Abstract
Two main symptoms are typical of silver fir (Abies alba Mill., hereafter shortened to “fir”) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst., hereafter shortened to “spruce”) decline in Europe: (a) crown thinning; and (b) yellowing of old needles, the latter being mostly related to Mg deficiency on acid soils (Roberts et al. 1989; Bonneau 1989). Crown thinning, when not associated with strong mineral deficiencies, may be caused by various abiotic and biotic factors. In the Vosges, it has been mainly related to water stresses, often increased by high stand density (Lévy and Becker 1987). In fact, both needle loss (when not derived from acute deficiencies) and reduced growth appear to be long lasting effects of the sequence of dry years which occurred during the 1960s and 1970s.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Becker M, Bert GD, Landmann G, Lévy G, Rameau JC, Ulrich E (1995) Growth and decline symptoms of silver fir and Norway spruce in northeastern France: relation to climate, nutrition and silviculture. In: Landmann G, Bonneau M (eds) Forest decline and atmospheric deposition effects in the French mountains. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, this vol.
Biron P (1993) Modélisation du bilan hydrique de deux peuplements d’épicéa du bassin versant d’Aubure. PhD Thesis, Univ Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, p 200.
Bonneau M (1989) Que sait-on maintenant des causes du dépérissement des forêts. Rev For Fr 41:367–385.
Callot G, Chamayou H, Maertens C, Salsac L (1982) Les interactions sols-racines. Incidence sur la nutrition minérale. INRA, Paris, p 325.
Dambrine E, Granier A (1989) Effet de la sécheresse édaphique sur les flux d’éléments minéraux dans la sève brute d’Abies bornmulleriana en conditions naturelles. Résultats et conclusions méthodologiques. In: Bonneau M, Landmann G (eds) Journées de travail DEFORPA. INRA Nancy, pp 8-17.
Dambrine E, Le Goaster S, Ranger J (1991) Croissance et nutrition minérale d’un peu-plement d’épicéa sur sol pauvre. II Prélèvement racinaire et translocation d’éléments minéraux au cours de la croissance. Acta Oecologia 12:791–808.
Dambrine E, Carisey N, Pollier B, Girard S, Granier A, Lu P, Biron P (1992) Dynamique des éléments minéraux dans la sève xylémique d’épicéas de 30 ans. Ann Sci For 49:489–510.
Dambrine E, Carisey N, Pollier B, Girard S, Granier A (1993) Effects of drought on the yellowing and the dynamics of mineral elements in the xylem sap of declining spruce (Picea abies L.) Plant and Soil 150:303–306.
de Montard F (1992) Le magnésium dans les prés de fauche et les pâturages en moyenne montagne granitique. Un exemple: la Margeride. In: Huguet C, Coppenet M (eds) Le magnésium en agriculture. INRA, Paris, pp 227–235.
Glavac V, Koenies H, Ebben U (1990) Seasonal variations in minerai concentrations in the trunk xylem sap of beech in a 42-year-old beech forest stand. New Phytol 116:47–54.
Granier A (1985) Une nouvelle méthode pour la mesure du flux de sève brute dans le tronc des arbres. Ann Sci For 42:193–200.
Johnson DW, Todd DE (1988) Nutrients cycling in forests of Walker Branch watershed, Tennessee: roles of uptake and leaching in causing soil changes. J Env Qual 19:97–104.
Kazda M, Weilgony P (1988) Seasonal dynamics of major cations in xylem sap and needles of Norway spruce in stands with different soil solution chemistry. Plant Soil 110:91–100.
Landmann G (1993) Role of climate, stand dynamics and past management in forest declines: A review of ten years of field ecology in France. In Huettl R, Mueller-Dombois H (eds) Forest decline in the Atlantic and Pacific Region. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp 18–39.
Landmann G, Bouhot-Delduc L (1995) Ground monitoring of crown condition of forest trees in the French mountains. In: Landmann G, Bonneau M (eds) Forest decline and atmospheric deposition effects in the French mountains. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, this vol.
Landmann G, Bonneau M, Bouhot-Delduc L, Fromard F, Chéret V, Dagnac J, Souchier B (1995) Crown damage in Norway spruce and silver fir: relation to nutritional status and soil chemical characteristics in the French mountains. In: Landmann G, Bonneau M (eds) Forest decline and atmospheric deposition effects in the French mountains. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, this vol.
Le Goaster S, Dambrine E, Ranger J (1990) Mineral supply of healty and declining trees of a young spruce stand. Water Air Soil Pollut 54:269–280.
Le Goaster S, Dambrine E, Ranger J (1991) Croissance et nutrition d’un peuplement d’épicéa sur sol pauvre. I Evolution de la biomasse et dynamique d’incorporation d’éléments minéraux. Acta Oecol 12:771–789.
Lévy G, Becker M (1987) Le dépérissement du sapin dans les Vosges: rôle primordial de déficits d’alimentation en eau. Ann Sci For 44:403–416.
Lu P (1993) Ecophysiologie et réaction à la sécheresse de trois espèces de conifères (Abies alba Miller, Picea abies Karsten et Pinus silvestris L.). Effet de l’âge. PhD Thesis, Univ Nancy, p 116.
Mohamed AD, Ranger J, Dambrine E, Bonneau M, Gelhaye D, Granier A (1992) The effects of liming and fertilization on the soil and mass balance of a spruce stand in the Vosges mountains. For Ecol Manage 60:291–310.
Nambiar EKS (1991) Management of forests under nutrient and water stress. Water Air Soil Pollut 54:209–230.
Oren R, Schulze ED (1989) Nutritional disharmony and forest decline: a conceptual model. In Schulze ED, Lange OL, Oren R (eds) Nutritional disharmony and forest decline. Ecol Studies 77:425–443.
Probst A, Dambrine E, Viville D, Fritz B (1990) Influence of acid atmospheric inputs on surface water chemistry and mineral fluxes in a declining spruce stand within a small granitic catchment (Vosges massif-France) J Hydrol 116:101–124.
Roberts TM, Skeffington RA, Blank LW (1989) Causes of type 1 spruce decline in Europe. Forestry 62:179–222.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Dambrine, E., Granier, A., Lévy, G. (1995). Water Regime and Magnesium Deficiency: Manipulative Experiments in Young Norway Spruce Stands. In: Landmann, G., Bonneau, M., Kaennel, M. (eds) Forest Decline and Atmospheric Deposition Effects in the French Mountains. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79535-0_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79535-0_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-79537-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-79535-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive