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Physical Oceanography of Arctic and Subarctic Seas

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Marine Geology and Oceanography of the Arctic Seas

Abstract

The Arctic Ocean (Fig. 1) surrounds the North Pole and is bordered by Europe, Siberia, Alaska, Canada, and Greenland. It is a large basin (9.5 × 106 km2), in area about four times larger than the Mediterranean Sea, connected primarily with the Atlantic Ocean via the major water bodies of the Greenland and Norwegian Seas and Baffin Bay, which also lie in the Arctic. Technically, the Arctic Ocean is probably not an ocean but rather a mediterranean sea of the Atlantic, as recognized by the oceanographic pioneers from Norway (in Norwegian: Nordpolarhavet = North Polar Sea). The various Arctic basins do, however, attain depths similar to those of the oceans (~4000 m), and time and convention have dictated our present nomenclature.

“From all these considerations it appears unquestionable that the sea around the Pole is fed with considerable quantities of water, partly fresh, … partly salt, … proceeding from the different ocean currents. ” F. Nansen, Naturen, March 1891

Contribution No. 626 from the Department of Oceanography, University of Washington.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98105, USA

    L. K. Coachman & K. Aagaard

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  1. L. K. Coachman
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  2. K. Aagaard
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  1. Department of Geology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99163, USA

    Yvonne Herman

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© 1974 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

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Coachman, L.K., Aagaard, K. (1974). Physical Oceanography of Arctic and Subarctic Seas. In: Herman, Y. (eds) Marine Geology and Oceanography of the Arctic Seas. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87411-6_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87411-6_1

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