Abstract
Hepatic malignancies include primary and secondary (or metastatic) tumors. In children, primary tumors are the rule, and most are malignant. Primary liver malignancies are also more common in adult populations of sub-Saharan Africa, China, and other less industrialized areas of the world, but the majority of liver tumors diagnosed among adults in the developed areas are metastatic.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anti M, Marra G, Rapaccini GL, et al (1994) DNA ploidy pattern in human chronic liver diseases and hepatic nodular lesions flow cytometric analysis on echo-guided needle liver biopsies. Cancer 73:281–288
Anthony PP (1994) Tumors and tumor-like lesions of the liver and biliary tract. In: MacSween RNM, Antony PP, Scheuer PJ, et al (eds) Pathology of the liver. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 635
Anthony PP, Vogel CL, Barker LF (1973) Liver cell dysplasia: a premalignant condition. J Clin Path 26:217–223
Arakawa M, Kage M, Matsumoto S, et al (1986) Frequency and significance of tumour thrombi in oesophageal varices in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with cirrhosis. Hepatology 6:419–422
Borzio M, Bruno S, Roncalli M, et al (1991) Liver cell dysplasia and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: a preliminary report. Br Med J 302:1312–1315
Bosch FX, Munoz N (1991) Hepatocellular carcinoma in the world: epidemiologic questions. In: Tabor E, Di Bisceglie AM, and Purcell RH (eds) Etiology, Pathology and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in North America. Advances in Applied Technology Series, vol. 13. Gulf Publishing, Houston, p 35
Caturelli E, Fusilli S, Costarelli L, et al (1993) Focal ultrasound lesions in cirrhotic liver diagnosed as regenerative nodules by biopsy. A morphometric study. J Clin Gastroenterol 17:67–72
Chen MF, Jan YY, Jeng LB, et al (1994) Obstructive jaundice secondary to ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma into the common bile duct. Cancer 73:1335–1340
Collier JD, Carpenter M, Burt AD, et al (1991) Expression of mutant p53 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma. Gut 35:98–100
Colombo M, Kuo G, Choo QL, et al (1989) Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in Italian patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet 2:1004–1006
Craig JR, Peters RL, Edmondson HA, et al (1980) Fibrolamellar carcinoma of the liver: a tumor of adolescents and young adults with distinctive clinico-pathologic features. Cancer 46:372–379
Ding SF, Michail NE, Habib NA (1994) Genetic changes in hepatoblastoma. J Hepatol 20:672–675
Edmondson HA, Steiner PE (1954) Primary carcinoma of the liver: a study of 100 cases among 48,900 necropsies. Cancer 7:462–503
Enwonwu CO (1984) The role of dietary aflatoxin in the genesis of hepatocellular cancer in the developing countries. Lancet 2:956–958
Exelby PR, Filler RM, Groshield JM (1975) Liver tumors in children with particular reference to hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. J Pediatr Surg 10:329–337
Falk H, Thomas LB, Popper H, et al (1979) Hepatic angiosarcoma associated with androgenic-anabolic steroids. Lancet 2:1120–1123
Ferrel L, Wright T, Lake J, et al (1992) Incidence and diagnostic features of macroregenerative nodules vs. small hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic livers. Hepatology 16:1372–1381
Gibson JB (1978) International histological classification of the tumours. No.20. World Health Organization, Geneve, pp 20–22
Goodman ZD, Ishak KG, Langloss JM, et al (1985) Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a histologic and immunohistochemical study. Cancer 55:124–135
Greech IL, Johnson MN (1974) Angiosarcoma of the liver in the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride. J Occup Med 16:150–151
Gururangan S, O’Meara A, MacMahon C, et al (1992) Primary hepatic tumours in children: a 26-year review. J Surg Oncol 50:30–36
Haas JE, Muczynski KA, Krailo M, et al (1989) Histopathology and prognosis in childhood hepatoblastoma and hepatocarcinoma. Cancer 64:1082–1095
Hardell L, Bengtsson NO, Jonsson U, et al (1984) Aetiological aspects of primary liver cancer with special regard to alcohol, organic solvents and acute intermittent porphyria - an epidemiological investigation. Br J Cancer 50:389–397
Helzberg JH, McPhee MS, Zarling EJ, et al (1985) Hepatocellular carcinoma: an unusual course with hyperthyroidism and inappropriate thyroid-stimulating hormone production. Gastroenterology 88:181–184
Ishak KG (1987) Malignant mesenchymal tumors of the liver. In: Okuda K, Ishak KG (eds) Neoplasms of the Liver. Springer-Verlag, Tokyo, pp 159–176
Kelleher MB, Iwatsuki S, Sheahan DG (1989) Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver. Clinicopathological correlation of 10 cases trated by orthotopic liver transplantation. Am J Surg Pathol 13:999–1008
Kew MC, Dusheiko GM (1981) Paraneoplastic manifestations of hepatocellular carcinoma. In: Chalmers TC, Berk PD (eds) Frontiers of Science in Liver Disease. Thieme-Stratton, New York, p 305
Kew MC, Geddes EW (1982) Hepatocellular carcinoma in ru- ral southern African blacks. Medicine (Salt) 61:98–108
Kew MC, Popper H (1984) The relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis. Semin Liver Dis 4:136–146
Kondo F, Wada K, Nagato Y, et al (1989) Biopsy diagnosis of well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma based on new morphologic criteria. Hepatology 9:751–755
Kulkarni PB, Beatty EC (1977) Cholangiocarcinoma associ- ated with biliary atresia. Am J Dis Child 131:442–444
Lederman SM, Martin EC, Laffey KT, et al (1987) Hepatic neurofibromatosis, malignant shwannoma and angiosarcoma in von Recklinghausen’s disease. Gastroenterology 92:234–239
Leuschner I, Schmidt D, Harms D (1990) Undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver in childhood. Morphology, flow cytometry and literature review. Hum Pathol 21:68–73
Lutwick LI (1979) Relation between aflatoxins and hepatitis-B virus and hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet 2:775–777
Miller WJ, Dood GD III, Federle MP, et al (1992) Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver: imaging findings with pathologic correlation. Am J Roentgenol 159:53–57
Munoz N, Bosch X (1987) Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma. In: Okuda K, Ishak KG (eds) Neoplasms of the Liver. Springer-Verlag, Tokyo, pp 3–19
Nakashima O, Sugihara S, Kage M, et al (1995) Pathomorphologic characteristics of small hepatocellular carcinoma: A special reference to small hepatocellular carcinoma with indistict margins. Hepatology 22:101–105
Okuda K, Kondo Y, Nakano M, et al (1991) Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting with pyrexia and leukocytosis: report of five cases. Hepatology 13:695–700
Orsatti G, Theise ND, Thung SN, et al (1993) DNA image cytometric analysis of macroregenerative nodules (adenomatous hyperplasia) of the liver: evidence in support of their preneoplastic nature. Hepatology 17:621–627
Parkin DM, Muir CS, Whelan SL., et al (1992) Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, vol.5. IARC Publication, No.120. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon
Pierach CA, Bossenmaier IC, Cardinal RA, et al (1984) Pseudoporphyria in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Med 76:545–548
Pompili M, Rapaccini GL, Gambassi G (1991) Review of adenomatous hyperplastic nodules in liver cirrhosis: pathologic features, imaging diagnosis and pronostic significance. Gastroenterology International 4:120–124
Rapaccini GL, Pompili M, Caturelli E, et al (1990) Focal ultrasound lesions in liver cirrhosis diagnosed as regene rating nodules by fine-needle biopsy. Follow-up of 12 cases. Dig Dis Sci 35:422–427
Regelson W, Kim U, Ospina J, et al (1968) Hemengioendothelial sarcoma of the liver from chronic arsenic intoxication by Fowler’s solution. Cancer 21:514–522
Ros PR, Buck JL, Goodman ZD, et al (1988) Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiology 167:689–693
Roth F (1955) Arsen-Leber-Tumoren (Hemangioendotheliom). Arch Pathol 60:493–499
Shapiro ET, Bell GI, Polonsky KS, et al (1990) Tumor hypoglycemia: relationship to high molecular weight insulin-like growth factor II. J Clin Invest 85:1672–1679
Srivatanakul P, Parkin DM, Yiang Y-Z, et al (1991) The role of infection by Opisthorchis viverrini, hepatitis B virus, and aflatoxin exposure in liver cancer in Thailand. Cancer 68:2411–2417
Sugihara S, Kojiro M (1987) Pathology of cholaniocarcinoma. In: Okuda K, Ishak KG (eds) Neoplasms of the Liver. Springer-Verlag, Tokyo, pp 143–158
Tamburro CH (1984) Relationship of vinyl chloride and liver cancers: angiosarcoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Liver Dis 4:158–169
Tamura K, Kubota K, Take H, et al (1994) Parathyroid hormone-related peptide as a possible cause of hypercalcemia in a hepatocellular carcinoma patient. Am J Gastroenterol 89:644–645
Visfeldt J, Poulsen H (1972) On the histopathology of the liver and liver tumors in thorium dioxide patients. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 80A:97–108
Wada K, Kondo F, Kondo Y (1988) Large regenerative nodules and dysplastic nodules in cirrhotic livers: a histopath)- logic study. Hepatology 12:592–597
Watanabe S, Okita K, Harada T, et al (1983) Morphologic studies of the liver cell dysplasia. Cancer 51:2197–2205
Wheeler DA, Edmondson HA (1985) Cystadenoma with mesenchymal stroma (CMS) in the liver and bile ducts: a din. - copathologic study of 17 cases, 4 with malignant change. Cancer 56:1434–1435
Wogan GN (1976)The induction of liver cancer by chemicals. In: Cameron HM, Linsell CA, Warwick GP (eds) Liver Cell Cancer. John Wiley, New York, pp 121–152
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Rapaccini, G.L. (1999). Clinico-pathological Classification of Liver Malignancies. In: Bartolozzi, C., Lencioni, R. (eds) Liver Malignancies. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58641-5_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58641-5_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63679-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-58641-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive