Abstract
Despite the widely held belief that there is a lack of progress in the management of patients with breast cancer, remarkable advances in fact have been made. It has now been conclusively shown that a treatment intervention given after surgery for operable or early breast cancer can improve long-term survival as well as perturb the natural history of breast cancer. Administering adjuvant systemic therapy to patients presenting with seemingly localized early breast cancer (currently comprising approximately 70% of cases) was initiated by the realization that subclinical metastatic disease is usually present at the time of first diagnosis.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Beex LVAM, McKenzie MA, Raemaekers JMM et al (1988) Adjuvant chemotherapy in premenopausal patients with primary breast cancer: relation to drug-induced amenorrhoea, age, and the PR status of the tumor. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 24: 719–721
Bianco AR, Del Mastro L, Gallow E et al (1991) Prognostic role of amenorrhoea induced by adjuvant chemotherapy in premenopausal patients with early breast cancer. Br J Cancer 63: 799–803
Bonadonna G, Valagussa P, Rossi A et al (1985) Ten year experience with CMF-based adjuvant chemotherapy in resectable breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 5: 95–115
Brincker H, Rose C, Rank F et al (1987) Evidence of a castration-mediated effect of adjuvant cytotoxic chemo-therapy in premenopausal breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 5: 1771–1778
Dnistrian AM, Schwartz MK, Fracchia AA et al (1983) Endocrine consequences of adjuvant therapy in pre-menopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Cancer 51: 803–807
Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (1992) Systemic treatment of early breast cancer by hormonal, cytotoxic, or immune therapy - 133 randomized trials involving 31000 recurrences and 24000 deaths among 75000 women. Lancet 339: 1–15, 71-85
Fisher B, Sherman B, Rocketter H et al (1979) L-Phenyl- alanine mustard (L-PAM) in the management of premenopausal patients with primary breast cancer. Lack of association of disease-free survival with depression of ovarian function. Cancer 44: 487–491
Fisher B, Fisher ER, Redmond C (1986) Ten year results from the NSABP clinical trial evaluation the use of L- phenylalanine mustard ( L-PAM) in the management of primary breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 4: 929–941
Goldhirsch A, Gelber RD, Castiglione M (1990) The magnitude of endocrine effects of adjuvant chemotherapy for premenopausal breast cancer patients. Ann Oncol 1: 183–188
International Breast Cancer Study Group (1990) Late effects of adjuvant oophorectomy and chemotherapy upon pre-menopausal breast cancer patients. Ann Oncol 1: 30–35
Ludwig Breast Cancer Study Group (1985a) Chemotherapy with or without oophorectomy in high-risk premenopausal patients with operable breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 3: 1059–1067
Ludwig Breast Cancer Study Group (1985b) A randomized trial of adjuvant combination chemotherapy with or without Prednisone in premenopausal breast cancer patients metastases in one to three axillary lymph nodes. Cancer Res 45: 4454–4459
Padmanabhan N, Howel A, Rubens RD (1986) Mechanism of action of adjuvant chemotherapy in early breast cancer. Lancet 11: 411–414
Richards MA, O’Reilly SM, Howell A, Rubens RD (1990) Adjuvant CMF in node positive breast cancer: Guy’s/Manchester trial at 8 years. J Clin Oncol 8: 2032–2039
Rose D, Davis TE (1980) Effects of adjuvant chemo-hormonal therapy on the ovarian and adrenal function of breast cancer patients. Cancer Res 40: 4043–4047
Samman NA, DeAsis DN, Buzdar AV, Blumenschein GR (1978) Pituitary — ovarian function in breast cancer patients on adjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer 41: 2084–2087
Tormey DC, Gray R, Gilchrist K et al (1990) Adjuvant chemohormonal therapy with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and Prednisone (CMFP) or CMFP plus tamoxifen compared with CMF for premenopausal breast cancer patients. An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Trial. Cancer 65: 200–206
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sacks, N.P.M., A’Hern, R.P., Baum, M. (1993). How Much of the Effect of Chemotherapy Is Due to Hormonal Manipulation?. In: Fletcher, G.H., Levitt, S.H. (eds) Non-Disseminated Breast Cancer. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84593-2_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84593-2_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-84595-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-84593-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive