimental skin tumors in the rat produced by tar. J. of Path.
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Woglom, W. H. and L. Herby: The carcinogenic activity of tar in various dilutions. J. Canc. Res. 13 (1929).
YamagiwaU. Ischikawa: Experimentelle Studien über die Pathogenese der Epithelialgeschwülste. Virchows Arch. 233 (1921).
9. Genetik der Transplantation der Tumoren
Bittner, J. J.: Quadruple inoculations of an adenocarcinoma. J. Canc. Res. 14 (1930).
A genetic study of the transplantation of tumors arising in hybrid mice. Amer. J. Canc. 15 (1931).
Bittner, J. J.: Genetic studies on the transplantation of tumors. II. A sex difference in reaction to a transplanted tumor. Amer. J. Canc. 16 (1932).
Bittner, J. J.: Genetic studies on the transplantation of tumors. III. Interpretation of apparent rhythmus. Amer. J. Canc. 16 (1932).
Bittner, J. J.: Genetic studies on the transplantation of tumors. IV. Linkage in tumor 19308 A. A.er. J. Canc. 17 (1933).
Bittner, J. J.: Genetic studies on the transplantation of tumors. V. Tumor 19308 B. Amer. J. Canc. 17 (1933).
Bittner, J. J.: Genetic studies on the transplantation of tumors. VI. Tumor 19308 C. Amer. J. Canc. 17 (1933).
Bittner, J. J.: Genetic studies on the transplantation of tumors. VII. Comparative study of Tumors 19308 A, B and C. Amer. J. Canc. 17(1933).
Bittner, J. J.: Genetic studies on the transplantation of tumors. VIII. The genetic explantation of „Rhythmus of GROWTH“. Amer. J. Canc. 20 (1934).
Bittner, J. J.: Linkage in transplantable tumours. J. Genet. 29 (1934).
Bittner, J. J.: A review of genetic studies on the transplantation of tumours. J. Genet. 31 (1935).
Bittner, J. J.: Studies on concomitant immunity. Amer. J. Canc. 28(1936).
Cloudman, A. M.: Successful interspecies transplantation of a mouse tumor. Science (N.Y.) 76 (1932).
Cloudman, A. M.:A genetic analysis of dissimilar carcinomata from the same gland of an individual mouse. Genetics 17 (1932).
Forth, J. and M. C. Kahn: The transmission of leukemia of mice with a single cell. Amer. J. Canc. 31 (1938).
Little, C. C.: Factors influencing the growth of a transplantable tumor in mice. J. of exper. Zool. 31 (1920).
Little, C. C.: The bearing of genetic work with transplanted tumors on the genetics of spontaneous tumors in mice. Amer. J. Cane. 22 (1934).
Little, C. C. and L. C. Strong: Genetic studies on the transplantation of two adenocarcinomata. J. of exper. Zool. 41 (1924).
Loeb, L. and Helen D. King: Individuality differentials in strains of inbred rats. Arch. of Path. 12 (1931).
Loeb, L. and Helen D. King: The analysis of the organismal differentials of gray norvay rats and of two mutant races by mean of transplantation. Amer. Naturalist 69 (1935).
Strong, L. C.: General considerations on the genetic study of cancer. J. Canc. Res.
10 (1926).
Strong, L. C.: On the occurence of mutations within transplantable neoplasms. Genetics 11 (1926).
Strong, L. C.: Nature of Susceptibility to Cancer in mice. J. Tiered. 25 (1934).
Strong, L. C.: Genetics of pituitary and ovary grafts. J. Hered. 27 (1936).
Strong, L. C., W. N. Gardner and R. T. Hill: Production of estrogenic hormone by a transplantable ovarian carcinoma. Endocrinology 21 (1937).
Strong, L. C. and R. T. Hill: A sex difference encountered in the transplantation of a carcinoma of the ovary. Science (N. J.) 85 (1937).
Strong, L. C., R. T. Hill, C. A. Pfeiffer and W. N. Gardner: Genetic and endocrine studies of a transplantable carcinoma of the ovary. Genetics 23 (1938).
Tyzzer, E. E. and C. C. Little: Studies on the inheritance of susceptibility to a transplantable sarcoma (J. w. B.) of the Japanese waltzing mouse. J. Canc. Res. 1 (1926).
10. Krebs als somatische Mutation
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Kröning, F. (1940). Genetik der Krebsgeschwülste der Tiere. In: Bauer, K.H., et al. Erbbiologie und Erbpathologie Körperlicher Zustände und Funktionen II. Psychologie - Reprint, vol 4. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-90907-8_17
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