Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

General Introduction to the Mineral Nutrition of Plants

  • Chapter
Inorganic Plant Nutrition

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology ((PLANT,volume 15))

Abstract

The beneficial effect of adding mineral elements (e.g. plant ash, lime) to soils to improve plant growth has been known in agriculture for more than 2000 years. Nevertheless, even 150 years ago it was still a matter of scientific controversy as to whether mineral elements function as nutrients for plant growth. It was mainly to the credit of Justus von Liebig (1803–1873) that the scattered information concerning the importance of mineral elements for plant growth was collected and summarized, and that mineral nutrition of plants was established as a scientific discipline. This achievement led to a rapid increase in the use of mineral fertilizers. In Europe in particular large amounts of potash, superphosphate and later inorganic nitrogen were used in agriculture and horticulture to improve plant growth.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Allen RD (1969) Mechanism of the seismonastic reaction in Mimosa pudica. Plant Physiol 44: 1101–1107

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Amberger A, Gutser R (1978) Umsatz und Wirkung von Harnstoff–Dicyandiamid sowie

    Google Scholar 

  • Ammonsulfat–Dicyandiamid–Produkten zu Weidelgras und Reis. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 141:553–566

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersson A (1977 a) The distribution of heavy metals in soils and soil material as influenced by the ionic radius. Swed J Agric Res 7:79–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersson A (1977 b) Some aspects on the significance of heavy metals in sewage sludge and related products used as fertilizers. Swed J Agric Res 7:1–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Antonivics J, Bradshaw AD, Turner RG (1971) Heavy metal tolerance in plants. Adv Ecol Res 7: 1–85

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong MJ, Kirkby EA (1979) The influence of humidity on the mineral composition of tomato plants with special reference to calcium distribution. Plant Soil 52: 427–435

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arnon DI (1950) Criteria of essentiality of inorganic micronutrients for plants. In: McElroy WD, Glass B (eds) Trace elements in plant physiology. Chronica Botanica,

    Google Scholar 

  • Waltham, Mass

    Google Scholar 

  • Bangerth F (1976) A role of auxin and auxin transport inhibitors on the Ca content of artificially induced parthenocarpic fruits. Physiol Plant 37: 191–194

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bangerth F (1979) Calcium–related physiological disorders of plants. Annu Rev Phytopathol 1: 97–122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bangerth F, Mostafawi M (1969) Einfluß der Wasserversorgung und des Fruchtgewichtes auf den Mineralstoffgehalt und die Stippigkeit von Apfelfrüchten. Erwerbsobstbau 11: 101–104

    Google Scholar 

  • Bangerth F, Dilley DR, Dewey DH (1972) Effect of postharvest calcium treatment on internal breakdown and respiration of apple fruit. J Am Soc Hortic Sei 97: 679–682

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barber SA (1979) Growth experiments for nutrients in relation to demand at the root surface. In: Harley JL, Scott Russell R (eds) The soil–root interface. Academic Press, London New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Bateman DF, Lumsden RD (1965) Relation between calcium content and nature of the pectic substances in bean hypocotyls of different ages to susceptibility to an isolate of Rhizoctonia solani. Phytopathology 55: 734–738

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bergmann W, Neubert P (1976) Pflanzendiagnose und Pflanzenanalyse. Fischer, Jena

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhat KKS, Nye PH (1974) Diffusion of phosphorus to plant roots in soil. III. Depletion around onion roots without root hairs. Plant Soil 41: 383–394

    Google Scholar 

  • Bingham FT, Page AL, Mahler RJ, Ganje TJ (1975) Growth and cadmium accumulation of plants grown on a soil treated with a cadmium–enriched sewage sludge. J Environ Qual 4: 207–211

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bingham FT, Page AL, Mahler RJ, Ganje TJ (1976) Yield and cadmium accumulation of forage species in relation to cadmium content of sludge–amended soil. J Environ Qual 5: 57–60

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boggess SF, Willavize S, Koeppe DW (1978) Differential response of soybean varieties to soil cadmium. Agron J 70: 756–760

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bould D, Parfitt RI (1973) Leaf analysis as a guide to the nutrition of fruit crops. X. Magnesium and phosphorus sand culture experiments with apple. J Sei Food Agric 24: 175–185

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradfield EG (1976) Calcium complexes in the xylem sap of apple shoots. Plant Soil 44: 495–499

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bradfield EG, Guttridge CG (1979) Dependence of calcium transport and leaf tipburn in strawberry on relative humidity and nutrient solution concentration. Ann Bot 43: 363–372

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brewster JL, Tinker PB (1970) Nutrient cation flows in soil around plant roots. Soil Sei Soc Am Proc 34: 421–426

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown JC (1978) Mechanism of iron uptake by plants. Plant Cell Environ 1: 249–257

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brownell PF (1979) Sodium as an essential micronutrient element for plants and its possible role in metabolism. Adv Bot Res 7: 117–224

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brownell PF, Jackman ME (1966) Changes during recovery from sodium deficiency in Atrip lex. Plant Physiol 41: 617–622

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brownlee C, Kendrick RE (1979) Ion fluxes and phytochrome protons in mung bean hypocotyl segments. I. Fluxes of potassium. Plant Physiol 64: 206–210

    Google Scholar 

  • Broyer TC, Carlton AB, Johnson CM, Stout PR (1954) Chlorine–a micronutrient element for higher plants. Plant Physiol 29: 526–532

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bruinsma J (1977) Rolle der Cytokinine bei Blüten– und Fruchtentwicklung. Z Pflanzenernähr Bodenkd 140: 15–23

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brumagen DM, Hiatt AH (1966) The relationship of oxalic acid to the translocation and utilization of calcium in Nicotiana tabacum. Plant Soil 24: 239–249

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buban T, Vaega A, Traub J, Kuegt E, Bruinsma J (1978) Effects of ammonium and nitrate nutrition on the level of xylem sap of apple rootstocks. Z Pflanzenphysiol 89: 289–295

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Byrne AE, Ravnik V (1976) Trace element concentration in higher fungi. Sei Total Environ 6: 65–78

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Campell LG, Miller MH, Loneragan JF (1975) Translocation of boron to plant fruits. Aust J Plant Physiol 2: 481–487

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell NA, Stika KM, Morrison GH (1979) Calcium and potassium in the motor organ of sensitive plants: Localization by ion microscopy. Science 204: 185–187

    Google Scholar 

  • Cannon HL (1963) The biochemistry of vanadium. Soil Sei 96: 196–204

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carmi A, Koller D (1979) Regulation of photosynthetic activity in the primary leaves of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by materials moving in the water–conducting system. Plant Physiol 64: 285–288

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cartwright B, Merry RH, Tiller KG (1976) Heavy metal contamination of soils around a lead smelter at Port Pirie, South Australia. Aust J Soil Res 15: 69–81

    Google Scholar 

  • Cataldo DA, Garland TR, Wildung RE, Drucker H (1978) Nickel in plants. II. Distribution and chemical form in soybean plants. Plant Physiol 62: 566–570

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaney RL, Hornick SB (1978) Accumulation and effects of cadmium on crops. In: Proc 1st Int Cadmium Conf Met Bull London

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaney RL, Stoewsand GS, Bache CA, Lisk DJ (1978 a) Cadmium deposition and hepatic microsomal induction in mice fed lettuce grown on municipal sludge amended soil. J Agric Food Chem 26:992–994

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaney RL, Stoewsand GS, Furv AK, Backe CA, Lisk DJ (1978 b) Elemental content of tissue of guinea pig fed swiss chard grown on municipal sewage sludge–amended soil. J Agric Food Chem 26:994–997

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen CH, Lewin J (1969) Silicon as a nutrient element for Equisetum arvense. Can J Bot 47: 125–131

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Collier GF, Huntington VD, Cox EF (1979) A possible role of chlorogeneic acid in calcium–related disorders of vegetable crops. Commun Soil Sei Plant Anal 10: 481–490

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper RB, Blaser RE, Brown RH (1967) Potassium nutrition effects on net photosynthesis and morphology of alfalfa. Soil Sei Soc Am Proc 31: 231–235

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Corden ME (1965) Influence of calcium nutrition of fusarium wilt of tomato and polygalacturonase activity. Phytopathology 55: 222–224

    Google Scholar 

  • Crittenden HW, Svec CV (1974) Effect of potassium on the incidence of Diaporthe sojae in soybean. Agron J 66: 696–698

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diez Th, Rosopulo A (1976) Schwermetallgehalte in Böden und Pflanzen nach extreme hohen Klärschlammgaben. Landwirtsch Forsch Sonderheft 22 1: 236–248

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixon B, Sagar GR, Shorrocks VM (1973) Effect of calcium and boron on the incidence of tree and storage pit in apples of the cultivar Egremont Rüssel. Hort Sei 48: 403–411

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Doll S, Rodier F, Willenbrink J (1979) Accumulation of sucrose in vacuoles isolated from red beet tissue. Planta 144: 407–411

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Doman DC, Geiger DR (1979) Effect of exogenously supplied foliar potassium on phloem–loading in Beta vulgaris L. Plant Physiol 64: 528–533

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Domsch KH, Gr abbe K, Fleckenstein J (1976) Schwermetallgehalte im Kultursubstrat und Erntegut des Champignons, Agaricus bisporus ( Lange) Singer, beim Einsatz von Müllklärschlammkompost. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 139: 487–501

    Google Scholar 

  • Doyle JJ (1977) Effects of low levels of dietary cadmium in animals–a review. J Environ Qual 6: 111–116

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Egmond van F, Houba VJG (1970) Production of carboxylates ( C–A) by young sugar–beet plants grown in nutrient solution. Neth J Agric Sei 18: 182—187

    Google Scholar 

  • El–Sheikh AM, Ulrich A, Broyer TC (1967) Sodium and rubidium as possible nutrients for sugar beet plants. Plant Physiol 42: 1202–1208

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ende van der J, Koornneef P, Sonneveld C (1975) Osmotic pressure of the soil solution. Determination and effects on some glass–house crops. Neth J Agric Sei 23: 181–190

    Google Scholar 

  • Epstein E (1972) Mineral nutrition of plants: Principles and perspectives. Wiley and Sons, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Epstein E, Hagen CE (1952) A kinetic study of the absorption of alkali cations by barley roots. Plant Physiol 27: 457–474

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Epstein E, Norlyn JD, Rush EW, Kingsburg RW, Kelley DB, Cunningham GA, Wrona AF (1980) Saline culture of crops: A genetic approach. Science 210: 399–404

    Google Scholar 

  • Ernst W (1974) Schwermetallvegetation der Erde. Fischer, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Faust M, Klein JD (1974) Levels and sites of metabolically active calcium in apple fruit. J Am Soc Hort Sei 99: 93–94

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Faust M, Shear CB (1969) Biochemical changes during the development of cork spot of apples. Qual Plant Mater Veg 19: 225–265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson IB, Bollard EG (1976) The movement of calcium in woody stems. Ann Bot (London) 40: 1057–1065

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fidanovski F (1869) Der Einfluß von Silicium auf Pflanzen. Diss, TU Berlin, D 83 Nr 256

    Google Scholar 

  • Foroughi M, Venter F (1978) Die Wirkung unterschiedlicher Cadmiumgaben auf die

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenversorgung einiger Gemüsearten. Landwirtsch Forsch 31:300–308

    Google Scholar 

  • Foroughi M, Teicher K, Venter F (1979) Die Wirkung steigender Gaben von Blei, Cadmium, Nickel oder Zink auf Spinat in Nährlösung. Landwirtsch Forsch Sonderheft 35: 599–606

    Google Scholar 

  • Frissel MJ (1977) Cycling of mineral nutrients in agricultural ecosystems. Agro–Ecosyst 4: 1–354

    Google Scholar 

  • Fritz PD, Foroughi M, Venter F (1977) Schwermetallgehalte in einigen Gemüsearten. Landwirtsch Forsch Sonderheft 33 /11: 335–343

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuente de la RK, Leopold AC (1972) Two components of auxin transport. Plant Physiol 50: 491–495

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garg OK, Sharma AN, Kona GRSS (1979) Effect of boron on the pollen vitality and yield of rice plant (Oryza sativa L. var. Jaya) Plant Soil 52: 591–594

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garrod JF (1974) The role of gibberellins in early growth and development of sugar beet. J Exp Bot 25: 945–954

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gauch HG (1972) Inorganic plant nutrition. Dowden Hutchinson & Ross, Strauchburg, Pa

    Google Scholar 

  • Geijn van de SC, Petit CM, Roelfsen H (1979) Measurement of the cation exchange capacity of the transport system in intact stems. Methodology and preliminary results. Commun Soil Sei Plant Anal 10: 225–236

    Google Scholar 

  • Göring H, Mardanov AA (1976) Einfluß von Stickstoffmangel auf das K/Ca–Verhältnis und den Zytokiningehalt junger Kürbispflanzen. Biochem Physiol Pflanz 170: 261–264

    Google Scholar 

  • Göring H, Thien BH (1979) Influence of nutrient deficiency on proline accumulation in the cytoplasm of Zea mays L. seedlings. Biochem Physiol Pflanz 174: 9–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldbach E, Goldbach H, Wagner H, Michael G (1975) Influence of N–deficiency on the abscisic acid content of sunflower plant. Physiol Plant 34: 138–140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldbach H, Goldbach E, Michael G (1977) Transport of abscisic acid from leaves to grains in wheat and barley plant. Naturwissenschaften 64: 488

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goor van BJ, Wiersma D (1974) Redistribution of potassium, calcium, magnesium and manganese in the plant. Physiol Plant 31: 163–168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Graham RD (1975) Male sterility in wheat plants deficient in copper. Nature (London) 254: 514–515

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graham RD (1976) Anomalous water relations in copper–deficient wheat plants. Aust J Plant Physiol 3: 229–236

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grasmanis VO, Edwards GE (1974) Promotion of flower initiation in apple trees by short exposure to the ammonium ion. Aust J Plant Physiol 1: 99–105

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hallock DL, Garren KH (1968) Pod breakdown, yield and grade of Virginia–type peanuts as affected by Ca, Mg and K sulfates. Agron J 60: 253–257

    Google Scholar 

  • Hambidge KM, Wallravens PA (1976) Zinc deficiency in infants and preadolescent children. In: Prasad AA, Overleas D (eds) Trace elements in human health and disease, vol I. Zinc and copper. Academic Press, London New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Hara T, Sonoda Y (1979) Comparison of the toxicity of heavy metals to cabbage growth. Plant Soil 51: 127–133

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hawker JS, Marschner H, Downton WJS (1974) Effects of sodium and potassium on starch synthesis in leaves. Aust J Plant Physiol 1: 491–501

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heidt HW, Chon CH, Maronde D, Herold A, Stankovic ZS, Walker DA, Kraminer A, Kirk MR, Heber U (1977) Role of orthophosphate and other factors in the regulation of starch formation in leaves and isolated chloroplasts. Plant Physiol 59: 1146–1155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helms K, David DJ (1973) Far red and white light–promoted utilization of calcium by seedlings of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Plant Physiol 51: 37–42

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herms U, Brummer G (1979) Einfluß der Redoxbedingungen auf die Löslichkeit von Schwermetallen in Böden und Sedimenten. Mitt Dtsch Bodenkdl Ges 29: 533–544

    Google Scholar 

  • Herridge DF, Pate JS (1977) Utilization of net photosynthesis for nitrogen fixation and protein production in an annual legume. Plant Physiol 60: 759–764

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hewitt EJ, Smith TA (1975) Plant mineral nutrition. Engl Univ Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Hildebrandt EA (1977) Das Vorkommen von Nitrosaminen in Nahrungsmitteln und die Folgerungen für die Pflanzenernährung. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 140: 397–408

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hill J, Robson AD, Loneragan JF (1978) The effect of copper and nitrogen supply on the retranslocation of copper in four cultivars of wheat. Austr J Agric Res 29: 925–939

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hill J, Robson AD, Loneragan JF (1979) The effects of Cu supply and shading on Cu retranslocation from old wheat leaves. Ann Bot 43: 449–457

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hinsley TD, Alexander DE, Ziegler EC, Barrett GL (1978) Zinc and cadmium accumulation by corn inbreds grown on sludge–amended soil Agron J 70: 425–428

    Google Scholar 

  • Hocking PJ, Pate JS (1977) Mobilization of minerals to developing seeds of legumes. Ann Bot 41: 1259–1278

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hocking PJ, Pate JS (1978) Accumulation and distribution of mineral elements in annual lupins Lupinus albus and Lupinus angustifolius L. Aust J Agric Res 29: 267–280

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hocking PJ, Pate JS, Wee GC, McComb AJ (1977) Manganese nutrition of Lupinus ssp. especially in relation to developing seeds. Ann Bot 41: 677–688

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hocking PJ, Pate JS, Atkins CA, Sharkey PJ (1978) Diurnal patterns of transport and accumulation of minerals in fruiting plants of Lupinus angustifolius L. Ann Bot 42: 1277–1290

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holl W, Hampp R (1975) Lead and plants. Residue Rev 54: 79–111

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Horst WJ, Marschner H (1978 a) Effect of silicon on manganese tolerance of bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Plant Soil 50:287–303

    Google Scholar 

  • Horst WJ, Marschner H (1978 b) Effect of excessive manganese supply on uptake and translocation of calcium in bean plants (.Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Z Pflanzenphysiol 87:137–148

    Google Scholar 

  • Howeler RH (1974) Iron–induced oranging disease of rice in relation to physical and chemical changes in a flooded oxisol. Soil. Sei Soc Am Proc 37: 898–903

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hsiao TC (1976) Stomatal ion transport. In: Lüttge U, Pitman MG (eds) Transport in plants II, Part B. Encyclopedia of plant physiology new ser, vol II. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Hsu FC (1979) Abscisic acid accumulation in developing seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Plant Physiol 63: 552–556

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huffman EWD, Allaway WH (1973) Growth of plants in solution culture containing low levels of chromium. Plant Physiol 52: 72–75

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Humble GD, Raschke K (1971) Stomatal opening quantitatively related to potassium transport. Evidence from electron probe analysis. Plant Physiol 48: 447–453

    Google Scholar 

  • Hutchings VM (1978) Sucrose and proton cotransport in Ricinus cotyledons. II. H + efflux and associated K+ uptake. Planta 138: 237–241

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hutton JT, Norrish K (1974) Silicon content of wheat husks in relation to water transpired. Aust J Agric Res 25: 203–212

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isermann I (1978) Einfluß von Chelatoren auf die Calcium–Verlagerung im Sproß höherer Pflanzen. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 141: 285–298

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Itai C, Meidner H (1978) Functional epidermal cells are necessary for abscisic acid effects on guard cells. J Exp Bot 29: 765–770

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jager de A (1979) Localized Stimulation of root growth and phosphate uptake in Zea mays L. resulting from restricted phosphate supply. In: Harley JL, Scott Russell R (eds) The soil–root interface. Academic Press, London New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Janistyn B (1973) Indol–3–Essigsäure induzierte Calciumionenabgabe bei Maiskoleoptilzylindern. Z Naturforsch 28c: 777–778

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jennings DH (1976) The effects of sodium chloride on higher plants. Biol Rev 51: 453–486

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • John MK, Laerhoven van CJ (1976) Differential effects of cadmium on lettuce varieties. Environ Pollut 10: 163–173

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson CM, Stout PR, Broyer TC, Carlton AB (1957) Comparative chlorine requirements of different plants species. Plant Soil 8: 337–353

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jones LHP, Haridreck KA (1965) Studies of silica in the oat plant. III. Uptake of silica from soils by the plant. Plant Soil 23: 79–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Jung J, Isermann K, Henges G (1979) Einfluß von cadmiumhaltigen Düngerphosphaten auf die Cadmiumanreicherung von Kulturböden und Nutzpflanzen. Landwirtsch Forsch 32: 262–274

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kelley PM, Izawa S (1978) The role of chloride ion in photosystem–II. I. Effects of chloride ion on photosystem–II electron transport and on hydroxylamine inhibition. Biochim Biophys Acta 502: 198–210

    Google Scholar 

  • Kick H, Braun B (1977) Wirkung von chromhaltigen Gerbereischlämmen auf Wachstum und Chromaufnahme bei verschiedenen Nutzpflanzen. Landw Forsch 30: 160–173

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirkby EA, Mengel K (1967) Ionic balance in different tissues of the tomato plant in relation to nitrate, urea or ammonium nutrition. Plant Physiol 42: 6–14

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirkham MB (1978) Water relations of cadmium–treated plants. J Environ Qual 7: 334–336

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kloke A, Riebartsch K, Leh HO (1966) Verunreinigungen von Kulturpflanzen mit Blei aus Kraftfahrzeugabgasen. Landwirtsch Forsch Sonderheft 20: 119–123

    Google Scholar 

  • Knauer N, Simon C (1968) Über den Einfluß der Stickstoffdüngung auf den Ertrag sowie Nitrat–Mineralstoff– und Oxalsäuregehalt von Spinat. Z Acker Pflanzenbau 128: 197–220

    Google Scholar 

  • Knight AH, Crooke WM (1973) Cation exchange capacity and chemical composition of the floral parts of Antirrhinum and Lilium. Ann Bot 37: 155–157

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koontz HV, Foote RE (1966) Transpiration and calcium deposition by unifoliate leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris differing in maturity. Physiol Plant 14: 313–321

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krause W (1958) Andere Bodenspezialisten. In: Michael G (ed) Handbuch der Pflanzenphysiologie, vol IV Springer, Berlin Göttingen Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Krauss A (1971) Einfluß der Ernährung des Salates mit Massennährstoffen auf den Befall mit Botrytis einer a Pers. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 128: 12–23

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krauss A (1978) Tuberization and abscisic acid content in Solanum tuberosum as affected by nitrogen nutrition. Potato Res 21: 183–193

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krauss A, Marschner H (1971) Einfluß der Stickstoffernährung der Kartoffeln auf Induktion und Wachstumsrate der Knollen. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 128: 153–168

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krauss A, Marschner H (1973) Langstrecken transport von Calcium in Stolonen von

    Google Scholar 

  • Kartoffelpflanzen. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 136:229–240

    Google Scholar 

  • Krauss A, Marschner H (1974) Einfluß der Tag/Nacht–Periodik auf Knollengewicht und Ca–Verlagerung in Stolonen von Kartoffelpflanzen. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 137: 116–123

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krauss A, Marschner H (1975) Einfluß des Calciumangebots auf Wachstumsrate und Calciumgehalt von Kartoffelknollen. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 139: 317–326

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krauss A, Marschner H (1976) Einfluß von Stickstoffernährung und Wuchsstoffapplikation auf die Knolleninduktion bei Kartoffelpflanzen. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 139: 143–155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krug H, Wiebe H–J, Jungk A (1972) Calciummangel an Blumenkohl unter konstanten

    Google Scholar 

  • Klimabedingungen. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 133:213–226

    Google Scholar 

  • Lagerwerff JV, Milberg RP (1978) Sign of charge of species of Cu, Cd and Zn extracted from sewage sludge and effect of plants. Plant and Soil 49: 117–125

    Google Scholar 

  • Lagerwerff JV, Specht AW (1970) Contamination of roadside soil and vegetation with cadmium, nickel, lead and zinc. Environ Sei Technol 4: 583–586

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lagerwerff JV, Biersdorf GT, Milberg RP, Brower DL (1977) Effects of incubation and liming on yield and heavy metal uptake by rye from sewage–sludged soil. J Environ Qual 6: 427–431

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lamoreaux RJ, Chaney WC (1977) Growth and water movement in silver maple seedlings affected by cadmium. J Environ Qual 6: 201–205

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laske P (1979) Gehalt gärtnerischer Böden und Erden an löslichem Vanadium. Kali– Briefe 14: 747–752

    Google Scholar 

  • Läuchli A (1967) Nachweis von Calcium– und Strontium–Ablagerungen im Fruchtstiel von Pisum sativum mit der Röntgen–Mikrosonde. Planta 73: 221–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Läuchli A, Pflüger R (1978) Potassium transport through plant cell membranes and metabolic role of potassium in plants. In: Proc 11th Congr Int Potash Inst, Bern

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee J, Reeves RD, Brooks RR, Jafre T (1978) The relation between nickel and citric acid in some nickel–accumulating plants. Phytochemistry 17: 1033–1035

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lenz F (1970) Einfluß der Früchte auf das Wachstum, den Wasserverbrauch und die Nährstoffaufnahme von Auberginen. Gartenbauwissenschaft 35: 281–292

    Google Scholar 

  • Lenz F, Bünemann G (1969) Einfluß von Ernährung, Fruchtbehang und Ausläufern auf die Trockenstubstanzbildung und die Wasser– und Nährstoffaufnahme bei Erdbeeren Erwerbsobstbau 11: 185–188

    Google Scholar 

  • Lenz F, Döring HW (1975) Fruit effects on growth and water consumption in citrus. Gartenbauwissenschaft 40: 257–260

    Google Scholar 

  • Lenz F, Williams CN (1973) Effect of fruit removal on net assimilation and gaseous diffusive resistance of soybean leaves. Angew Bot 47: 57–63

    Google Scholar 

  • Liegel W (1970) Calciumoxalat–Abscheidung in Fruchtstielen einiger Apfelvaritäten. Angew Bot 44: 223–232

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lingle JC, Lorenz OA (1969) Potassium nutrition of tomatoes. J Am Soc Hortic Sei 94: 679–683

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Linser H, Raafat A, Zeid FA (1974) Reinprotein und Chlorophyll bei Daucus carota im Verlauf der Vegetationsperiode des ersten Jahres unter dem Einfluß von Wachstumsregulatoren (CCC, GA, BA ). Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 137: 36–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Loneragan JF (1978) Anomalies in the relationship of nutrient concentrations to plant yield. 8th Int Colloq Plant Anal Fert Probl Auckland, NZ

    Google Scholar 

  • Loneragan JF, Snowball K (1969) Calcium requirements of plants. Aust J Agric Res 20: 465–478

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loneragan JF, Snowball K, Simmons WJ (1968) Response of plants to calcium concentration in solution culture. Aust J Agric Res 19: 845–857

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loneragan JF, Snowball K, Robson AD (1976) Remobilization of nutrients and its significance in plant nutrition. In: Transport and transfer processes in plants, Chap 39. Academic Press, London New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Lorenz H, Kossen MTh, Käferstein FK (1978) Blei–, Cadmium– und Quecksilbergehalte in Speisepilzen. Bundesgesundheitsblatt 21: 202–204

    Google Scholar 

  • Lott JNA, Buttrose MS (1978) Globoids in protein bodies of legume seed cotyledons. Aust J Plant Physiol 5: 98–111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lougheed EC, Murr DP, Miller SR (1979) Effects of calcium and daminozide on ethylene production and softening of apple fruits. Experimenta 35: 43–45

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lüdders P, Bünemann G (1970) Die Wirkung des Zeitpunktes von Harnstoffspritzungen auf Apfelbäume. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 125: 144–155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lüdders P, Bünemann G, Ortmann U (1976) Die Wirkung jahreszeitlich unterschiedlicher

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaliumverfügbarkeit auf Apfelbäume. IX. Einfluß auf den Mineralstoffgehalt ausdauernder Baum teile. Gartenbauwissenschaft 41:260–269

    Google Scholar 

  • Lund ZF, Doss BD, Lowry FE (1975) Dairy cattle manure–Its effect on yield and quality of coastal bermuda grass. J Environ Qual 4: 358–362

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marschner H (1971) Why can sodium replace potassium in plants? Proc 8th Colloq Int Potash Inst Bern

    Google Scholar 

  • Marschner H, Ossenberg–Neuhaus H (1977) Wirkung von 2,3,5–Trijodbenzoesäure ( TIBA) auf den Calciumtransport und die Kationenaustausehkapazität in Sonnenblumen. Z Pflanzenphysiol 85: 29–44

    Google Scholar 

  • Marschner H, Possingham JV (1975) Effect of K+ and Na+ on growth of leaf discs of sugar beet and spinach. Z Pflanzenphysiol 85: 6–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Marschner H, Richter Ch (1974) Calciumtransport in Wurzeln von Mais– und Bohnenkeimpflanzen. Plant Soil 40: 193–210

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marschner H, Römheld V, Azarabadi S (1978) Iron stress response of efficient and inefficient plant species. In: Proc 8th Colloq Plant Anal Fert Probl. Auckland, NZ

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin G (1965) Nécessité du chlore dans nutrition de Spirodela polyrhiza cultivé en conditions hétérotrophes. CR Acad Sei 260: 5928–5930

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin MH, Coughtrey PJ (1978) Preliminary observations on the level of cadmium in a contaminated environment. Chemosphere 3: 155–160

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin P (1971) Wanderwege des Stickstoffs in Buschbohnenpflanzen bei Aufwärtstransport nach der Aufnahme durch die Wurzeln. Z Pflanzenphysiol 64: 206–222

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mathys W (1975) Enzymes of heavy metal resistant and non–resistant populations of Silene cucubalus and their interaction with some heavy metals in vitro and in vivo. Physiol Plant 33: 161–165

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mattoo AK, Liebermann M (1977) Localization of the ethylene–synthesizing system in

    Google Scholar 

  • apple tissue. Plant Physiol 60:794–799

    Google Scholar 

  • Meisch HK, Schmitt JA, Reinle W (1977) Schwermetalle in höheren Pilzen. Cadmium, Zink und Kupfer. Z Naturforsch 32 c: 172–181

    Google Scholar 

  • Menary RC, Staden van J (1976) Effect of phosphorus nutrition and cytokinins on flowering in the tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum L. Aust J Plant Physiol 3: 201–205

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mengel K (1979) Ernährung und Stoffwechsel der Pflanzen, 5th edn. Fischer, Jena Mengel K, Haeder H–E (1977) Effect of potassium supply on the rate of phloem sap exudation and the composition of phloem sap of Ricinus communis. Plant Physiol 59:282–284

    Google Scholar 

  • Mengel K, Kirby EA (1978) Principles of plant nutrition. Int Potash Inst, Bern

    Google Scholar 

  • Mengel K, Grimme H, Nemeth K (1969) Potentielle und effektive Verfügbarkeit von Pflanzennährstoffen im Boden. Landwirtsch Forsch 23: (16. Sonderheft) 79–91

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mengel K, Haghparast MR, Koch K (1974) The effect of potassium on the fixation of molecular nitrogen by root nodules of Vicia faba. Plant Physiol 54: 535–538

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Michael G, Beringer H (1980) The role of hormones in yield formation. In: Proc 15th Int Potash Colloq, Wageningen

    Google Scholar 

  • Michael G, Koushiahi–Tork K, Wilberg E (1969 a) Einfluß unterschiedlicher Luftfeuchtigkeit auf Chlorophyll– und Eiweißabbau in Blättern von Tabakpflanzen. Flora A 160:186–195

    Google Scholar 

  • Michael G, Mounla MAKh, Goldbach H (1974) Nitrogen fertilizer application, hormone activity and crop production. Plant Anal Fert Probl Proc 7th Int Colloq, Hannover

    Google Scholar 

  • Michael G, Schultz R, Wagner H (1969 b) Modellversuch zur Bedeutung der Granne für die Versorgung des Gerstenkornes mit Cytokininen. Flora A 160:306–316

    Google Scholar 

  • Micheal B, Zink F, Lantzsch HJ (1980) Effect of phosphate application on phytin–P and other phosphate fractions in developing wheat grains. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 369–376

    Google Scholar 

  • Millikan CR, Hanger BC (1969) Movement of a foliar–applied 45Ca in Brussels sprouts. Austr J Biol Sei 22: 545–558

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell GA, Bingham ET, Page AL (1978) Yield and metal composition of lettuce and wheat grown on soils amended with sewage sludge enriched with cadmium, copper, nickel and zinc. J Environ Qual 7: 165–171

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mix GP, Marschner H ( 1976 a) Calciumgehalte in Früchten von Paprika, Bohne, Quitte und Hagebutte im Verlauf des Fruchtwachstums. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 139: 537–549

    Google Scholar 

  • Mix GP, Marschner H (1976 b) Einfluß exogener und endogener Faktoren auf den Calciumgehalt von Paprika– und Bohnenfrüchten. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 139:551–563

    Google Scholar 

  • Mix GP, Marschner H (1976 c) Calcium–Umlagerung in Bohnenfrüchten während des Samenwachstums. Z Pflanzenphysiol 80:354–366

    Google Scholar 

  • Miyake Y, Takahashi E (1978) Silicon deficiency of tomato plants. Soil Sei Plant Nutr 24: 175–189

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohamed AH, Gnanam A (1979) A possible mechanism of ammonium ion regulation of photosynthetic carbon flow in higher plants. Plant Physiol 64: 263–268

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monselise SP, Varga A, Knegt E, Bruinsma J (1978) Course of the zeatin content in tomato fruits and seeds developing on intact or partially defoliated plants. Z Pflanzenphysiol 90: 451–460

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mostafa MAE, Ulrich A (1976) Absorption, distribution and form of Ca in relation to Ca deficiency (tip burn) of sugar beet. Crop Sei 16: 27–30

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mothes K (1932) Ernährung, Struktur und Transpiration. Ein Beitrag zur kausalen Analyse der Xeromorphosen. Biol Zentralbl 52: 193–223

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naumann WD (1971) Calcium Verteilung in Äpfeln und Entwicklung von Stippigkeit unter dem Einfluß von Wachstumsregulatoren. Gartenbauwissenschaft 36:63–68 Nitsch JP (1950) Growth and morphogenesis of strawberries as related to auxin. Annu J Bot 37: 211–215

    Google Scholar 

  • Ocker H–D (1977/78) Gehalte und Verteilung von Schwermetallen in Getreide und Getreideprodukten. Ber Landwirtsch 55:796–808

    Google Scholar 

  • Oertli JJ, Richardson WF (1970) The mechanism of boron immobility in plants. Physiol Plant 23: 108–116

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oldenkamp L, Smilde KW (1966) Copper deficiency in douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mirb. Franco ). Plant Soil 25: 150–152

    Google Scholar 

  • Overleas D (1973) Phytates. In: Toxicants occurring naturally in foods. Comm Food Protec Nutr Board, Natl Res Counc. Natl Acad Sei, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  • Page AL, Bingham FT (1973) Cadmium residues in the environment. Residue Rev 48: 1–44

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Palzkill DA, Tibbitts TW, Williams PH (1976) Enhancement of calcium transport to inner leaves of cabbage for prevention of tipburn. J Am Soc Hortic Sei 101:645– 648

    Google Scholar 

  • Pate JS (1976) Exchange of solutes between phloem and xylem and circulation in the whole plant. In: Zimmermann MH, Milburn JA (eds) Phloem transport. Encyclopedia of plant physiology, new ser vol I. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Pate JS, Hocking PJ (1978) Phloem and xylem transport in the supply of minerals to a developing legume (Lupinus albus L.) fruit. Ann Bot 42: 911–921

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pate JS, Sharkey PJ, Lewis OAM (1976 a) Phloem bleeding from legume fruits – a technique for study of fruit nutrition. Planta 120:229–243

    Google Scholar 

  • Pate JS, Sharkey PJ, Lewis OAM (1974b) Xylem to phloem transfer of solutes in fruiting shoots of legumes, studies by a phloem–bleeding technique. Planta 122: 11–26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pate JS, Kuo J, Hocking PJ (1978) Functioning of conducting elements of phloem and xylem in the stalk of the developing fruit of Lupinus albus L. Aust J Plant Physiol 5: 321–326

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peoples TR, Koch DW (1979) Role of potassium in carbon dioxide assimilation in Medicago sativa L. Plant Physiol 63: 878–881

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perrenoud S (1977) Potassium and plant–health. Potash Inst Bern

    Google Scholar 

  • Petit CM, Ringoet A, Myttenaere C (1978) Stimulation of cadmium uptake in relation to the cadmium content of plants. Plant Physiol 62: 554–557

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pettersson A (1976) Heavy metal ion uptake by plants from solutions with metal ion, plant species and growth period variations. Plant Soil 45: 445–459

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pettersson A (1977) Differences in cadmium uptake between plant species and cultivars. Swed J Agric Res 7: 21–24

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pflüger R, Wiedemann R (1977) Der Einfluß monovalenter Kationen auf die Nitratreduktion von Spinacia oleracea L. Z Pflanzenphysiol 85: 125–133

    Google Scholar 

  • Pietz RI, Vetter RJ, Masarik D, McFee WW (1978) Zinc and cadmium contents of agricultural soils and corn in Northwestern Indiana. J Environ Qual 7: 381–385

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poovaiah BW (1979) Role of calcium in ripening and senescence. Commun Soil Sei Plant Anal 10: 83–88

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poovaiah BW, Leopold AC (1973 a) Deferral of leaf senescence with calcium. Plant Physiol 52:236–239

    Google Scholar 

  • Poovaiah BW, Leopold AC (1973 b) Inhibition of abscission by calcium. Plant Physiol 51:848–851

    Google Scholar 

  • Poovaiah BW, Leopold AC (1976) Effect of inorganic solutes on the bindings of auxin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Plant Physiol 58:783–785

    Google Scholar 

  • Priestley CA (1976) Some effects of ringing and deblossoming branches of young apple trees in leaf composition. J Exp Bot 27: 1325–1332

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Quinlan JD, Preston AP (1973) Effect of shoot tipping on fruiting and apple tree growth. East Mailing Res Stn Rep

    Google Scholar 

  • Rahimi A, Bussler W (1973 a) Die Diagnose des Kupfermangels mittels sichtbarer Symptome an höheren Pflanzen. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 135:267–283

    Google Scholar 

  • Rahimi A, Bussler W (1973 b) Physiologische Voraussetzungen für die Bildung der Kupfermangelsymptome. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 136:25–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Rahimi A, Bussler W (1973 c) Die Wirkung von Kupfermangel auf die Gewebestruktur höherer Pflanzen. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 135:183–195

    Google Scholar 

  • Rahman MS, Wilson JH (1977) Effect of phosphorus applied as superphosphate on rate of development and spikelet number. Austr J Agric Res 28: 183–186

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rajagopal V, Rao IM (1974) Changes in the endogenous level of auxins and gibberellinlike substances in the shoot apices of nitrogen–deficient tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). Aust J Bot 22: 429–435

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramon Garcia L, Hanway JJ (1976) Foliar fertilization of soybean during the seed–filling period. Agron J 68: 653–657

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rapper CD, Patterson DT, Parsons LR, Kramer PJ (1977) Relative growth and nutrient accumulation rates for tobacco. Plant Soil 46: 473–486

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raschke K (1979) Movements of stomata. In: Haupt W, Feinleib ME (eds) Physiology of movements. Encyclopedia of plant physiology new ser vol VII. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Raven JA (1977) H+ and Ca2+ in phloem and symplast. Relation of relative immobility of the ions to the cytoplasmic nature of the transport path. New Phytol 79: 465–480

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reinhold JG, Nasr K, Lahimgarzadeh A, Hedayati H (1973) Effect of purified phytate and phytate–rich bread upon metabolism of zinc, calcium, phosphorus and nitrogen in man. Lancet 1: 283–291

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reuss JO, Dooley HL, Grittis W (1978) Uptake of cadmium from phosphate fertilizers by pear, radishes and lettuce. J Environ Qual 7: 128–133

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riley D, Barber SA (1971) Effect of ammonium and nitrate fertilization on phosphorus uptake as related to root–induced pH changes at the root–soil interface. Soil Sei Soc AmProc 35: 301–306

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ringoet A, Sauer G, Gielink AJ (1968) Phloem transport of calcium in oat leaves. Planta 80: 15–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Römheld V, Marschner H (1979) Fine regulation of iron uptake by the Fe–efflcient plant species Helianthus annuus. In: Harley JL, Scott Russell R (eds) The soil–root interface. Academic Press, London New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Sahrawat KL, Mukarjee SK, Gulat KC (1977) Nitrification inhibitors. II. Studies with furano compounds. Plant Soil 47: 687–691

    Google Scholar 

  • Salama El–D AMS, Wareing PF (1979) Effects of mineral nutrition on endogenous cytokines in plants of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.). J Exp Bot 30: 971–981

    Google Scholar 

  • Sattelmacher B, Marschner H (1978) Nitrogen nutrition and cytokinin activity in Solanum tuberosum. Physiol Plant 42: 185–198

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sattelmacher B, Marschner H (1979) Tuberization in potato plants as affected by application of nitrogen to the roots and leaves. Potato Res 22: 39–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Satter RL, Galston AW (1971) Phytochrome–controlled nyctinasty in Albizzia librium. III. Interactions between endogenous rhythm and phytochrome in control of potassium flux and leaflet movement. Plant Physiol 48: 740–746

    Google Scholar 

  • Scaife MA, Clarkson DT (1978) Calcium–related disorders in plants–a possible explanation for the effect of weather. Plant Soil 50: 723–725

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schilling G, Schalldach I (1966) Untersuchungen über Transport, Einbau und Verwertung spät gedüngten Mineralstickstoffs bei Pisum sativum L. Thaer Arch 10: 895–907

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schuphan W (1976) Mensch und Nahrungspflanze. Jung, Den Haag

    Google Scholar 

  • Seiler–Kelbitsch H, Michael G, Wilberg E (1974) Beziehungen zwischen Korngewicht und Cytokinin–Aktivität bei Sommergerste, untersucht am Beispiel des Abschneidens von Bestockungstrieben. Angew Bot 48: 299–307

    Google Scholar 

  • Seth AK, Wareing PF (1967) Hormone–directed transport of metabolites and its possible role in plant senescence. J Exp Bot 18: 65–77

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharpies RO, Johnson DS (1977) The influence of calcium on senescence changes in apple. Ann Appl Biol 85: 450–453

    Google Scholar 

  • Shay FJ, Hale MG (1973) Effect of low levels of calcium on exudation of sugar and sugar derivates from intact peanut roots under axenic conditions. Plant Physiol 51: 1061–1063

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shear CB (1975) Calcium–related disorders of fruits and vegetables. Hort Sei 10: 361–365

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shear CB (1979) International symposium on calcium nutrition of economic crops. Commun Soil Sei Plant Anal 10: 1–501

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shear CB, Faust M (1970) Calcium transport in apple trees. Plant Physiol 45: 670–674

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simojoki P (1972) Results of boron fertilizer experiments in barley. Ann Agric Fenniae 11: 333–341

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinclair TR, Dewit CT (1976) Analysis of the carbon and nitrogen limitations to soybean yield. Agron J 68: 319–324

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sinha BK, Shingh NT (1976) Chloride accumulation near corn roots under different transpiration, soil moisture and soil salinity regimes. Agron J 88: 346–348

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Staden van J, Davey JE (1979) The synthesis, transport and metabolism of endogenous cytokinins. Plant Cell Environ 2: 93–106

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strickland RC, Chaney WR, Lamoreaux RJ (1979) Organic matter influences phyto toxicity of cadmium to soybeans. Plant Soil 52: 393–402

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Symeonides C, McRae SG (1977) The assessment of plant available cadmium in soils. J Environ Qual 6: 120–123

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Terry N (1977) Photosynthesis, growth and the role of chloride. Plant Physiol 60: 69–75

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Trobisch S, Schilling G (1969) Untersuchungen über Zusammenhänge zwischen Massenentwicklung und N–Umsatz während der generativen Phase bei Sinapis alba L. Thaer

    Google Scholar 

  • Arch 13:867–878 Trobisch S, Schilling G (1970) Beitrag zur Klärung der physiologischen Grundlage der

    Google Scholar 

  • Samenbildung bei einjährigen Pflanzen und zur Wirkung später zusätzlicher N–Gaben auf diesen Prozeß am Beispiel von Sinapis alba L. Thaer Arch 14:253–265

    Google Scholar 

  • Tromp J (1979) The intake curve for calcium into apple fruits under various environmental conditions. Commun Soil Sei Plant Anal 10: 325–335

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tromp J, Oele J (1972) Shoot growth and mineral composition of leaves and fruits of apple as affected by relative air humidity. Physiol Plant 27: 253–258

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Varga A, Bruinsma J (1974) The growth and ripening of tomato fruits at different levels of endogenous cytokinins. J Hort Sei 49: 135–142

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vaughan AKF (1977) The relation between the concentration of boron in the reproductive and vegetative organs of maize plants and their development. Rhod J Agric Res 15: 163–170

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Venkat–Raju K, Marschner H (1972) Regulation of iron uptake from relatively insoluble iron compounds by sunflower plants. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 133: 227–241

    Google Scholar 

  • Vetter H, Teichmann W (1968) Feldversuche mit gestaffelten Kupfer– und Stickstoff– Düngergaben in Weser–Ems. Z Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd 121: 97–111

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vetter H, Mählop R, Fürchtenicht K (1974) Immissionsstoffbelastung in der Nachbarschaft einer Blei– und Zinkhütte. Ber Landwirtsch 52: 327–350

    Google Scholar 

  • Visser J, Locher JTh, Brouwer R (1971) Effects of aeration and mineral supply on growth and mineral content of shoots and roots of apple trees (var. Golden Delicious on M IX ). Neth J Agric Sei 19: 125–137

    Google Scholar 

  • Vlamis J, Williams D (1967) Manganese and silicon interaction in the Gramineae. Plant Soil 27: 131–140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Volk RJ (1958) Silicon content of the rice plant as a factor influencing its resistance to infections by the blast fungus, Piricularia oryzae. Phytopathology 48: 179–184

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vorm van der PDJ, Diest van A (1979) Aspects of the Fe and Mn nutrition of rice plants. II. Iron and manganese uptake by rice plants, grown on aerobic water cultures. Plant Soil 52: 19–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Wagner HC (1974) Wuchsstoffgesteuerte Assimilateverlagerung bei Gerste. Angew Bot 48: 331–338

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner H, Michael G (1971) Der Einfluß unterschiedlicher Stickstoffversorgung auf die Cytokininbildung in Wurzeln von Sonnenblumenpflanzen. Biochem Physiol Pflanzen 162: 147–158

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wainwright SJ, Woolhouse HW (1977) Some physiological aspects of copper and zinc tolerance in Agrostis tenuis Sibth: Cell elongation and membrane damage. J Exp Bot 28: 1029–1036

    Google Scholar 

  • Wakita H, Schmitt RA (1970) Cadmium. In: Wedepohl KH (ed) Handbook of geochemistry Vol II–4/48. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Wehrmann J, Scharpf HC (1979) Der Mineralstickstoffgehalt des Bodens als Maßstab für den Stickstoffdüngerbedarf ( Nmin–Methode ). Plant Soil 52: 109–126

    Google Scholar 

  • Wetzel R, Menke KH, Oelschläger W (1979) Gehalte an Spuren– und Mengenelementen in verschiedenen Mais– und Hafersorten sowie in einigen Heuherkünften. Landwirtsch Forsch 32: 101–109

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wiebe HJ, Schätzler HP, Kühn W (1977) On the movement and distribution of calcium in white cabbage in dependence on the water status. Plant Soil 48: 409–416

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wieneke J (1974) Untersuchungen zur Translokation von 45Ca im Apfelbaum. Gartenbauwissenschaft 39: 57–67

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wieneke J (1979) Calcium transport and its microautoradiographic localization in the tissue. Commun Soil Sei Plant Anal 10: 237–250

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wieneke J, Führ F ( 1973 a) Untersuchungen zur Translokation von 45Ca im Apfelbaum. I. Transport und Verteilung in Abhängigkeit vom Aufnahmezeitpunkt. GartenbauWissenschaft 38: 91–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Wieneke J, Führ F (1973 b) Mikroautoradiographischer Nachweis von Ca45 Kristallablagerungen im Apfelstiel– und Fruchtgewebe. Angew Bot 47:107–112

    Google Scholar 

  • Wieneke J, Biddulph O, Woodbridge CG (1971) Influence of growth–regulating substances on absorption and translocation of calcium in pea and bean. J Am Soc Hortic Sei 96: 721–724

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wiersum LK (1966) Calcium content of fruits and storage tissue in relation to the mode of water supply. Acta Bot Neerl 15: 406–418

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilkinson BG (1968) Mineral composition of apples. IX. Uptake of calcium by the fruit. J Sei Food Agric 19: 646–647

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Willenbrink J, Schuster WB (1978) Localized inhibition of translocation o f 14C–assimilates in the phloem by valinomycin and other metabolic inhibitors. Planta 319: 261–265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams DE, Vlamis J (1957) The effect of silicon on yield and manganese–54 uptake and distribution in the leaves of barley plants grown in culture solutions. Plant Physiol 32: 404–409

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu L, Thurman DA, Bradshaw AD (1975) The uptake of copper and its effect upon respiratory processes of roots of copper–tolerant and non–tolerant clones of Agrostis stolonifera. New Phytol 75: 225–229

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamagata N, Shigematsu J (1970) Cadmium pollution in perspective. Bull Inst Publ Health 19: 1–27

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshida S, Nasavero SA, Ramirez EA (1969) Effect of silica and nitrogen supply on some leaf characters of the rice plant. Plant Soil 31: 48–56

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan HF, Chang YS (1978) Effect of available silicon in paddy soil on the growth of rice plants. Bot Bull Acad Sinica 19: 125–138

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zimdahl RL, Foster JM (1976) The influence of applied phosphorus, manure or lime on uptake of lead from soil. J Environ Qual 5: 31–34

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. H. Marschner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Hoagland Hall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    André Läuchli

  2. Division of Horticulture and Processing, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand

    Roderick Leon Bieleski

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1983 Springer-Verlag Berlin-Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Marschner, H. (1983). General Introduction to the Mineral Nutrition of Plants. In: Läuchli, A., Bieleski, R.L. (eds) Inorganic Plant Nutrition. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, vol 15. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68885-0_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68885-0_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-68887-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-68885-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation