Zusammenfassung
Die Monetarisierung externer Effekte ist eine notwendige Voraussetzung für die effiziente Lösung elementarer Knappheitsprobleme. Verwertungskonflikte in bezug auf natürliche Ressourcen und Umweltgüter lassen sich nur dann effizient lösen, wenn alle Kosten und Erträge alternativer Verwendungen bekannt sind und einander gegenübergestellt werden können. Dazu ist ein gemeinsames Maß notwendig, mit dem Nutzen und Kosten alternativer Verwendungen gemessen werden können — und dieses Maß müssen Monetarisierungsverfahren liefern. Bezugspunkt für jede Form von Bewertung externer Effekte sind Marktpreise, d.h. Preise, die die Opportunitätskosten des marginalen Nachfragers angeben und auf der Angebotsseite den Grenzproduktionskosten entsprechen. Nur auf der Grundlage solcher Knappheitssignale lassen sich effiziente Allokationen erreichen.
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Weimann, J. (1996). Monetarisierungsverfahren aus der Sicht der ökonomischen Theorie. In: Linckh, G., Sprich, H., Flaig, H., Mohr, H. (eds) Nachhaltige Land- und Forstwirtschaft. Veröffentlichungen der Akademie für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Baden-Württemberg. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80214-0_13
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