Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells

Abstract

Endothelial cells of liver sinusoids (SEC) differ in many structural and functional aspects from other endothelial cells of the body. They do not have a regular basement membrane, and are often embraced by the cytoplasmic processes of underlying hepatic stellate cells. SEC constitute an important filtration barrier between macromolecules and blood cells present in the sinusoidal lumen and hepatocytes that prevents their direct contact, and determines the exchange of various substances. SEC possess a large pinocytotic and endocytic capacity due to the presence of numerous plasma membrane receptors. They also actively participate in the immunological functions of the liver.