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Chemical Nature, Properties, Location, and Physiological and Pathological Variations of Modified Nucleosides in tRNAs

  • Chapter
Modified Nucleosides and Cancer

Abstract

One of the characteristics of tRNAs is that they contain a variety of atypical (also called modified or rare) nucleosides. Modified nucleosides also occur in other RNAs — mRNAs, rRNAs, small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) — and even in DNAs, but never in such high proportions. For example, 15 of the total 75 nucleosides in beef liver tRNATrp are modified (Fournier et al. 1978). Furthermore, the modified nucleosides found in tRNA exhibit a wide range of structural variations: more than 50 have been isolated and characterized. Some are modified by a single methylation of the base or on the 2′ hydroxyl of the ribose moiety, but there are also a number of so-called hypermodified nucleosides with more complex modifications.

I am grateful to Dr. S. Nishimura, Dr. G. Keith, and Dr. R.P. Martin for critical reading of the manuscript. I thank Dr. K. Randerath and Dr. S. Nishimura and Dr. R. Gupta who made unpublished data available. Some of the results quoted in this paper were obtained during work supported by grants from the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Action Thématique 58 and Contrat de Recherche Libre 79.1.154.3)

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    G. Dirheimer

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    Gisela Nass

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Dirheimer, G. (1983). Chemical Nature, Properties, Location, and Physiological and Pathological Variations of Modified Nucleosides in tRNAs. In: Nass, G. (eds) Modified Nucleosides and Cancer. Recent Results in Cancer Research/Fortschritte der Krebsforschung/Progrès dans les recherches sur Ie cancer, vol 84. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-81947-6_2

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