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Ganglion-Blocking Agents in Internal Medicine

  • Chapter
Pharmacology of Ganglionic Transmission

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 53))

Abstract

The major therapeutic use of the ganglion-blocking agents is in the management of arterial hypertension. These were the first potent hypotensive drugs to be developed. Initially, tetraethylammonium chloride was used, but later other compounds were synthesised and used: hexamethonium, Pendiomid, pentapyrrolidinium (pentoli-nium), mecamylamine, chlorisondamine, pentamethylpiperidine (pempidine), pachy-carpinum, nanophynum, diochinum, dicolinum, dimecolinum, ganglerone, and others (see Kharkevich, p. 1, for the structures and synonyms of Russian agents). Although the ganglion-blocking agents inhibit transmission in all the autonomic ganglia, the sensitivity of various ganglia to ganglion-blocking agents differs. The highest sensitivity is noticed in pathways of the autonomic system that are in a state of increased functional overexertion (Paton and Zaimis, 1952). Thus, in hypertension and some peripheral vascular diseases the sympathetic ganglia are the first to react and the vascular tone decreases; in patients with peptic ulcer the most sensitive ganglia are those of the parasympathetic nervous system, which controls the motor and secretory activity of the stomach. Therefore, ganglion-blocking agents are used in the treatment of different diseases connected with the disturbance of nervous regulation, when a decrease in the efferent impulse transmission to the organs may produce an expected therapeutic effect (in increased tone of the vascular and other smooth muscles, renal colic, causalgias, eclampsia, and also in surgery for the creation of controlled hypotension, etc.).

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Authors
  1. E. V. Erina
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, First Medical Institute, 2/6, B. Pirogovskaja St., 119435, Moscow, USSR

    Dimitry A. Kharkevich

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Erina, E.V. (1980). Ganglion-Blocking Agents in Internal Medicine. In: Kharkevich, D.A. (eds) Pharmacology of Ganglionic Transmission. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 53. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67397-9_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-67397-9_16

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