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Atopie und atopische Dermatitis

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Therapie der Hautkrankheiten

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Zusammenfassung

Der Begriff „Atopie“ (a-topos = falsch platzierte Erkrankung) kennzeichnet einen unregelmäßig dominanten, autosomal vererbbaren Formenkreis von Erkrankungen mukokutaner Lokalisation (Tabelle 9–1) mit einer Penetranz von ca. 50%. Eine polygene Vererbung wurde diskutiert. Eine Prädisposition zur Atopie dürfte insgesamt bei 5–15 % der mitteleuropäischen Kaukasier vorliegen. Die atopische Dermatitis manifestiert sich im Säuglingsalter, im frühen Kindesalter und in der Jugend (insgesamt über 80–85% aller Kranken), ihre Prävalenz in der Gesamtbevölkerung wird mit 0,5–1,0 %, bis zu 7% für Kinder und Jugendliche vor der Pubertät, angegeben. Höhere Prävalenzangaben (bis 15%) liegen aus Skandinavien vor. Zur Auslösung der Hauterkrankung bedarf es bestimmter Realisationsfaktoren in Form unspezifischer Reize: Allergene, Infekte, Klimaeinflüsse, Hautirritationen, Stress u. a.

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  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Benjamin Franklin Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 60-62, 14195, Berlin, Deutschland

    Prof. Dr. Prof. h. c. Constantin E. Orfanos

  2. Hautklinik und Poliklinik, Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Liebermeisterstr. 25, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland

    Prof. Dr. Claus Garbe

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U. Blume-Peytavi C. C. Geilen S. Goerdt H. Gollnick E. Haneke F.-M. Köhn B. Tebbe R. Treudler Ch. C. Zouboulis

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Orfanos, C.E., Garbe, C. (2002). Atopie und atopische Dermatitis. In: Blume-Peytavi, U., et al. Therapie der Hautkrankheiten. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56219-8_9

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